Clostridium difficile toxin A binding to human intestinal epithelial cells

Journal of Medical Microbiology

Volumn 46, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 953-958

  Smith, J A ^a   Cooke, D L ^b   Hyde, S ^b   Borriello, S P ^b   Long, R G ^a  

^a NOTTINGHAM CITY HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b QUEEN S MEDICAL CENTRE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBOHYDRATE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE TOXIN A;

ARTICLE; BLOOD GROUP LEWIS SYSTEM; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; COLON MUCOSA; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENDOSCOPIC BIOPSY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; INTESTINE EPITHELIUM CELL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TOXICITY TESTING;

EID: 0030730630     PISSN: 00222615     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1099/00222615-46-11-953     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Borriello SP. Pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile infection of the gut. J Mad Microbiol 1990; 33: 207-215.
2. Johnson S, Clabots CR, Linn FV, Olson MM, Peterson LR, Gerding DN. Nosocomial Clostridium difficile colonisation and disease. Lancet 1990; 336: 97-100.
3. Viscidi R, Willey S, Bartlett JG. Isolation rates and toxigenic potential of Clostridium difficile isolates from various patient populations. Gustroenterology 1981; 81: 5-9.
4. Fiorentini C, Thelestam M. Cloxtridium difficile toxin A and its effects on cells. Toxieon 1991; 29: 543-567.
5. Burakoff R, Zhao L, Celifarco AJ et al. Effects of purified Clostridium difficile toxin A on rabbit distal colon. Gastroenterology 1995; 109: 348-354.
6. Castex F, Jouvert S, Bastide M, Corthier G. Kinetics of appearance of intestinal lesions in mice mono-associated with a lethal or non-lethal strain of Clostridium difficile. J Med Microbiol 1994; 40: 102-109.
7. Eglow R, Pothoulakis C, Itzkowitz S et al. Diminished Clostridium difficile toxin A sensitivity in newborn rabbit ileum is associated with decreased toxin A receptor. J Clin Invest 1992; 90: 822-829.
8. Torres J, Jennische E, Lange S, Lönnroth I. Enterotoxin from Clostridium difficile; diarrhoeogenic potency and morphological effects in the rat intestine. Gut 1990; 31: 781-785.
9. Krivan HC, Clark GF, Smith DF, Wilkins TD. Cell surface binding site for Clostridium difficile enterotoxin: evidence for a glycoconjugate containing the sequence Galα-3Galβl-4GlcNAc. Infect Immun 1986; 53: 573-581.
10. Kamiya S, Reed PJ, Borriello SP. Purification and characterisation of Clostridium difficile toxin A by bovine thyroglobulin affinity chromatography and dissociation in denaturing conditions with and without reduction. J Med Microbiol 1989; 30: 69-77.
11. Galili U, Shohet SB, Kobrin E, Stults CLM, Macher BA. Man, apes, and old world monkeys differ from other mammals in the expression of α-galactosyl epitopes on nucleated cells. J Biol Chem 1988; 263: 17755-17762.
12. Tucker KD, Wilkins TD. Toxin A of Clostridium difficile binds to the human carbohydrate antigens I, X, and Y. Infect Immun 1991; 59: 73-78.
13. Mahida YR, Makh S, Hyde S, Gray T, Borriello SP. Effect of Clastridium difficile toxin A on human intestinal epithelial cells: induction of interleukin 8 production and apoptosis after cell detachment. Gut 1996; 38: 337-347.
14. Smith JA, Griffin M, Mireylees SE, Long RG. Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide on cyclic adenosine monophos- phate production in enterocytes isolated from human duodenal biopsy specimens, Gut 1990; 31: 1350-1354.
15. Pinkus LM, Sulimovivi S, Susser FI, Roginsky MS. Involvement of calmodulin in the regulation of adenylate cyclase activity in guinea-pig enterocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1983; 762: 552-559.
16. Kamiya S, Borriello SP. A non-haemagglutinating form of Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Med Microbiol 1992; 36: 190-197.
17. Borriello SP, Barclay FE, Reed PJ, Welsh AR, Brown JD, Burdon DW. Analysis of latex agglutination test for Clostridium difficile toxin A (D-1) and differentiation between C. difficile toxins A and B and latex reactive protein. J Clin Pathol 1987; 40: 573-580.
18. Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Eglow R et al. Characterization of rabbit ileal receptors for Clostridium difficile toxin A. Evidence for a receptor-coupled G protein. J Clin Invest 1991; 88: 119-125.
19. Li Y-T, Li S-C. Use of enzymes in elucidation of structure. In: Horowitz MI, Pigman W (eds) The glycoconjugates, vol I. New York, Academic Press. 1977: 51-67.
20. Tsai C-M, Zopf DA, Ginsburg V. The molecular basis for cold agglutination: effect of receptor density upon thermal amplitude of a cold agglutinin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1978; 80: 905-910.
21. von Eichel-Streiber C, Boquet P, Sauerborn M, Thelestam M. Large clostridial cytotoxins - a family of glycosyltransferases modifying small GTP-binding proteins. Trends Microbiol 1996; 4: 375-382.
22. Schwartz AL. Receptor cell biology: receptor-mediated endocytosis. Pediatr Res 1995; 38: 835-843.
23. Taylor RH, Borriello SP, Taylor AJ, Isolation of Clostridium difficile from the small bowel. BMJ 1981; 283: 412.
24. Testore GP, Nardi F, Babudieri S, Giuliano M, Di Rosa R, Panichi G. Isolation of Clostridium difficile from human jejunum: identification of a reservoir for disease? J Clin Pathol 1986; 39: 861-862.
25. Tsutaoka B, Hansen J, Johnson D, Holodniy M. Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous enteritis due to Clostridium difficile. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 18: 982-984.
26. Pothoulakis C, Gilbert RJ, Cladaras C et al. Rabbit sucraseisomaltase contains a functional intestinal receptor for Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Clin Invest 1996; 98: 641-649.
27. von Eichel-Streiber C, Sauerborn M, Kuramitsu HK. Evidence for a modular structure of the homologous repetitive C-terminal carbohydrate-binding sites of Clostridium difficile toxins and Streptococcus mutons glucosyltransferases. J Bacteriol 1992; 174: 6707-6710.
28. Tucker KD, Carrig PE, Wilkins TD. Toxin A of Clostridium difficile is a potent cytotoxin. J Clin Microbiol 1990; 28: 869-871.
29. Holgersson J, Breimer ME, Samuelsson BE. Basic biochemistry of cell-surface carbohydrates and aspects of the tissue distribution of histoblood group ABH and related glycolipids. APMIS 1992; 100(S27): 18-27.
30. Gahmberg CG, Tolvanen M. Why mammalian cell surface proteins are glycoproteins. Trends Biochem Sci 1996; 21: 308-311.