Carbohydrate allocation to storage as a basis of interspecific variation in sapling survivorship and growth

Oikos

Volumn 80, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 226-233

  Kobe, Richard K ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

^b MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBOHYDRATE STORAGE; GROWTH; INTERSPECIFIC VARIATION; SAPLING SURVIVAL; SURVIVORSHIP;

ACER SACCHARUM; ACERACEAE; FRAXINUS AMERICANA; OLEACEAE; PINACEAE; PINUS STROBUS; SACCHARUM HYBRID CULTIVAR; SAPINDACEAE; TSUGA; TSUGA CANADENSIS;

EID: 0030749129     PISSN: 00301299     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3546590     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Augspurger, C. K. and Kelly, C. K. 1984. Pathogen mortality of tropical tree seedlings: experimental studies of the effects of dispersal distance, seedling density, and light conditions. - Oecologia 61: 211-217.
2. Bazzaz, F. A. 1979. The physiological ecology of plant succession. - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 10: 351-371.
3. _ and Pickett, S. T. A. 1980. Physiological ecology of tropical succession: a comparative review. - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 11: 287-310.
4. Canham, C. D. 1988a. Growth and canopy architecture of shade-tolerant trees: response to canopy gaps. - Ecology 69: 786-795.
5. _ 1988b. An index for understory light levels in and around canopy gaps. - Ecology 69: 1634-1638.
6. _ , Finzi, A. C., Pacala, S. W. and Burbank, D. H. 1994. Causes and consequences of resource heterogeneity in forests: interspecific variation in light transmission by canopy trees. - Can. J. For. Res. 24: 337 349.
7. Carroll, J. E., Tattar, T. A. and Wargo, P. M. 1983. Relationship of root starch to decline of sugar maple. - Plant Disease 67: 1347-1349.
8. Caswell, H. 1989. Matrix population models. - Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
9. Ceulemans, R. J. and Saugier, B. 1991. Photosynthesis. - In: Raghavendra, A. S. (ed.), Physiology of trees. Wiley, New York.
10. Chapin, F. S., III, Shulze, E.-D. and Mooney, H. A. 1990. The ecology and economics of storage in plants. - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 21: 423-447.
11. Chazdon, R. L. 1986a. Physiological and morphological basis of shade tolerance in rain forest understory palms. -Principes 30: 92-99.
12. _ 1986b. The cost of leaf support in understory palms: economy versus safety. - Am. Nat. 127: 9-30.
13. _ 1988. Sunflecks and their importance to forest understory plants. - Adv. Ecol. Res. 18: 1-63.
14. _ and Pearcy, R. W. 1991. The importance of sunflecks for forest understory plants. - Bioscience 41: 760-766.
15. Clausen, J. J. and Kozlowski, T. T. 1965. Heterophyllous shoots in Betula papyrifera. - Nature 205: 1020-1031.
16. Coley, P. D., Bryant, J. P. and Chapin, F. S., III. 1985. Resource availability and plant antiherbivore defense. -Science 230: 895-899.
17. Critchfield, W. B. 1960. Leaf dimorphism in Populus trichocarpa. - Am. J. Bot. 47: 699-711.
18. Dickson, R. E. 1991. Assimilate distribution and storage. - In: Raghavendra, A. S. (ed.), Physiology of trees. Wiley, New York, pp. 51-85.
19. Dunn, J. P., Kimmerer, T. W. and Potter, D. A. 1987. Winter starch reserves of white oak as a predictor of attack by the twolined chestnut borer, Agrilus bilineaus (Weber) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). - Oecologia 74: 352-355.
20. _ , Potter, D. A. and Kimmerer, T. W. 1990. Carbohydrate reserves, radial growth, and mechanisms of resistance of oak trees to phloem-boring insects. - Oecologia 83: 458-468.
21. Ericsson, A., Larsson, S. and Teno, O. 1980. Effects of early and late season defoliation on growth and carbohydrate dynamics in Scots pine. - J. Appl. Ecol. 17: 747-69.
22. Gaines, T. P. 1973. Automated determination of reducing sugars, total sugars, and starch in plant tissue from one weighed sample. - J. Ass. Anal. Chem. 56: 1419-1424.
23. Givnish, T. J. 1988. Adaptation to sun and shade: a whole-plant perspective. - Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 15: 63-92.
24. Good, N. F. and Good, R. E. 1972. Population dynamics of tree seedlings and saplings in a mature eastern hardwood forest. - Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 1972: 172-178.
25. Gregory, R. A. and Wargo, P. M. 1986. Timing of defoliation and its effect on bud development, starch reserves, and sap sugar concentration in sugar maple. - Can. J. For. Res. 16: 10-17.
26. Harcombe, P. A. and Marks, P. L. 1978. Tree diameter distributions and replacement processes in southeast Texas forests. - For. Sci. 24: 153-166.
27. Horn, H. S. 1971. The adaptive geometry of trees. - Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
28. Hubbell, S. P. and Foster, R. B. 1992. Short-term dynamics of a neotropical forest: why ecological research matters to tropical conservation and management. - Oikos 63: 48-61.
29. Kays, J. S. and Canham, C. D. 1991. Effects of time and frequency of cutting on hardwood root reserves and sprout growth. - For. Sci. 37: 524-539.
30. King, D. A. 1991. Correlations between biomass allocation, relative growth rate and light environment in tropical forest saplings. - Funct. Ecol. 5: 485-492.
31. Kitajima, K. 1994. Relative importance of photosynthetic traits and allocation patterns as correlates of seedling shade tolerance of 13 tropical trees. - Oecologia 98: 419-428.
32. Kobe, R. K. 1996. Interspecific variation in sapling mortality and growth predicts geographic variation in forest composition. - Ecol. Monogr. 66: 181-201.
33. _ , Pacala, S. W., Silander, J. A., Jr. and Canham, C. D. 1995. Juvenile tree survivorship as a component of shade tolerance. - Ecol. Appl. 5: 517-532.
34. Kolb, T. E. and McCormick, L. H. 1991. Relationship between total nonstructural carbohydrate concentration and root diameter in sugar maple. - For. Sci. 37: 343-346.
35. Kozlowski, T. T. 1992. Carbohydrate sources and sinks in woody plants. - Bot. Rev. 58: 107-222.
36. _ and Ward, R. C. 1957a. Seasonal height growth of conifers. - For. Sci. 3: 61-66.
37. _ and Ward, R. C. 1957b. Seasonal height growth of deciduous trees. - For. Sci. 3: 168-174.
38. _ and Clausen, J. J. 1966. Shoot growth characteristics of heterophyllous woody plants. - Can. J. Bot. 44: 827-843.
39. Lambers, H. and Poorter, H. 1992. Inherent variation in growth rate between higher plants: a search for physiological causes and ecological consequences. - Adv. Ecol. Res. 23: 187-261.
40. Leak, W. B. 1970. Successional change in northern hardwoods predicted by birth and death simulation. - Ecology 51: 794-801.
41. Loehle, C. 1988. Tree life history strategies: the role of defenses. - Can. J. For. Res. 18: 209-222.
42. Lorimer, C. G. 1981. Survival and growth of understory trees in oak forests of the Hudson Highlands, New York. -Can. J. For. Res. 11: 689-695.
43. Louda, S. M. and Collinge, S. K. 1992. Plant resistance to insect herbivores: a field test of the environmental test hypothesis. - Ecology 73: 153-169.
44. MacDonald, A. D., Mothersill, D. H. and Carter, J. C. 1984. Shoot development in Betula papyrifera. III. Long-shoot organogenesis. - Can. J. Bot. 62: 437-445.
45. Margolis, H. A. and Waring, R. H. 1986. Carbon and nitrogen allocation patterns of Douglas fir seedlings fertilized with nitrogen in autumn. I. Overwinter metabolism. -Can. J. For. Res. 16: 897-902.
46. Marks, P. L. 1975. On the relation between extension growth and successional status of deciduous trees of the northeastern United States. - Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 102: 172-177.
47. Matson, P. A. and Waring, R. H. 1984. Effects of nutrient and light limitation on mountain hemlock: susceptibility to laminated root rot. - Ecology 65: 1517-1524.
48. McLaughlin, S. B., McConathy, R. K., Barnes, R. L. and Edwards, N. T. 1980. Seasonal changes in energy allocation by white oak (Quercus alba). - Can. J. For. Res. 10: 379-388.
49. Pacala, S. W., Canham, C. D. and Silander, J. A., Jr. 1993. Forest models defined by field measurements: I. The design of a northeastern forest simulator. - Can. J. For. Res. 23: 1980-1988.
50. _ , Canham, C. D., Silander, J. A., Jr. and Kobe, R. K. 1994. Sapling growth as a function of resources in a north temperate forest. - Can. J. For. Res. 24: 2172-2183.
51. _ , Canham, C. D., Saponara, J. Silander, J. A., Jr., Kobe, R. K. and Ribbens, E. 1996. Forest models defined by field measurements: estimation, error analysis, and dynamics. -Ecol. Monogr. 66: 1-43.
52. Parker, J. and Houston, D. R. 1971. Effects of repeated defoliation on root and root collar extractives of sugar maple trees. - For. Sci. 17: 91-95.
53. _ and Patton, R. L. 1975. Effects of drought and defoliation on some metabolites in roots of black oak seedlings. -Can. J. For. Res. 5: 457-463.
54. Renaud, J. P. and Mauffette, Y. 1991. The relationships of crown dieback with carbohydrate content and growth of sugar maple (Acer saccharum). - Can. J. For. Res. 21: 1111-1118.
55. Smith, D. 1969. Removing and analyzing total nonstructural carbohydrates from plant tissue. - Research Report 41, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Univ. of Wisconsin.
56. _ 1973. Influence of drying and storage conditions on nonstructural carbohydrate analysis of herbage tissue: a review. - J. Br. Grassld. Soc. 28: 129-134.
57. Sprugel, D. G. 1976. Dynamic structure of wave-regenerated Abies balsamea forests in the north-eastern United States. - J. Ecol. 64: 889-910.
58. 2 exchange of northern hardwood seedlings in high and low light: relationships with successional status and shade tolerance. - Oecologia 94:7-16.
59. Wargo, P. M. 1971. Seasonal changes in carbohydrate levels in roots of sugar maple. - USDA Forest Service Research Paper NE - 213.
60. _ 1972. Defoliation-induced chemical changes in sugar maple roots stimulate growth of Armillaria mellea. - Phytopathology 62: 1278-1283.
61. _ , Parker, J. and Houston, D. R. 1972. Starch content in roots of defoliated sugar maple. - For. Sci. 18: 203-204.
62. Waring, R. H. 1987. Characteristics of trees predisposed to die. - Bioscience 37: 569-574.
63. Webb, W. L. 1981. Relation of starch content to conifer mortality and growth loss after defoliation by the Douglasfir tussock moth. - For. Sci. 27: 224-232.