Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia and atherothrombosis

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 811, Issue , 1997, Pages 48-59

  Welch, George N ^a   Upchurch Jr , Gilbert ^a   Loscalzo, Joseph ^a,b  

^a BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTIOXIDANT; ASCORBIC ACID; CATALASE; CYSTATHIONINE BETA SYNTHASE; GLUTATHIONE; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; HOMOCYSTEINE; NITRIC OXIDE;

AMINO ACID BLOOD LEVEL; AMINO ACID METABOLISM; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CONFERENCE PAPER; CYTOTOXICITY; ENZYME DEFICIENCY; HUMAN; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA; OXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PERIPHERAL OCCLUSIVE ARTERY DISEASE; THROMBOCYTE ADHESION; THROMBOSIS; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE;

EID: 0030743980     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51988.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (65)

1. MCCULLY, K. S. 1969. Vascular pathology of homocyst(e)inemia: implications for the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. Am. J. Pathol. 56: 111-128.
2. UELAND, P. M., H. REFSUM & L. BRATTSTROM. 1992. Plasma homocyst(e)ine and cardiovascular disease. In Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Hemostasis, and Endothelial Function. R. B. Francis, Ed.: 183-236. Marcel Dekker. New York.
3. KANG, S.-S., P. W. WONG & M. R. MALINOW. 1992. Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia as a risk factor for occlusive vascular disease. Ann. Rev. Nutr. 12: 279-298.
4. STAMPFER, M. J., M. R. MANILOW, W. C. WILLET et al. 1992. A prospective study of plasma homocyst(e)ine and risk of myocardial infarction in U.S. physicians. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 268: 877-881.
5. SELHUB, J., P. F. JACQUES, A. G. BOSTOM et al. 1995. Association between plasma homocyst(e)ine concentrations and extracranial carotid-artery stenosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 332: 328-329.
6. STARKEBAUM, G. & J. M. HARLAN. 1986. Endothelial cell injury due to copper-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide generation from homocyst(e)ine. J. Clin. Invest. 77: 1370-1376.
7. STAMLER, J. S., J. A. OSBORNE, O. JARAKI et al. 1993. Adverse vascular effects of homocyst(e)ine are modulated by endolhelium-derived relaxing factor and related oxides of nitrogen. J. Clin. Invest. 91: 308-318.
8. RODGERS, G. M. & W. H. KANE. 1985. Activation of endogenous factor V by a homocysteine-induced vascular cell activator. J. Clin. Invest. 77: 1908-1916.
9. FRYER, R. H., B. D. WILSON, D. B. GUBLER et al. 1993. Homocyst(e)ine, a risk factor for premature vascular disease and thrombosis, induces tissue factor activity in endothelial cells. Arterio. Thromb. 13: 1327-1333.
10. RODGERS, G. M. & M. T. CONN. 1989. Homocyst(e)ine, an atherogenic stimulus, reduces protein C activation by arterial and venous endothelial cells. Blood 75: 895-901.
11. MALINOW, M. R. 1990. Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia. A common and easily reversible risk factor for occlusive atherosclerosis. Circulation 81: 2004-2006.
12. STAMPFER, M. J. & M. R. MALINOW. 1995. Can lowering homocyst(e)ine levels reduce cardiovascular risk? N. Engl. J. Med. 333: 325.
13. FINKELSTEIN, J. D. 1990. Methionine metabolism in mammals. J. Nutr. Biochem. 1: 228-237.
14. MUDD, S. H., H. L. LEVY & F. SKOVBY. 1989. Disorders of transsulfuration. In The Metabolic Basis for Inherited Disease. 6th edit. C. R. Scriver, A. L. Beadet, W. S. Sly & D. Valk, Eds.: 693-734. McGraw Hill. New York.
15. MUDD, S. H., B. W. UTILENDORF, J. M. FREEMAN et al. 1972. Homocystinuria associated with decreased methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase activity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 46: 905-912.
16. KANG, S. S., J. ZHOU, P. W. K. WONG et al. 1988. A thermolabile variant of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Metabolism 37: 611-613.
17. GOYETTE, P., J. S. SUMNER, R. MILOS et al. 1994. Human methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase: isolation of cDNA mapping and mutation identification. Nat. Genet. 7: 195-200.
18. SELHUB, J., P. F. JACQUES, P. W. WILSON et al. 1993. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocyst(e)inemia in an elderly population. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 270: 2693-2698.
19. BRATTSTROM, L., B. ISRAELSON, B. NORRVING et al. 1990. Impaired homocyst(e)ine metabolism in early-onset cerebral and peripheral occlusive arterial disease: effects of pyridoxine and folic acid treatment. Atherosclerosis 81: 51-60.
20. UBBINK, J. B., W. J. VERMAAK, A. VAN DER MERWE & P. J. BECHER. 1993. Vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate nutritional status in men with hyperhomocyst(e)inemia. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57: 47-53.
21. VELURY, S. & S. B. HOWELL. 1988. Measurement of plasma thiols after derivatization with monobromobimane. J. Chromatogr. 424: 141-146.
22. ANDERSSON, A., A. LINDGREN & B. HULTBERG. 1995. Effect of thiol oxidation and thiol export from erythrocytes on determination of redox status of homocyst(e)ine and other thiols in plasma from healthy subjects and patients with cerebral infarction. Clin. Chem. 41(3): 361-366.
23. WALL, R. T., J. M. HORLAN, L. A. HARKER & G. E. STRIKER. 1980. Homocyst(e)ine-induced endothelial cell injury in vitro: a model for the study of vascular injury. Thromb. Res. 18: 113-121.
24. DE GROOT, P. G., C. WILLEMS, G. H. J. BOERS et al. 1983. Endothelial cell dysfunction in homocystinuria. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 13: 405-410.
25. UELAND, P. M. 1995. Homocysteine species as components of plasma redox thiol status. Clin. Chem. 41(3): 340-342.
26. MANSOOR, M. A., C. BERGMARK, A. M. SVARDAL et al. 1995. Redox status and protein binding of plasma homocyst(e)ine and other aminothtols in patients with early-onset peripheral vascular disease. Arterio. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 15: 232-240.
27. ARAKI, A., Y. SAKO, Y. FUKUSTIMA et al. 1989. Plasma sulfhydryl-containing amino acids in patients with cerebral infarction and in hypertensive subjects. Atherosclerosis 79: 139-146.
28. MISRA, H. P. 1974. Generation of superoxide free radical during the autoxidation of thiols. J. Biol. Chem. 249: 2151-2155.
29. ROWLEY, D. A. & B. HALLIWELL. 1982. Superoxide-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of thiol compounds. FEBS Lett. 138: 33-36.
30. HEINECKE, J. W. 1988. Superoxide-mediated oxidation of low density lipoproteins by thiols. In Oxy-radicals in Molecular Biology and Pathology. P. A. Cerutti, J. M. Cerutti, I. McCord & I. Fridovich, Eds.: 433-457. Alan R. Liss. New York.
31. KANNEL, W. B. & P. A. SYTKOWSKI. 1987. Atherosclerotic risk factors. Pharmacol. Ther. 32: 207-235.
32. HEINECKE, J. W., H. ROSEN, L. A. SUZUKI et al. 1987. The role of sulfur-containing amino acids in superoxide production and modification of low density lipoprotein by arterial smooth muscle cells. J. Biol. Chem. 262: 10098-10103.
33. KANG, S. S. P., W. K. WONG, H. Y. COOK et al. 1986. Protein-bound homocyst(e)ine: a possible risk factor for coronary artery disease. J. Clin. Invest. 77: 1482-1486.
34. MCCULLY, K. S. 1971. Homocyst(e)ine metabolism in scurvy, growth, and atherosclerosis. Nature (London) 231: 391-392.
35. REFSUM, H., S. HELLAND & P. M. UELAND. 1985. Radioenzyme determinations of homocyst(e)ine in plasma and urine. Clin. Chem. 31: 624-628.
36. SPINDEL, E. & K. S. MCCULLY. 1974. Conversion of methonine to homocyst(e)ine thiolactone in liver. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 343: 687-691.
37. STAMLER, J. S., D. I. SIMON, J. A. OSBORNE et al. 1992. S-nitrosylation of proteins with nitric oxide: synthesis and characterization of biologically active compounds. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 89: 444-448.
38. UPCHURCH, G. R., G. N. WELCH, A. J. FABIAN et al. 1995. Stimulation of nitric oxide production by endothelial cells detoxifies homocyst(e)ine. Blood 86(10): 378a.
39. JIA, L. & R. F. FURCHGOTT. 1993. Inhibition by sulphydryl compounds of vascular relaxation induced by nitric oxide and endothelium-derived relaxing factor. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 218: 739-749.
40. SAEZ, G., P. J. THORNALLEY, H. A. HILL et al. 1982. The production of free radicals during the autoxidation of cysteine and their effect on isolated rat hepatocytes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 719: 24-31.
41. BERMAN, R. S. & W. MARTIN. 1993. Arterial endothelial barrier dysfunction: actions of homocyst(e)ine and the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase free radical generating system. Br. J. Pharmacol. 108: 920-926.
42. JONES, B. G., F. A. ROSE & N. TUDBALL. 1995. Lipid peroxidation and homocyst(e)ine induced toxicity. Atherosclerosis 105: 164-170.
43. AVISSAR, N. J. C., P. Z. WHITIN, I. S. ANNEN et al. 1989. Antihuman plasma glutathione peroxidase antibodies: immunologic investigations to determine plasma glutathione peroxidase protein and selenium content in plasma. Blood 73: 318-323.
44. FREEDMAN, J. E., B. FREI, G. N. WELCH et al. 1995. Glutathione peroxidase potentiates the inhibition of platelet function by S-nitrosothiols. J. Clin. Invest. 96: 394-400.
45. UPCHURCH, G. R., G. N. WELCH, J. E. FREEDMAN & J. LOSCALZO. 1995. Homocyst(e)ine attenuates endothelial glutathione peroxidase and thereby potentiates peroxide-mediated cell injury. Circulation 92: 1228.
46. TATE, S. S. & A. MEISTER. 1974. The reaction of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase with amino acids, dipeptides, and derivatives and analogues of glutathione. J. Biol. Chem. 249: 7593-7602.
47. GILBERT, H. F. 1995. Thiol/disulfide exchange equilibria and disulfide bond stability. Meth. Enzymol. 251: 8-28.
48. WELCH, G. N., G. R. UPCHURCH, J. F. KEANEY, JR. & J. LOSCALZO. 1996. Homocysteine decreases cell redox potential in vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 27: 163A.
49. HARKER, L. A., S. J. SLICHTER, C. R. SCOTT & R. ROSS. 1974. Homocystinemia: vascular injury and arterial thrombosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 291: 537-543.
50. HARKER, L. A., R. ROSS, S. J. SLICHTER & C. R. SCOTT. 1976. Homocystine-induced arteriosclerosis. The role of endothelial cell injury and platelet response in its genesis. J. Clin. Invest. 58: 731-741.
51. JAMES, T. N. 1990. The spectrum of diseases of the small coronary arteries and their physiologic consequences. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 15: 763-774.
52. RATNOFF, O. D. 1968. Activation of Hageman factor by L-homocystine. Science 162: 1007-1009.
53. NISHINAGA, M., T. OZAWA & K. SHIMADA. 1993. Homocyst(e)ine, a thrombogenic agent, suppresses anticoagulant heparan sulfate expression in cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells. J. Clin. Invest. 92: 1381-1386.
54. HAYASHI, T., G. HONDA & K. SUZUKI. 1992. An atherogenic stimulus homocyst(e)ine inhibits cofactor activity of thrombomodulin and enhances thrombomodulin expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Blood 79: 2930-2936.
55. HARKER, L. A., J. M. HARLAU & R. ROSS. 1983. Effect of sulfinpyraizone on homocyst(e)ine-induced endothelial injury and arteriosclerosis in baboons. Circ. Res. 53: 731-739.
56. TSAI, J-C., M. A. PERRELLA, M. YOSHIZUMI et al. 1994. Promotion of vascular smooth muscle cell growth by homocyst(e)ine: a link to atherosclerosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 91: 6369-6373.
57. GARG, U. D. & A. HASSID. 1989. Nitric oxide-generating vasodilators and 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate inhibit mitogenesis and proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Clin. Invest. 93: 1774-1777.
58. MARKS, D. S., J. A. VITA, J. D. FOLTS, J. F. KEANEY, JR., G. N. WELCH & J. LOSCALZO. 1995. Inhibition of neointimal proliferation in rabbits following vascular injury by a single treatment with a protein adduct of nitric oxide. J. Clin. Invest. 96: 141-149.
59. GROBE, H. & L. BALLEISEN. 1983. Thromboembolic vessel disease in homocystinuria. In The Thromboembolic Disorders. J. Van de Loo, C. R. M. Prentice & F. K. Beller, Eds.: 513-522. F. K. Schattauer Verlag. New York.
60. MUDD, S. H. & H. L. LEVY. 1983. Disorders of transsulfuration. In The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease. J. B. Stanbury, J. B. Wingaarden, D. S. Fredrickson, J. L. Goldstein, M. S. Brown, Eds.: 522-559. McGraw-Hill. New York.
61. BOERS, G. H. J., A. G. SMALS & F. J. TRIJBELS. 1985. Heterozygosity for homocystinuria in premature peripheral and cerebral occlusive arterial disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 313: 709-715.
62. MURPHY-CHUTORIAN, D. R., M. P. WEXMAN & A. J. GRIECO. 1985. Methionine intolerance: A possible risk factor for coronary artery disease. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 6: 725-730.
63. WILCKEN, D. E. L., G. S. REDDY & V. J. GUPTA. 1983. Homocyst(e)inemia, ischemic heart disease and the carrier state for homocystinuria. Metabolism 32: 363-370.
64. BRATTSTROM, L. E., J. E. HARDEBO & B. L. HULTBERG. 1984. Moderate homocyst(e)inemia - A possible risk factor for arteriosclerotic cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 15: 55-59.
65. WILCKEN, D. E. L. & B. WILCKEN. 1976. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. A possible role for methionine metabolism. J. Clin. Invest. 57: 1079-1082.