Detection of interleukin-6 and interleukin-2 in serum of rhesus monkeys exposed to a nonlethal dose of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B

Military Medicine

Volumn 162, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 612-615

  Krakauer, Teresa ^a   Pitt, Louise ^a   Hunt, Robert E ^a  

^a UNITED STATES ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 6; STAPHYLOCOCCUS ENTEROTOXIN B; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; IMMUNE RESPONSE; NONHUMAN; RHESUS MONKEY; SEPTIC SHOCK;

EID: 0030732635     PISSN: 00264075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/milmed/162.9.612     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Bergdoll MS: Enterotoxins. In Microbial Toxins, Vol III, pp 265-326. Edited by Ajil SJ, Montie TC, Kadis S. London, Academic Press, 1970.
2. Marrack PM, Kappler J: The staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives. Science 1990; 248: 705-11.
3. Alouf JE, Knoll H, Kohler W: The family of mitogenic, shock-inducing and superantigenic toxins from staphylococci and streptococci. In Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins, pp 367-414. Edited by Alouf JE, Freer JH. San Diego, CA, Academic Press, 1991.
4. Johnson HM, Russell JK, Pontzer CH: Staphylococcal enterotoxin microbial superantigens. FASEB J 1991; 5: 2706-12.
5. Cantor H, Crump AL, Raman VK, Liu H, Markowitz JS, Grusby MJ, Glimcher LH: Immunoregulatory effects of superantigens: Interactions of staphylococcal enterotoxins with host MHC and non-MHC products. Immunol Rev 1993; 131: 27-42.
6. Alber G, Hammer DK, Fleischer B: Relationship between enterotoxic and T lymphocyte-stimulating activity of staphylococcal enterotoxin B. J Immunol 1990; 144: 4501-6.
7. Marrack P, Blackman M, Kushnir E, Kappler J: The toxicity of staphylococcal enterotoxin B in mice is mediated by T cells. J Exp Med 1990; 171: 455-64.
8. Miethke T, Wahl C, Heeg K, Echtenacher B, Krammer PH, Wagner H: T cell-mediated lethal shock triggered in mice by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: critical role of tumor necrosis factor. J Exp Med 1992; 175: 91-8.
9. Stiles BG, Bavari S, Krakauer T, Ulrich RG: Toxicity of staphylococcal enterotoxins potentiated by lipopolysaccharide: major histocompatibility complex class II molecules dependency and cytokine release. Infect Immun 1993; 61: 5333-8.
10. Grossman D, Lamphear JG, Mollick JA, Betley MJ, Rich RR: Dual roles for class II major histocompatibility complex molecules in staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced cytokine production and in vivo toxicity. Infect Immun 1992; 60: 5190-6.
11. Mollick JA, Chintagumpala M, Cook RG, Rich RR: Staphylococcal exotoxin activation of T cells. Role of exotoxin-MHC class II binding affinity and class II isotype. J Immunol 1991; 146: 463-8.
12. Herman A, Kappler JW, Marrack P, Pullen AM: Superantigen: mechanism of T cell stimulation and role in immune response. Annu Rev Immunol 1991; 9: 745-72.
13. Grossman D, Cook RG, Sparrow JT, Mollick JA, Rich RR: Dissociation of the stimulatory activities of staphylococcal enterotoxins for T cells and monocytes. J Exp Med 1990; 172: 1831-41.
14. Krakauer T: Differential inhibitory effects of interleukin-10, interleukin-4, and dexamethasone on staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced cytokine production and T cell activation. J Leukocyte Biol; 57: 450-4.
15. Hodoval LF, Morris EL, Crawley GJ, Beisel WR: Pathogenesis of lethal shock after intravenous staphylococcal enterotoxin B in monkeys. Appl Microbiol 1968; 16: 187-92.
16. Micusan W, Thibodeau J: Superantigens of microbial origins. Sem Immunol 1993; 5: 3-12.
17. Mattix ME, Hunt RE, Wilhelmsen CL, Johnson AJ, Baze WB: Aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced pulmonary lesions in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Toxicol Pathol 1995; 23: 6233-9.
18. Besch TK, Ruble DL, Gibbs PH, Pitt MLM: Steady-state minute volume determination by body-only plethysmography in juvenile rhesus monkeys. Lab Anim Sci 1996; 46: 539-44.
19. Krakauer T: A macrophage-derived factor that inhibits the production and action of interleukin 2. J Leukocyte Biol 1985; 38: 429-39.