메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 2-29

Review of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) manufacture and its characteristics as a fuel additive

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FUEL ADDITIVES; GASOLINE; GLYCOLS; LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS; PROPYLENE; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

EID: 0030736233     PISSN: 08870624     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ef9600974     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (897)

References (146)
  • 1
    • 85033159024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PERP Report, Chem. Systems Inc. 90S7, "DMC via Ethylene Carbonate"; December 1991
    • PERP Report, Chem. Systems Inc. 90S7, "DMC via Ethylene Carbonate"; December 1991.
  • 2
    • 85033164672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,663,447; "Process for the Hydrolysis of Dialkyl Carbonates"; 1987
    • US Patent 4,663,447; Crandall, J. W., et al. "Process for the Hydrolysis of Dialkyl Carbonates"; 1987.
    • Crandall, J.W.1
  • 3
    • 85033162432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 2,331,386; "Modified Fuel"; assigned to Standard Oil Development Co.; 1943
    • US Patent 2,331,386; Gaylor, P. J. "Modified Fuel"; assigned to Standard Oil Development Co.; 1943.
    • Gaylor, P.J.1
  • 4
    • 85033160941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 82,688; "Fuel Composition"; assigned to BP; 1982
    • EP Patent 82,688; Bretherick, L. "Fuel Composition"; assigned to BP; 1982.
    • Bretherick, L.1
  • 6
    • 85033187782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 98,691; "Fuel Composition"; assigned to ICI; 1983
    • EP Patent 98,691; Short, G. D. "Fuel Composition"; assigned to ICI; 1983.
    • Short, G.D.1
  • 7
    • 85033187122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,600,408: "Gasoline Compositions Containing Carbonates"; assigned to Union Oil; 1986
    • US Patent 4,600,408: Jessup, P. J.; Brass, S. G.; Croudace, M. C. "Gasoline Compositions Containing Carbonates"; assigned to Union Oil; 1986.
    • Jessup, P.J.1    Brass, S.G.2    Croudace, M.C.3
  • 8
    • 85033178067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,380,455; "Dialkyl Carbonates as Phase Separation Inhibitors in Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel and Ethanol Mixtures"; assigned to Dow; 1983
    • US Patent 4,380,455; Smith, H. A. "Dialkyl Carbonates as Phase Separation Inhibitors in Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel and Ethanol Mixtures"; assigned to Dow; 1983.
    • Smith, H.A.1
  • 9
    • 85033173164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,891,049; "Hydrocarbon Fuel Composition Containing Carbonate Additive"; assigned to Unocal; 1990
    • US Patent 4,891,049; Dillon, D. M.; Iwamoto, R. Y. "Hydrocarbon Fuel Composition Containing Carbonate Additive"; assigned to Unocal; 1990.
    • Dillon, D.M.1    Iwamoto, R.Y.2
  • 10
    • 85033174992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,904,279; "Hydrocarbon Fuel Composition Containing Carbonate and Dicarbonate Additives"; assigned to Union Oil; 1990
    • US Patent 4,904,279; Kanne, D. M.; Iwamoto, R. Y. "Hydrocarbon Fuel Composition Containing Carbonate and Dicarbonate Additives"; assigned to Union Oil; 1990.
    • Kanne, D.M.1    Iwamoto, R.Y.2
  • 11
    • 85033184318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Japanese Patent Sho 61[1986]-207496; "Fuel for Internal Combustion Engine"; assigned to Toyo Soda Industry; 1986
    • Japanese Patent Sho 61[1986]-207496; Imoura, S.; Matsushita, D. "Fuel for Internal Combustion Engine"; assigned to Toyo Soda Industry; 1986.
    • Imoura, S.1    Matsushita, D.2
  • 12
    • 0002751604 scopus 로고
    • DMC: A New Building Block for Organic Chemicals Production
    • Mauri, M. M.; Romano, U.; Rivetti, F. DMC: A New Building Block for Organic Chemicals Production. Ind. Chim. Ital. 1985, 27(1-3), 6-12.
    • (1985) Ind. Chim. Ital. , vol.27 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 6-12
    • Mauri, M.M.1    Romano, U.2    Rivetti, F.3
  • 14
    • 85033175560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 3,114,762. "Preparation of Carbonates"; assigned to NDCC; 12/17/63
    • US Patent 3,114,762. Mador, I. L.; Blackham, A. U. "Preparation of Carbonates"; assigned to NDCC; 12/17/63.
    • Mador, I.L.1    Blackham, A.U.2
  • 15
    • 33847805224 scopus 로고
    • Noble Metal Catalysis, III: Preparation of Dialkyl Oxalates by Oxidative Carbonylation; Union Oil
    • Fenton, D. M.; Steinward, P. J. Noble Metal Catalysis, III: Preparation of Dialkyl Oxalates by Oxidative Carbonylation; Union Oil. J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 701-4.
    • (1974) J. Org. Chem. , vol.39 , pp. 701-704
    • Fenton, D.M.1    Steinward, P.J.2
  • 16
    • 85033169185 scopus 로고
    • The Synthesis of Carbonates
    • Keim, W., Ed.
    • 1 Chemistry; Keim, W., Ed.; 1983; pp 165-6.
    • (1983) 1 Chemistry , pp. 165-166
    • Romano, U.1
  • 17
    • 0000341223 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol Carbonylation with Pd(II) Complexes, Effects of Ligands, CO Pressure and Added Bases
    • Rivetti, F.; Romano, U. Alcohol Carbonylation with Pd(II) Complexes, Effects of Ligands, CO Pressure and Added Bases. J. Organomet. Chem. 1979, 174, 221-226.
    • (1979) J. Organomet. Chem. , vol.174 , pp. 221-226
    • Rivetti, F.1    Romano, U.2
  • 20
    • 0001539714 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics & Mechanism of the Reaction between CO and Cu (II) in Aqueous Solution
    • Byerley, J. J.; Peters, E. Kinetics & Mechanism of the Reaction Between CO and Cu (II) in Aqueous Solution. Can. J. Chem. 1968, 47, 313-321.
    • (1968) Can. J. Chem. , vol.47 , pp. 313-321
    • Byerley, J.J.1    Peters, E.2
  • 21
    • 0001486678 scopus 로고
    • DMC and Its Production Technology
    • Romano, U. DMC and Its Production Technology. Chim. Ind. (Milan) 1993, 75(4), 303-6.
    • (1993) Chim. Ind. (Milan) , vol.75 , Issue.4 , pp. 303-306
    • Romano, U.1
  • 22
    • 85033164056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,318,862; "Process for Producing Dimethylcarbonate"; assigned to ENIChem; 1982
    • US Patent 4,318,862; Romano, U.; Vimercate, F.; Rivetti, S.; Nicola Di Muzio, P. "Process for Producing Dimethylcarbonate"; assigned to ENIChem; 1982.
    • Romano, U.1    Vimercate, F.2    Rivetti, S.3    Nicola Di Muzio, P.4
  • 23
    • 85033160520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 365,083; "Continuous Process for Preparing Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem; 1989
    • EP Patent 365,083; Romano, U. "Continuous Process for Preparing Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem; 1989.
    • Romano, U.1
  • 24
    • 85033177640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,218,391; "Method for the Preparation of Esters of Carbonic Acid"; assigned to ENIChem; 1980
    • US Patent 4,218,391; Romano, U.; Tesei, R.; Ciprianni, G.; Micucci, L. "Method for the Preparation of Esters of Carbonic Acid"; assigned to ENIChem; 1980.
    • Romano, U.1    Tesei, R.2    Ciprianni, G.3    Micucci, L.4
  • 25
    • 85033159887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 460,732; "Process for Producing DMC"; assigned to ENIChem; 1991
    • EP Patent 460,732; Di Muzio, N.; Fusi, C.; Rivetti, F.; Sasselli, G. "Process for Producing DMC"; assigned to ENIChem; 1991.
    • Di Muzio, N.1    Fusi, C.2    Rivetti, F.3    Sasselli, G.4
  • 26
    • 85033172478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 534,545; "Procedure for the Production of Alkyl Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis S.p.A.; 1993
    • EP Patent 534,545; Rivetti, F.; Romano, U. "Procedure for the Production of Alkyl Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis S.p.A.; 1993.
    • Rivetti, F.1    Romano, U.2
  • 27
    • 85033164105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 460,735; "Process for Producing DMC and Apparatus Suitable for Such Purpose"; assigned to ENIChem; 1991
    • EP Patent 460,735; Paret, G.; Donati, G.; Ghirardini, M. "Process for Producing DMC and Apparatus Suitable for Such Purpose"; assigned to ENIChem; 1991.
    • Paret, G.1    Donati, G.2    Ghirardini, M.3
  • 28
    • 85033163766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2O"; assigned to ENIChem (Snamprogetti); 1976
    • 2O"; assigned to ENIChem (Snamprogetti); 1976.
    • Ginnasi, A.1    Passoni, G.2
  • 29
    • 85033182982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,360,477; "Carbonylation of Alkanols"; assigned to GE; 1982
    • US Patent 4,360,477; Hallgren, J. E.; Lucas, G. M. "Carbonylation of Alkanols"; assigned to GE; 1982.
    • Hallgren, J.E.1    Lucas, G.M.2
  • 30
    • 85033189029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 634,390; "Method for Removing Acid and Saline Contaminants from a Gaseous Stream Leaving a Dimethylcarbonate Synthesis Reactor"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis S.p.A.; 1995
    • EP Patent 634,390; Rivetti, F.; Romano, U.; Garone, G.; Ghirardini, M. "Method for Removing Acid and Saline Contaminants from a Gaseous Stream Leaving a Dimethylcarbonate Synthesis Reactor"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis S.p.A.; 1995.
    • Rivetti, F.1    Romano, U.2    Garone, G.3    Ghirardini, M.4
  • 31
    • 85033166744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,338,878; "Alkyl Carbonate Extraction Process"; assigned to Amoco; 1994
    • US Patent 5,338,878; Pacheco, M. A.; Darrington, F. D.; Hensley, A. L. "Alkyl Carbonate Extraction Process"; assigned to Amoco; 1994.
    • Pacheco, M.A.1    Darrington, F.D.2    Hensley, A.L.3
  • 32
    • 85033176889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,328,615; "Alkyl Carbonate Recovery Process"; assigned to Amoco; 1994
    • US Patent 5,328,615; Pacheco, M. A.; Darrington, F. D. "Alkyl Carbonate Recovery Process"; assigned to Amoco; 1994.
    • Pacheco, M.A.1    Darrington, F.D.2
  • 33
    • 85033172193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,322,958; "Catalytic Procedure for the Preparation of Organic Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis, S.p.A.; 1994
    • US Patent 5,322,958; Dreoni, D.; Rivetti, F.; Delledonne, D. "Catalytic Procedure for the Preparation of Organic Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis, S.p.A.; 1994.
    • Dreoni, D.1    Rivetti, F.2    Delledonne, D.3
  • 34
    • 85033165538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,395,949; "Process and Catalyst for Preparing Organic Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis, S.p.A.; 1994
    • US Patent 5,395,949; Delledonne, D.; Rivetti, F.; Romano, U. "Process and Catalyst for Preparing Organic Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis, S.p.A.; 1994.
    • Delledonne, D.1    Rivetti, F.2    Romano, U.3
  • 35
    • 85033164853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,457,213; "Catalytic Procedure for the Preparation of Organic Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis, S.p.A.; 1994
    • US Patent 5,457,213; Delledonne, D.; Rivetti, F.; Romano, U. "Catalytic Procedure for the Preparation of Organic Carbonates"; assigned to ENIChem Synthesis, S.p.A.; 1994.
    • Delledonne, D.1    Rivetti, F.2    Romano, U.3
  • 36
    • 85033185494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,229,589; "Process for Preparing a Diester of Oxalic Acid"; Assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1980
    • US Patent 4,229,589; Nishimura, K.; Uchiumi, S.; Fujii, K.; Nishihira, K.; Yamashita, M.; Itatani, H. "Process for Preparing a Diester of Oxalic Acid"; Assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1980.
    • Nishimura, K.1    Uchiumi, S.2    Fujii, K.3    Nishihira, K.4    Yamashita, M.5    Itatani, H.6
  • 37
    • 85033160827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,229,591; "Process for Preparing a Diester of Oxalic Acid in the Gaseous Phase"; assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1980
    • US Patent 4,229,591; Nishimura, K.; Fujii, K.; Nishihira, K.; Uchiumi, S. "Process for Preparing a Diester of Oxalic Acid in the Gaseous Phase"; assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1980.
    • Nishimura, K.1    Fujii, K.2    Nishihira, K.3    Uchiumi, S.4
  • 38
    • 85033176049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,467,109. "Continuous Production of Oxalic Acid Diester from Carbon Monoxide and Nitrous Acid Ester in Vapour Phase Using Platinum Group Catalyst"; assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1984
    • US Patent 4,467,109. "Continuous Production of Oxalic Acid Diester from Carbon Monoxide and Nitrous Acid Ester in Vapour Phase Using Platinum Group Catalyst"; assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1984.
  • 39
    • 85033181511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 56,994; "Oxalic Acid Diester Production by Nitrite Ester Carbonylation Using Platinum Group Metal Catalyst on Silicon Carbide Support"; assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1982
    • EP Patent 56,994; Miyazaki, H.; Shiomi, Y.; Fujitus, S.; Masunaga, K.; Yanagisawa, H. "Oxalic Acid Diester Production by Nitrite Ester Carbonylation Using Platinum Group Metal Catalyst on Silicon Carbide Support"; assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1982.
    • Miyazaki, H.1    Shiomi, Y.2    Fujitus, S.3    Masunaga, K.4    Yanagisawa, H.5
  • 40
    • 85033165109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 425,197; "Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates by Carbonylation of Alkyl Nitrites Over Platinum-contg. Co-catalyst"; assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1991
    • EP Patent 425,197; Nishihira, K.; Mizutare, K.; Tanaka, S. "Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates by Carbonylation of Alkyl Nitrites Over Platinum-contg. Co-catalyst"; assigned to UBE Industries, Ltd.; 1991.
    • Nishihira, K.1    Mizutare, K.2    Tanaka, S.3
  • 41
    • 3743135309 scopus 로고
    • A New Way for Catalytic Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate
    • Zhu, Yong-Boo; Xuan-Zhen, Jiang. A New Way for Catalytic Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate. Chinese Sci. Bull. 1939, 34(10), 875-876.
    • (1939) Chinese Sci. Bull. , vol.34 , Issue.10 , pp. 875-876
    • Zhu, Y.-B.1    Xuan-Zhen, J.2
  • 42
    • 3743116247 scopus 로고
    • Jpn. Chem. Week 1991, 32(1605), 1.
    • (1991) Jpn. Chem. Week , vol.32 , Issue.1605 , pp. 1
  • 43
    • 3743061674 scopus 로고
    • Jpn. Chem. Week 1992, 33(1660), 2.
    • (1992) Jpn. Chem. Week , vol.33 , Issue.1660 , pp. 2
  • 44
    • 85033179247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Process Economics Program, PEP Review 91-1-2, "Dimethyl Carbonate by Vapor-Phase Oxidative Carbonylation," SRI Int.; 1992
    • Process Economics Program, PEP Review 91-1-2, "Dimethyl Carbonate by Vapor-Phase Oxidative Carbonylation," SRI Int.; 1992.
  • 45
    • 85033175120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,292,916; "Method of Producing Carbonic Acid Diester"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1994
    • US Patent 5,292,916; Matsuzaki, T.; Shimamura, T.; Fujitsu, S.; Toriyahara, Y. "Method of Producing Carbonic Acid Diester"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1994.
    • Matsuzaki, T.1    Shimamura, T.2    Fujitsu, S.3    Toriyahara, Y.4
  • 46
    • 85033180978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,426,209; "Process for Preparing Carbonic Diester"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1995
    • US Patent 5,426,209; Manada, N.; Kurafuji, T.; Yamamoto, Y.; Murakami, M. "Process for Preparing Carbonic Diester"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1995.
    • Manada, N.1    Kurafuji, T.2    Yamamoto, Y.3    Murakami, M.4
  • 48
    • 85033166792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,403,949; "Method for Producing Carbonic Diester"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1995
    • US Patent 5,403,949; Manada, N.; Murakami, M.; Abe, K.; Yamamoto, Y.; Kurafuji, T. "Method for Producing Carbonic Diester"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1995.
    • Manada, N.1    Murakami, M.2    Abe, K.3    Yamamoto, Y.4    Kurafuji, T.5
  • 49
    • 85033181728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 655,432; "Process for Continuously Producing Dimethyl Carbonte"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1995
    • EP Patent 655,432; Keigo, N.; Yoshida, S.; Tanaka, S. "Process for Continuously Producing Dimethyl Carbonte"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1995.
    • Keigo, N.1    Yoshida, S.2    Tanaka, S.3
  • 50
    • 85033173987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 655,433; "Process for Continuously Producing Dimethyl Carbonate"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1995
    • EP Patent 655,433; Yoshida, S.; Tanaka, S. "Process for Continuously Producing Dimethyl Carbonate"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1995.
    • Yoshida, S.1    Tanaka, S.2
  • 51
    • 85033166810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,288,894; "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993
    • US Patent 5,288,894; Landscheidt, H.; Wolters, E.; Klausener, A.; Blank, H.; Birkenstock, U. "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993.
    • Landscheidt, H.1    Wolters, E.2    Klausener, A.3    Blank, H.4    Birkenstock, U.5
  • 52
    • 85033164391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,319,124; "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993
    • US Patent 5,319,124; Wolters, E.; Landscheidt, H.; Klausener, A.; Puppe, L. "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993.
    • Wolters, E.1    Landscheidt, H.2    Klausener, A.3    Puppe, L.4
  • 53
    • 85033173738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,360,922; "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993
    • US Patent 5,360,922; Wolters, E.; Landscheidt, H.; Klausener, A.; Puppe, L. "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993.
    • Wolters, E.1    Landscheidt, H.2    Klausener, A.3    Puppe, L.4
  • 54
    • 85033184288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,414,104; "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1994
    • US Patent 5,414,104; Jentsch, J.; Klausener, A.; Landscheidt, H.; Wolters, E.; Zirngiebl, E. "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1994.
    • Jentsch, J.1    Klausener, A.2    Landscheidt, H.3    Wolters, E.4    Zirngiebl, E.5
  • 55
    • 85033173255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,449,806; "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    • US Patent 5,449,806; Klausener, A.; Landscheidt, H.; Langer, R.; Wagner, P. "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft.
    • Klausener, A.1    Landscheidt, H.2    Langer, R.3    Wagner, P.4
  • 56
    • 85033174842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WO Patent 07601; "Catalytic Vapor Phase Process for Producing Dihydrocarbyl Carbonates"; assigned to Dow Chemical Company; 1987
    • WO Patent 07601; Curnutt, G. L. "Catalytic Vapor Phase Process for Producing Dihydrocarbyl Carbonates"; assigned to Dow Chemical Company; 1987.
    • Curnutt, G.L.1
  • 57
    • 85033171203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WO Patent 06526; "Process and Catalyst for Production of Diaryl Carbonates"; assigned to Dow Chemical Company; 1991
    • WO Patent 06526; Harley, D. A.; King, S. T.; Rand, C. L. "Process and Catalyst for Production of Diaryl Carbonates"; assigned to Dow Chemical Company; 1991.
    • Harley, D.A.1    King, S.T.2    Rand, C.L.3
  • 58
    • 85033187374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,625,044; "Process for Preparing Dihydrocarbyl Carbonates Using a Nitrogen-Containing Coordination Compound Supported on Activated Carbon"; assigned to Dow Chemical Company; 1986
    • US Patent 4,625,044; Curnutt, G. L. "Process for Preparing Dihydrocarbyl Carbonates Using a Nitrogen-Containing Coordination Compound Supported on Activated Carbon"; assigned to Dow Chemical Company; 1986.
    • Curnutt, G.L.1
  • 59
    • 85033185484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,004,827; "Catalytic Vapor Phase Process for Producing Dihydrocarbyl Carbonates"; assigned to Dow Chemical Company; 1991
    • US Patent 5,004,827; Curnutt, G. L. "Catalytic Vapor Phase Process for Producing Dihydrocarbyl Carbonates"; assigned to Dow Chemical Company; 1991.
    • Curnutt, G.L.1
  • 60
    • 85033188499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,183,920; "Integrated Process for the Production of Dimethyl Carbonate"; assigned to The Dow Chemical Company; 1992
    • US Patent 5,183,920; Myers, H. D. "Integrated Process for the Production of Dimethyl Carbonate"; assigned to The Dow Chemical Company; 1992.
    • Myers, H.D.1
  • 62
    • 0000629027 scopus 로고
    • The Crystal Structure of Paratacamite
    • Fleet, M. A. The Crystal Structure of Paratacamite. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B 31, 1975, 183-187.
    • (1975) Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B , vol.31 , pp. 183-187
    • Fleet, M.A.1
  • 63
    • 85033166841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JP Patent 2,006,438; "Carbonate Ester Preparation"; assigned to Daicel; 1990
    • JP Patent 2,006,438; "Carbonate Ester Preparation"; assigned to Daicel; 1990.
  • 64
    • 85033161437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 354,970. "Carbonate Ester Preparation"; assigned to Daicel; 1989
    • EP Patent 354,970. Yokota, S.; Tanaka, Y.; Miyake, H. "Carbonate Ester Preparation"; assigned to Daicel; 1989.
    • Yokota, S.1    Tanaka, Y.2    Miyake, H.3
  • 65
    • 85033171563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JP Patent 2,256,651; "Preparation of Carbonic Acid Ester Used for E.G. Polymer"; assigned to Daicel; 1990
    • JP Patent 2,256,651; "Preparation of Carbonic Acid Ester Used for E.G. Polymer"; assigned to Daicel; 1990.
  • 66
    • 85033173106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JP Patent 2,019,347; "Preparation of Dimethyl Carbonate"; assigned to Daicle; 1990
    • JP Patent 2,019,347; "Preparation of Dimethyl Carbonate"; assigned to Daicle; 1990.
  • 67
    • 85033180500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,405,986; "Catalyst and Method for Producing Carbonic Diesters"; assigned to Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.; 1994
    • US Patent 5,405,986; Oda, S.; Ohno, M. "Catalyst and Method for Producing Carbonic Diesters"; assigned to Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.; 1994.
    • Oda, S.1    Ohno, M.2
  • 68
    • 85033171808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 584,785; "Method of Producing Carbonic Diesters"; assigned to Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.; 1994
    • EP Patent 584,785; Horiguchi, A.; Oda, S. "Method of Producing Carbonic Diesters"; assigned to Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.; 1994.
    • Horiguchi, A.1    Oda, S.2
  • 69
    • 85033170880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,233,072; "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993
    • US Patent 5,233,072; Kricfalussy, Z.; Waldmann, H.; Traenckner, H.-J.; Zlokarnik, M.; Schomacker, R. "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993.
    • Kricfalussy, Z.1    Waldmann, H.2    Traenckner, H.-J.3    Zlokarnik, M.4    Schomacker, R.5
  • 70
    • 85033168615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,644,078; Assigned to BP; 1987
    • US Patent 4,644,078; Morris, G. E.; Wainhouse, G. Assigned to BP; 1987.
    • Morris, G.E.1    Wainhouse, G.2
  • 71
    • 85033182014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,689,430; Assigned to BP; 1987
    • US Patent 4,689,430; Morris, G. E.; Wainhouse, G. Assigned to BP; 1987.
    • Morris, G.E.1    Wainhouse, G.2
  • 72
    • 37049078444 scopus 로고
    • Copper Catalyzed Reactions of Di-tertbutyl peroxide: Evidence for Cu(II) Alkoxide Intermediates and a Non-Radical Reaction Mechanism
    • Morris, G. E., et al. Copper Catalyzed Reactions of Di-tertbutyl peroxide: Evidence for Cu(II) Alkoxide Intermediates and a Non-Radical Reaction Mechanism. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 411.
    • (1987) J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. , pp. 411
    • Morris, G.E.1
  • 73
    • 85033162396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,131,521; "Electrochemical Synthesis of Organic Carbonates"; Allied Chemical Company; 1978
    • US Patent 4,131,521; Cipris, D.; Mador, I. L. "Electrochemical Synthesis of Organic Carbonates"; Allied Chemical Company; 1978.
    • Cipris, D.1    Mador, I.L.2
  • 74
    • 85033175495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,310,393; "Electrochemical Carbonate Process"; assigned to GE; 1982
    • US Patent 4,310,393; Bell, R. A. "Electrochemical Carbonate Process"; assigned to GE; 1982.
    • Bell, R.A.1
  • 75
    • 85033165009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,306,947; "Electrochemical Catalytic Carbonate Process"; assigned to GE; 1981
    • US Patent 4,306,947; Bell, R. A. "Electrochemical Catalytic Carbonate Process"; assigned to GE; 1981.
    • Bell, R.A.1
  • 76
    • 0001967967 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of DMC by Electrolytic Carbonylation of Methanol in the Gas Phase
    • Otsuka, K,; Yagi, T.; Yamanaka, I. Synthesis of DMC by Electrolytic Carbonylation of Methanol in the Gas Phase. Chem. Lett. 1994, 3, 495-8.
    • (1994) Chem. Lett. , vol.3 , pp. 495-498
    • Otsuka, K.1    Yagi, T.2    Yamanaka, I.3
  • 78
    • 85033184754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,426,331; "Preparation of Carbonate Esters in the Presence of Sulfones"; assigned to Shell Oil; 1984
    • US Patent 4,426,331; Drent, E. "Preparation of Carbonate Esters in the Presence of Sulfones"; assigned to Shell Oil; 1984.
    • Drent, E.1
  • 79
    • 85033160515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,636,576; "Cyclic Amide Additives for Organic Carbonate Process"; assigned to Texaco; 1987
    • US Patent 4,636,576; Bhattacharya, A. K.; Nolan, J. T. "Cyclic Amide Additives for Organic Carbonate Process"; assigned to Texaco; 1987.
    • Bhattacharya, A.K.1    Nolan, J.T.2
  • 80
    • 85033162727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,638,076; 1987
    • US Patent 4,638,076; Bhattacharya, A. K.; 1987.
    • Bhattacharya, A.K.1
  • 81
    • 85033181583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,761,467; 1988
    • US Patent 4,761,467; Bhattacharya, A. K.; 1988.
    • Bhattacharya, A.K.1
  • 82
    • 85033170460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,785,130; 1988
    • US Patent 4,785,130; Bhattacharya, A. K.; 1988.
    • Bhattacharya, A.K.1
  • 83
    • 85033189274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,879,226; 1989
    • US Patent 4,879,226; Bhattacharya, A. K.; 1989.
    • Bhattacharya, A.K.1
  • 84
    • 85033162034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,001,252; 1991
    • US Patent 5,001,252; Bhattacharya, A. K.; 1991.
    • Bhattacharya, A.K.1
  • 88
    • 0003601534 scopus 로고
    • Merck: New York
    • Merck Index, 9th Ed.; Merck: New York, 1976; p 633.
    • (1976) Merck Index, 9th Ed. , pp. 633
  • 89
    • 85033165379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DE Patent 40,366; Farbenindustrie; 1943
    • DE Patent 40,366; Vierling, K. I. G. Farbenindustrie; 1943.
    • Vierling, K.I.G.1
  • 90
    • 0001288378 scopus 로고
    • Preparation of the Alkylene Carbonates
    • Peppel, W. G. Preparation of the Alkylene Carbonates. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1958, 50, 767.
    • (1958) Ind. Eng. Chem. , vol.50 , pp. 767
    • Peppel, W.G.1
  • 91
    • 85033172573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PERP Report, Chem. Systems Inc., 1980
    • PERP Report, Chem. Systems Inc., 1980.
  • 92
    • 3743151823 scopus 로고
    • Chem. Week, 1986, 66.
    • (1986) Chem. Week , pp. 66
  • 94
    • 33750502393 scopus 로고
    • Propylene Oxide Producers Look for Ways to Counter Sluggish Market
    • Ainsworth, S. J. Propylene Oxide Producers Look for Ways to Counter Sluggish Market. C&E News 1992, 70(9), 9.
    • (1992) C&E News , vol.70 , Issue.9 , pp. 9
    • Ainsworth, S.J.1
  • 95
    • 85033178328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,661,609; "Process for Co-Synthesis of Ethylene Glycol and DMC"; assigned to Texaco; 1987
    • US Patent 4,661,609; Knifton, J. F. "Process for Co-Synthesis of Ethylene Glycol and DMC"; assigned to Texaco; 1987.
    • Knifton, J.F.1
  • 96
    • 85033175336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,691,041; "Process for Production of Ethylene Glycol and Dimethyl Carbonate"; assigned to Texaco; 1986
    • US Patent 4,691,041; Duranleau, R. G.; Nieh, E. C. Y.; Knifton, J. F. "Process for Production of Ethylene Glycol and Dimethyl Carbonate"; assigned to Texaco; 1986.
    • Duranleau, R.G.1    Nieh, E.C.Y.2    Knifton, J.F.3
  • 97
    • 85033182992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,734,518; "Process for Co-Synthesis of Ethylene Glycol and DMC"; assigned to Texaco; 1988
    • US Patent 4,734,518; Knifton, J. F. "Process for Co-Synthesis of Ethylene Glycol and DMC"; assigned to Texaco; 1988.
    • Knifton, J.F.1
  • 98
    • 0026206160 scopus 로고
    • Ethylene Glycol-Dimethyl Carbonate Cogeneration
    • Knifton, J. F.; Duranleau, R. G. Ethylene Glycol-Dimethyl Carbonate Cogeneration. J. Mol. Catal. 1991, 67, 389.
    • (1991) J. Mol. Catal. , vol.67 , pp. 389
    • Knifton, J.F.1    Duranleau, R.G.2
  • 100
    • 85033176327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 3,642,858; "Carbonate Synthesis from Alkylene Carbonates"; assigned to Dow; 1972
    • US Patent 3,642,858; Frevel, L. K.; Gilpin, J. A. "Carbonate Synthesis from Alkylene Carbonates"; assigned to Dow; 1972.
    • Frevel, L.K.1    Gilpin, J.A.2
  • 101
    • 85033186938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,430,170; "Process for Preparing Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.; 1993
    • US Patent 5,430,170; Urano, Y.; Kirishiki, M.; Onda, Y.; Tsuneki, H. "Process for Preparing Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.; 1993.
    • Urano, Y.1    Kirishiki, M.2    Onda, Y.3    Tsuneki, H.4
  • 103
    • 85033170952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,436,362; "Method of Producing Dialkyl-carbonate"; assigned to Chiyoda Corporation; 1993
    • US Patent 5,436,362; Kondoh, T.; Okada, Y.; Tanaka, F.; Asaoka, S.; Yamamoto, S. "Method of Producing Dialkyl-carbonate"; assigned to Chiyoda Corporation; 1993.
    • Kondoh, T.1    Okada, Y.2    Tanaka, F.3    Asaoka, S.4    Yamamoto, S.5
  • 104
    • 85033180416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,231,212; "Process for the Continuous Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993
    • US Patent 5,231,212; Buysch, H.-J.; Klausener, A.; Langer, R.; Mais, F.-J. "Process for the Continuous Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993.
    • Buysch, H.-J.1    Klausener, A.2    Langer, R.3    Mais, F.-J.4
  • 105
    • 85033188996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,489,703; "Reaction Extraction of Alkyl Carbonate"; assigned to Amoco; 1996
    • US Patent 5,489,703; Pacheco, M. A.; Darrington, F. D.; Reier, J. C.; Alexander, B. D. "Reaction Extraction of Alkyl Carbonate"; assigned to Amoco; 1996.
    • Pacheco, M.A.1    Darrington, F.D.2    Reier, J.C.3    Alexander, B.D.4
  • 106
    • 85033181603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,359,118; "Process for the Continous Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1994
    • US Patent 5,359,118; Wagner, P.; Mais, F.-J.; Buysch, H.-J.; Langer, R.; Klausener, A. "Process for the Continous Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1994.
    • Wagner, P.1    Mais, F.-J.2    Buysch, H.-J.3    Langer, R.4    Klausener, A.5
  • 107
    • 85033174430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,218,135; "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993
    • US Patent 5,218,135; Buysch, H.-J.; Klausener, A. "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993.
    • Buysch, H.-J.1    Klausener, A.2
  • 108
    • 85033169629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US 4,325,874; "Process for Producing Alkylene Carbonates"; assigned to Halcon; 1982
    • US 4,325,874; Jacobson, S. E. "Process for Producing Alkylene Carbonates"; assigned to Halcon; 1982.
    • Jacobson, S.E.1
  • 109
    • 85033165714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US 4,483,994; "Process for the Production of Alkylene Carbonates and Oxides"; assigned to Halcon; 1984
    • US 4,483,994; "Process for the Production of Alkylene Carbonates and Oxides"; assigned to Halcon; 1984.
  • 110
    • 85033189217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US 4,483,996; "Process for the Production of Olefin Oxides and Ketones"; assigned to Halcon; 1984
    • US 4,483,996; "Process for the Production of Olefin Oxides and Ketones"; assigned to Halcon; 1984.
  • 111
    • 85033167941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BR 8,400,797; "Alkylene oxides and carbonates from a halogen-free reaction"; assigned to Halcon; 1984
    • BR 8,400,797; Stephen, E. J. "Alkylene oxides and carbonates from a halogen-free reaction"; assigned to Halcon; 1984.
    • Stephen, E.J.1
  • 113
    • 85033159926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 2,834,799; "Methods of Producing Esters of Carbamic and Carbonic Acids"; 1958
    • US Patent 2,834,799; Sowa, F. J. "Methods of Producing Esters of Carbamic and Carbonic Acids"; 1958.
    • Sowa, F.J.1
  • 114
    • 85033189664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,436,668; "Preparation of Carbonates"; BASF; 1984
    • US Patent 4,436,668; Harder, W.; Merger, F.; Towae, F. "Preparation of Carbonates"; BASF; 1984.
    • Harder, W.1    Merger, F.2    Towae, F.3
  • 115
    • 85033162174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EP Patent 638,541; "Process for the Production of Dialkyl Carbonate"; assigned to Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.; 1995
    • EP Patent 638,541; Doya, M.; Kimizuka, K.-L.; Kanbara, Y. "Process for the Production of Dialkyl Carbonate"; assigned to Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.; 1995.
    • Doya, M.1    Kimizuka, K.-L.2    Kanbara, Y.3
  • 116
    • 85033168068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WO Patent 95/17369; "Process for Manufacturing Dialkyl Carbonate from Urea and Alcohol"; assigned to Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.; 1994
    • WO Patent 95/17369; Saleh, R. Y.; Michaelson, R. C.; Suciu, E. N.; Kuhlmann, B. "Process for Manufacturing Dialkyl Carbonate from Urea and Alcohol"; assigned to Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.; 1994.
    • Saleh, R.Y.1    Michaelson, R.C.2    Suciu, E.N.3    Kuhlmann, B.4
  • 119
    • 33845470205 scopus 로고
    • Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates via the Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Alkylation of Alkali Metal Carbonate and Bicarbonate Salts
    • Cella, J. A.; Bacon, S. W. Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates via the Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Alkylation of Alkali Metal Carbonate and Bicarbonate Salts. J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 1122-1125.
    • (1984) J. Org. Chem. , vol.49 , pp. 1122-1125
    • Cella, J.A.1    Bacon, S.W.2
  • 120
    • 85033178873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hungarian Patent 11,211; 1977
    • Hungarian Patent 11,211; 1977.
  • 122
    • 85033184409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 3,227,740; "Preparation of Alkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Union Oil; 1966
    • US Patent 3,227,740; Fenton, D. M. "Preparation of Alkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Union Oil; 1966.
    • Fenton, D.M.1
  • 123
    • 85033168574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 2,379,250; "Preparation of Carbonic Acid Esters"; assigned to PPG; 1945
    • US Patent 2,379,250; Muskat, I. E.; Strain, F. "Preparation of Carbonic Acid Esters"; assigned to PPG; 1945.
    • Muskat, I.E.1    Strain, F.2
  • 125
    • 85033185072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FR Patent 2,163,884; "Continuous Manufacture of Alkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs; 1973
    • FR Patent 2,163,884; "Continuous Manufacture of Alkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs; 1973.
  • 126
    • 85033162967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JP Patent 54,086,020 1979
    • JP Patent 54,086,020 1979.
  • 127
    • 85033170720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JP Patent 81,054,465 1981. "Hydrocarbon Fuel Containing... Volatile Ammonium Compounds"; English Translation of Abstract Only
    • JP Patent 81,054,465 1981. "Hydrocarbon Fuel Containing... Volatile Ammonium Compounds"; English Translation of Abstract Only.
  • 128
    • 85033167670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CA Patent 961,240 (1/21/92). "NOx Removal from Internal Combustion Engine Exhausts..."; based on Abstract only
    • CA Patent 961,240 (1/21/92). "NOx Removal from Internal Combustion Engine Exhausts..."; based on Abstract only.
  • 129
    • 0004275160 scopus 로고
    • Adv. Chem. Series, No. 6; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC
    • Azeotropic Data; Adv. Chem. Series, No. 6; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1952.
    • (1952) Azeotropic Data
  • 130
    • 85033169205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DE Patent 2.607,003; "Recovery of DMC from Its Azeotropic Mixture with Methanol"; assigned to EN-IChem; 1976
    • DE Patent 2.607,003; Romano, U. "Recovery of DMC from Its Azeotropic Mixture with Methanol"; assigned to EN-IChem; 1976.
    • Romano, U.1
  • 131
    • 85033168836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,274,163; "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993
    • US Patent 5,274,163; Rechner, J.; Klausener, A.; Buysch, H.-J.; Wagner, P. "Process for the Preparation of Dialkyl Carbonates"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993.
    • Rechner, J.1    Klausener, A.2    Buysch, H.-J.3    Wagner, P.4
  • 132
    • 85033177118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,162,200; "Preparation of Pure DMC"; assigned to BASF; 1979
    • US Patent 4,162,200; Himmele, W., et al. "Preparation of Pure DMC"; assigned to BASF; 1979.
    • Himmele, W.1
  • 133
    • 85033159935 scopus 로고
    • DE Patent 2,749,756; "Purification of DMC"; assigned to BASF;
    • DE Patent 2,749,756; Fischer, K., et al. "Purification of DMC"; assigned to BASF; 1977.
    • (1977)
    • Fischer, K.1
  • 134
    • 85033159009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DE Patent 2,737,265; "Separation of DMC from its Azeotrope with Methanol"; assigned to Bayer; 1977
    • DE Patent 2,737,265; Buysch, H. J., et al. "Separation of DMC from its Azeotrope with Methanol"; assigned to Bayer; 1977.
    • Buysch, H.J.1
  • 135
    • 85033170257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,292,917; "Process for Purifying DMC"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1993
    • US Patent 5,292,917; Nishihira, K.; Yoshida, S.; Tanaka, S. "Process for Purifying DMC"; assigned to Ube Industries, Ltd.; 1993.
    • Nishihira, K.1    Yoshida, S.2    Tanaka, S.3
  • 136
    • 85033169806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 2,872,478; "Separation of Alcohols and Esters"; assigned to Borden; 1959
    • US Patent 2,872,478; Wechsler, H., et al. "Separation of Alcohols and Esters"; assigned to Borden; 1959.
    • Wechsler, H.1
  • 137
    • 85033179439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,798,674; "Separation of Organic Liquids"; assigned to Texaco; 1989
    • US Patent 4,798,674; Pasternale, M., et al. "Separation of Organic Liquids"; assigned to Texaco; 1989.
    • Pasternale, M.1
  • 138
    • 0024931789 scopus 로고
    • Opportunities for Membranes in the Production of Octane Enhancers
    • Paper No. 64c
    • Shah, V. M., et al. Opportunities for Membranes in the Production of Octane Enhancers. AIChE Symp. Ser. 1989, 85, 272, 93; Paper No. 64c.
    • (1989) AIChE Symp. Ser. , vol.85 , pp. 272
    • Shah, V.M.1
  • 139
    • 85033162963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,360,923; "Process for Separating Off Alkanols, Mixtures of Alkanols and Water or Water Itself from Oxygen-Containing Organic Compounds of Higher Carbon Number"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993
    • US Patent 5,360,923; Nickel, A.; Arlt, W.; Janisch, I.; Wagner, P.; Klausener, A. "Process for Separating Off Alkanols, Mixtures of Alkanols and Water or Water Itself from Oxygen-Containing Organic Compounds of Higher Carbon Number"; assigned to Bayer Aktiengesellschaft; 1993.
    • Nickel, A.1    Arlt, W.2    Janisch, I.3    Wagner, P.4    Klausener, A.5
  • 140
    • 85033185977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 3,803,201; "Synthesis of DMC"; assigned to Dow; 1974
    • US Patent 3,803,201; Gilprin, J. A.; Emmons, A. H. "Synthesis of DMC"; assigned to Dow; 1974.
    • Gilprin, J.A.1    Emmons, A.H.2
  • 141
    • 85033185706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,582,645; "Carbonate Production"; assigned to ICI; 1986
    • US Patent 4,582,645; Spencer, S. S. "Carbonate Production"; assigned to ICI; 1986.
    • Spencer, S.S.1
  • 142
    • 85033188316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 4,600,488; assigned to Unocal; 1986
    • US Patent 4,600,488; Jessup, P. J.; Brass, S. G.; Croudace, M. C., assigned to Unocal; 1986.
    • Jessup, P.J.1    Brass, S.G.2    Croudace, M.C.3
  • 145
    • 0002904207 scopus 로고
    • 2: A Catalytic Species Related to the Copper(II)-Induced Oxidation of Phenols
    • 2: A Catalytic Species Related to the Copper(II)-Induced Oxidation of Phenols. Inorg. Chem. 1983, 22, 326-329.
    • (1983) Inorg. Chem. , vol.22 , pp. 326-329
    • Willett, R.D.1    Breneman, G.L.2
  • 146
    • 85033159199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Patent 5,232,884; "Process for Producing a Carbonic Acid Ester"; assigned to Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.; 1992
    • US Patent 5,232,884; Tanigawa, H. "Process for Producing a Carbonic Acid Ester"; assigned to Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.; 1992.
    • Tanigawa, H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.