Techniques of advanced light microscopy and their applications to morphological analysis of human extra-embryonic membranes

Microscopy Research and Technique

Volumn 38, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 153-164

  Ockleford, C D ^a   Mongan, L C ^a,b   Hubbard, A R D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b MRC TOXICOLOGY UNIT   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Amnion; Confocal microscopy; Fetal membranes; Fluorescence microscopy; Immunocytochemistry; Placenta

Indexed keywords

FLUORESCENCE; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; MEMBRANES; MICROSCOPES; OPTICAL DATA PROCESSING; TISSUE;

AMNION; DIGITAL IMAGE; DIGITAL IMAGING PROCESSING; EMBRYONICS; FETAL MEMBRANES; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; LASER ILLUMINATION; LIGHT MICROSCOPES; MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; PLACENTA;

FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY;

AMNION; ARTICLE; CHORION; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; FETUS MEMBRANE; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMAGING; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TECHNIQUE;

EID: 0030741875     PISSN: 1059910X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19970701/15)38:1/2<153::AID-JEMT16>3.0.CO;2-O     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Abbe, E. (1884) A note on the proper definition of the amplifying power of a lens system. J. Roy. Microscop. Soc., 4:348-351.
2. Addai, F.K., and Ockleford, C.D. (1994) The mode of insertion of the umbilical cord and vessels; association with maternal haemoglobin genotype, neonatal factors and placental component volumes. Anatomy and Embryology, 189:107-114.
3. Aherne, W., and Dunnill, M.S. (1966) Morphometry of the human placenta. Br. Med. Bull., 22:5-8.
4. Bradbury, F.M., and Ockleford, C.D. (1990) A confocal and conventional epifluorescence microscope study of the intermediate filaments in chorionic villi. J. Anat., 169:173-187.
5. Brakenhoff, G.J., van der Voort, H.T.M., van Spronsen, E.A., Linnemans, W.A.M., and Nanninga, N. (1985) Three dimensional chromatin distribution in neuroblastoma nuclei shown by confocal scanning laser microscopy. Nature, 317:48-749.
6. Bright, N.A., and Ockleford, C.D. (1994) Heterogeneity of Fcτ receptors in human term amniochorion. Placenta, 15:247-255.
7. Burton, G.J. (1987) The fine structure of human placenta as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Scanning Microsc., 1:1811-1828.
8. Byrd, N.A., Bright, N., and Ockleford, C.D. (1994) Dual channel localisation of a6b4 integrin and type VII collagen in human term amniochorion. J. Anat., 185:710.
9. Carlsson, K., Danielsson, P., Lenz, R., Liljeborg, A., Majlöf L., and Åslund, N. (1985) Three-dimensional microscopy using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Opt. Lett., 10:53-55.
10. Cruz-Orive L.M., and Weibel, E.R. (1990) Recent stereological methods for cell biology: A brief survey. Am. J. Physiology, 258:148-156.
11. Dearden, L., and Ockleford, C.D. (1983) Structure of human trophoblast: Correlation with function. In: Biology of Trophoblast. Y.W. Loke and A. Whyte, eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 69-110.
12. Egger, M.D., and Petráň, M., (1967) New reflected light microscope for viewing unstained brain and ganglion cells. Science, 157:305-307.
13. Fawthrop, R., and Ockleford, C.D. (1994) Cryofracture of human term amniochorion. Cell and Tissue Research, 217:315-323.
14. Gratton, E, and vandeVen, M.J. (1989) Laser sources for confocal microscopy. In: The Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy. J. Pawley, ed. Madison, WI: IMR Press, pp. 47-59.
15. Gundersen, H.J.G., and Jensen, E.B. (1987) The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology and its prediction. J. Microsc., 147:229-263.
16. Howard, C.V., Jolleys, G., Stacey, D., Fowler, A., Wallen, P., and Browne, M.A. (1993) Measurement of total neuronal volume, surface area and dendritic length following intracellular physiological recording. Neuroprotocols: Companion Methods Neurose., 2:113-120.
17. Inoué, S. (1989) Foundations of confocal scanned imaging in light microscopy. In: The Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy. J. Pawley, ed. Madison, WI: IMR Press, pp. 1-13.
18. Karimu, A.L., and Burton, G.J. (1994) The effects of maternal vascular pressure on the dimensions of the placental capillaries. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 101:57-63.
19. Kertschanska, S., Kosanke, and Kaufmann, P. (1997) Pressure dependence of so-called transtrophoblastic channels during fetal perfusion of human placental villi. Chap. 5 "Placenta-Comparative and Functional Morphology by Different Methodological Approaches" in Special Issue 1 of Microscopic Research and Technique, 38:52-62.
20. Loke, Y.W. (1983) Human trophoblast in culture. In: Biology of Trophoblast. Y.W. Loke and A. Whyte, eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 663-701.
21. Malak, T., Ockleford, C.D., Bell, S.B., Dalgliesh, R., and MacVicar, J. (1993) The extracellular matrix of human fetal membranes: Confocal laser scanning immunofluorescence microscopic localisation of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI. Placenta, 14:385-486.
22. Mayhew, T.M. (1992) The structural basis of oxygen diffusion in the human placenta. In: Oxygen Transport in Biological Systems. Modelling of Pathways From Environment to Cell. Society for Experimental Biology Seminar Series 51, ed. S. Egginton and H.F. Ross. Cambridge University Press, pp. 79-101.
23. Minsky, M., Microscopy apparatus. U.S. Patent No. 3013467, 1957.
24. Nanaev, A.K., Rukosuev, V.S., Shirinsky, P., Domogatsky, S.P., Duance, V.C., Bradbury, F.M., Yarrow, P., Gardiner, L., d'Lacey, C., and Ockleford, C.D. (1991) Confocal and conventional immunofluorescent and immunogold electron microscopic localisation of collagen types III and IV in human placenta. Placenta, 12:573-595.
25. Nellist, P.D., McCallum, B.C., and Rodenburg, J.M. (1995) Resolution beyond the "information limit" in transmission electron microscopy. Nature, 374:630-632.
26. Niblack, W. (1986) An Introduction to Digital Image Processing. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, International, pp. 1-255.
27. Nipkow P., German Patent No. 30105, 1884.
28. Nomarski, G. (1955) Microinterféromètre différentiel à ondes polarisées. J. Phys. Radium, 16:S9-S13.
29. Ockleford, C.D. (1990a) An Atlas of Antigens. London: Macmillan; New York: Stockton Press, pp. 1-323.
30. Ockleford, C.D. (1990b) A quantitative interference light microscope study of human first trimester chorionic villi. J. Microscopy, 157:225-237.
31. Ockleford, C.D., (1995) The confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Editorial Journal of Pathology, 176:1-2.
32. Ockleford, C.D., and Dearden, L. (1984) The acquisition of immunity by the fetus. In: Immunological Aspects of Reproduction in Mammals. D.B. Crighton, ed. London: Butterworths, pp. 251-263.
33. Ockleford, C.D., Hsi B-L., Wakely, J., Badley, R.A., Whyte, A., and Page Faulk, W. (1981) Propidium iodide as a nuclear marker in immunofluorescence. 1. Use with tissue and cytoskeleton studies. J. Immunol. Methods, 43:261-267.
34. Ockleford, C.D., Wakely, J., and Badley, R.A. (1981) Morphogenesis of human placental chorionic villi: Cytoskeletal, syncytioskeletal and extracellular matrix proteins. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B., 212:305-316.
35. Ockleford, C.D., Bright, N., Hubbard, A., d'Lacey, C., Smith, J., Gardiner, L., Sheikh, T., Albentosa, M., and Turtle, K. (1993a) Micro-trabeculae, macro-plaques or mini-basement membranes in human term fetal membranes. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., 342:121-136.
36. Ockleford, C.D., Malak, T., Hubbard, A., Bracken, K., Burton, S-A., Bright, N.A., Blakey, G., Goodliffe, J., Garrod, D., and d'Lacey, C. (1993b) Confocal and conventional immunofluorescence and ultra-structural localisation of intracellular strength-giving components of human amniochorion. J. Anat., 183:483-505.
37. Ockleford, C.D., McCracken, S.A., Rimmington, L.A., Hubbard, A.R.D., Bright, N.A., Jefferson, T.B., and d'Lacey, C. (1993c) Vertical integration of amnion layers by type VII collagen rivets. J. Pathol., 170:144.
38. Ockleford, C.D., McCracken, S.A., Rimmington, L.A., Hubbard, A.R.D., Bright, N.A., Jefferson, T.B., and d'Lacey, C. (1993d) Type IV collagen may integrate amnion layers in association with type VII collagen rivets. J. Anat., 184:191.
39. Panigel, M. (1986) Anatomy and morphology. In: The Human Placenta: Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology 13, 3. T. Chard, ed. London: WB Saunders, pp. 421-445.
40. Puppels, G.J., de Mul, F.F.M., Otto, C., Greve, J., Robert-Nicoud, M., Arndt-Jovin D.J., and Jovin, T.M. (1990) Studying single living cells and chromosomes by confocal laser Raman microspectroscopy. Nature, 347:301-303.
41. Sarafis, V. (1990) Biological perspectives of confocal microscopy. In: Confocal Microscopy, T. Wilson, ed. London: Academic Press, pp. 325-337.
42. Suzuki, T., and Hirokawa, Y. (1986) Development of a real time scanning laser microscope for biological use. Appl. Optics, 25:4115-4121.
43. Waggoner, A., DeBasio, R., Conrad, P., Bright, G.R., Ernst, L., Ryan, K., Nederlof, M., Taylor, D. (1989) Multiple spectral parameter parameter imaging. Meth. Cell Biol., 30:449-478.
44. Wetzels, R.H.W., Robben, H.C.M., Leigh, I.M., Schaafsma, H.E., Vooijs, G.P., and Raemakers, F.C.S. (1991) Distribution patterns of type VII collagen in normal and malignant human tissues. Am. J. Path., 139:451-459.
45. White, J.G., Amos, W.B., and Fordham, M. (1987) An evaluation of confocal versus conventional imaging of biological structures by fluorescence light microscopy. J. Cell Biol., 105:41-48.
46. Wilson, T. (1990) Confocal microscopy. In: Confocal Microscopy. T. Wilson, ed. London: Academic Press, pp. 1-64.
47. Young, J.Z., and Roberts, F. (1951) A flying spot microscope. Nature, 167:231.