Predictive toxicodynamics: Empirical/mechanistic approaches

Toxicology in Vitro

Volumn 11, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 465-472

  Frazier, J M ^a  

^a AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CELL DEATH; CYTOTOXICITY; ENZYME ASSAY; LIVER CELL; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; NONHUMAN; RAT; RISK ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY TESTING; TOXICOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; TOXICOLOGY;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0030731289     PISSN: 08872333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0887-2333(97)00073-8     Document Type: Article

References (12)

1. Bischoff K. B. (1987) Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. In Pharmacokinetics in Risk Assessment-Drinking Water and Health. Vol. 8. pp. 36-61. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
2. Clewell H. J. and Andersen M. E. (1987) Dose, species, and route extrapolation using physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. In Pharmacokinetics in Risk Assessment-Drinking Water and Health. Vol. 8. pp. 159-182. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
3. Din W. S. and Frazier J. M. (1985) Protective effect of metallothionein on cadmium toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Biochemical Journal 230, 395-402.
4. Dudley R. E., Svoboda D. J. and Klaassen C. D. (1982) Acute exposure to cadmium causes severe liver injury in rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 65, 302-313.
5. Frazier J. M. (1995) Application of in vitro systems to the prediction of in vivo biokinetics. Toxicology in Vitro 9, 527-536.
6. Moolgavkar S. and Knudson A. (1981) Mutation and cancer: a model for human carcinogenesis. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 66, 1037-1052.
7. Moolgavkar S. and Venson D. (1979) Two-event models for carcinogenesis: Incidence curves for childhood and adult tumors. Mathematical Biosciences 47, 55-57.
8. Portier C. J. and Kopp-Schneider A. (1991) A multistage model of carcinogenesis incorporating DNA damage and repair. Risk Analysis 11, 535-543.
9. Santone K. S., Acosta D. and Bruckner J. V. (1982) Cadmium toxicity in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 10, 169-177.
10. Seglan P. (1976) Preparation of isolated rat liver cells. Methods in Cell Biology 13, 29-83.
11. Stacey N. H., Cantilena L. R. and Klaassen C. D. (1980) Cadmium toxicity and lipid peroxidation in isolated rat hepatocytes. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 53, 470-480.
12. Theocharis S., Margeli A., Fasitsas C., Loizidou M. and Deliconstantinos G. (1991) Acute exposure to cadmium causes time-dependent liver injury in rats. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 99C, 127-130.