Seed weight variability of antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata: Rosaceae)

American Midland Naturalist

Volumn 138, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 306-321

  Krannitz, Pam G ^a  

^a ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTELOPE; BROMUS TECTORUM; PURSHIA TRIDENTATA; ROSACEAE; TRIDENTATA;

EID: 0030728105     PISSN: 00030031     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2426824     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. AARSSEN, L. W. AND S. M. BURTON. 1990. Maternal effects at four levels in Senecio vulgaris (Asteraceae) grown on a soil nutrient gradient. Am. J. Bot., 77:1231-1240.
2. ALEXANDER, H. M. AND R. D. WULFF. 1985. Experimental ecological genetics in Plantago X. The effects of maternal temperature on seed and seedling characters in Plantago lanceolata. J. Ecol., 73:271-282.
3. BENTLEY, S., J. B. WHITTAKER AND A. J. C. MALLOCH. 1980. Field experiments on the effects of grazing by a Chrysomelid beetle (Gastrophysa viridula) on seed production and quality in Rumex obtusifolius and Rumex crispus. J. Ecol., 68:671-674.
4. BERGSTROEM, R. AND K. DANELL. 1987. Effects of simulated winter browsing by moose on morphology and biomass of two birch species. J. Ecol., 75:533-544.
5. BILBROUGH, C. J. AND J. H. RICHARDS. 1991. Branch architecture of sagebrush and bitterbrush: use of a branch complex to describe and compare patterns of growth. Can. J. Bot., 69:1288-1295.
6. _ AND _. 1993. Growth of sagebrush and bitterbrush following simulated winter browsing: mechanisms of tolerance. Ecology, 74:481-492.
7. BLACK, J. N. 1958. Competition between plants of different initial seed sizes in swards of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) with particular reference to leaf area and the light microclimate. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 9:299-318.
8. BROWER, J. E., J. H. ZAR AND C. N. VON ENDE, 1989. Field and laboratory methods for general ecology. William C. Brown Publishers, Dubuque, Iowa. 237 p.
9. BRYANT, J. P., F. D. PROVENZA, J. PASTOR, P. B. REICHARDT, T. P. CLAUSEN AND J. T. DU TOIT. Interactions between woody plants and browsing mammals mediated by secondary metabolites. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 22:431-446.
10. CAVERS, P. B. AND M. G. STEEL. 1984. Patterns of change in seed weight over time on individual plants. Am. Nat., 124:324-335.
11. DALLAL, G. E. 1986. PC-SIZE: a program for sample size determination. Am. Statist. 40:50.
12. DALTON, D. A. AND D. B. ZOBEL. 1977. Ecological aspects of nitrogen fixation by Purshia tridentata. Plant Soil, 48:57-80.
13. DALBENMIRE, R. 1959. A canopy-coverage method of vegetational analysis. Northwest Sci., 33:43-64.
14. DOLAN, R. W. 1984. The effect of seed size and maternal source on individual size in a population of Ludwigia leptocarpa (Onagraceae). Am. J. Bot., 71:1302-1307.
15. FURNISS, M. M. AND R. G. KREBILL. 1972. Insects and diseases of shrubs on western big game ranges., p. 218-226. In: C. M. McKell, J. P. Blaisdell and J. R. Goodin (eds.). Wildland shrubs - their biology and utilization. U.S. For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-1.
16. GARRISON, G. A. 1953. Effects of clipping on some range shrubs. J. Range Manage., 6:309-317.
17. GRIFFITH, B. AND J. M. PEEK. 1989. Mule deer use of serai stage and habitat type in bitterbrush communities. J. Wildl. Manage., 53:636-642.
18. GROSS, K. L. 1984. Effects of seed size and growth form on seedling establishment of six monocarpic perennial plants. J. Ecol., 72:369-387.
19. HAUSENBUILLER, R. L. 1978. Soil science, 2nd ed. William C. Brown Co., ??, Iowa.
20. HENDRIX, S. D. 1984. Variation in seed weight and its effects on germination in Pastinaca sativa L. (Umbelliferae). Am. J. Bol., 71:795-802.
21. _ AND I-F. SUN. 1989. Inter-and intraspecific variation in seed mass in seven species of umbellifer. New Phytol. 112:445-451.
22. HITCHCOCK, C. L., A. CRONQUIST, M. OWNBEY AND J. W. THOMPSON. 1961. Vascular plants of the pacific northwest, Part 3. University of Washington Press, Seattle. 614 p.
23. JOHNSTON, M. O. 1992. Effects of cross and self-fertilization on progeny fitness in Lobelia cardinalis and L. siphilitica. Evolution, 46:688-702.
24. KOIDE, R., L. MINGGUANG, J. LEWIS, AND C. IRBY. 1988. Role of mycorrhizal infection in the growth and reproduction of wild vs. cultivated plants. I. Wild vs. cultivated oats. Oecologia, 77:537-543.
25. KRANNITZ, P. G. 1997. Variation in magnesium and nitrogen content in seeds of antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae)). Am. J. Bot., 84.
26. LEE, T. D. AND F. A. BAZZAZ. 1980. Effects of defoliation and competition on growth and reproduction in the annual plant Abutilon theophrasti. J. Ecol., 68:813-821.
27. LLOYD, D. G. 1980. Sexual strategies in plants. I. An hypothesis of serial adjustment of maternal investment during one reproductive session. New Phytol., 86:69-79.
28. MARSHALL, D. L. 1986. Effect of seed size on seedling success in three species of Sesbania (Fabaceae). Am. J. Bol., 73:457-464.
29. _, N. L. FOWLER AND D. A. LEVIN. 1985. Plasticity in yield components in natural populations of three species of Sesbania. Ecology, 66:753-761.
30. MATTHIES, D. 1990. Plasticity of reproductive components at different stages of development in the annual plant Thlaspi arvense L. Oecologia, 83:105-116.
31. MAZER, S. J., A. A. SNOW AND M. L. STANTON. 1986. Fertilization dynamics and parental effects upon fruit development in Raphanus raphanistrum: consequences for seed size variation. Am. J. Bot., 73:500-511.
32. MCCONNELL, B. R. AND J. G. SMITH. 1963. Estimating bitterbrush age from stem-diameter measurements. Ecology, 44:579-581.
33. MCGINLEY, M. A., D. H. TEMME AND M. A. GEBER. 1987. Parental investment in offspring in variable environments: theoretical and empirical considerations. Am. Nat., 130:370-398.
34. MCKELL, C. M. 1989. Shrub palatability., p. 267-282. In: C. M. McKell (ed). The biology and utilization of shrubs. Academic Press, San Diego.
35. MEHLMAN, D. W. 1993. Seed size and seed packaging variation in Baptisia lanceolata (Fabaceae). Am. J. Bot., 80:735-742.
36. MICHAELS, H. J., B. BENNER, A. P. HARTGERINK, T. D. LEE, S. RICE, M. F. WILLSON AND R. I. BERTIN. 1988. Seed size variation: magnitude, distribution, and ecological correlates. Evolution. Ecol., 2:157-166.
37. NORD, E. C. 1965. Autecology of bitterbrush in California. Ecol. Monogr., 35:307-334.
38. OBESO, J. R. 1993a. Seed mass variation in the perennial herb Asphodelus albus: sources of variation and position effect. Oecologia, 93:571-575.
39. _. 1993b. Does defoliation affect reproductive output in herbaceous perennials and woody plants in different ways? Funct. Ecol., 7:150-155.
40. PAIGE, K. N. AND T. G. WHITHAM. 1987. Overcompensation in response to mammalian herbivory: the advantage of being eaten. Am. Nat., 129:407-416.
41. PRITTS, M. P. AND J. F. HANCOCK. 1984. Independence of life history parameters in populations of Vaccinium angustifolium (Ericaceae). Bull. Torray Bot. Club, 111:451-461.
42. _ AND _. 1985. Lifetime biomass partitioning and yield component relationships in the highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Ericaceae). Am. J. Bot., 72:446-452.
43. RICE, W. R. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution, 43:223-225.
44. RICKARD, W. H. AND R. H. SAUER. 1982. Primary production and canopy cover in bitterbrush cheatgrass communities. Northwest Sci., 56:250-256.
45. RIGHETTI, T. L. AND D. N. MUNNS. 1982. Nodulation and nitrogen fixation in Purshia: innoculation responses and species comparisons. Plant and Soil, 65:383-396.
46. ROACH, D. A. AND R. D. WULFF. 1987. Maternal effects in plants. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 18:209-235.
47. SAS INSTITUTE INC. 1990a. SAS procedures guide, version 6, 3rd ed. Cary, N.C. 705 p.
48. _. 1990b. SAS users guide, vol. 2, 4th ed. p. 891-1686. Cary, N.C.
49. SCHAAL, B. A. 1980. Reproductive capacity and seed size in Lupinus texensis. Am. J. Bot., 67:703-709.
50. SCHMITT, J., J. NILES AND R. D. WULFF. 1992. Norms of reaction of seed traits to maternal environments in Plantago lanceolata. Am. Nat., 139:451-466.
51. SHATFORD, J. P. 1997. Seed dispersal, seed attributes and edaphic factors: their role and impact on the regeneration of antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata). M.S. Thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 72 p.
52. SINNOT, E. W. 1921. The relationship between body size and organ size in plants. Am. Nat., 55:385-403.
53. SOKAL, R. R. AND F. J. ROHLF. 1981. Biometry. Freeman and Company, New York, 859 p.
54. SPRUGEL, D. G., T. M. HINCKLEY, AND W. SCHAPP. 1991. The theory and practice of branch autonomy. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 22:309-334.
55. STANTON, M. L. 1984. Developmental and genetic sources of seed weight variation in Raphanus raphanistrum L. (Brassicaceae). Am. J. Bot., 71:1090-1098.
56. STEPHENSON, A. G. 1980. Fruit set, herbivory, fruit reduction, and the fruiting strategy of Catalpa speciosa (Bignoniaceae). Ecology, 61:57-64.
57. _. 1984. The regulation of maternal investment in an indeterminate flowering plant (Lotus corniculatus). Ecology, 65:113-121.
58. STUBBENDIECK, J., S. L. HATCH AND C. H. BUTTERFIELD. 1992. North American range plants, 4th ed. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, 493 p.
59. THOMPSON, J. N. 1984. Variation among individual seed masses in Lomatium grayi (Umbelliferae) under controlled conditions: magnitude and partitioning of the variance. Ecology, 65:626-631.
60. _ AND O. PELLMYR. 1989. Origins of variance in seed number and mass: interaction of sex expression and herbivory in Lomatium salmoniflorum. Oecologia, 79:395-402.
61. UPDIKE, D. R., E. R. LOFT AND F. A. HALL. 1990. Wildfires on big sagebrush/antelope bitterbrush range in northeastern California: implications for deer populations, p. 41-46. In: E. D. McArthur, E. M. Romney, S. D. Smith and P. T. Tueller (eds.). Proceedings - Symposium on cheatgrass invasion, shrub die-off and other aspects of shrub biology and management. U.S. for. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276, 351 p.
62. URNESS, P. J. AND C. H. JENSEN. 1982. Goat use in fall increases bitterbrush browse and reduces sagebrush density, p. 186-194. In: A. R. Tiedemann, and K. L. Johnson (eds.). Proceedings -research and management of bitterbrush and cliffrose in western North America. U.S. For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152, 279 p.
63. VANDER WALL, S. B. 1994. Seed fate pathways of antelope-bitterbrush: dispersal by seed-caching yellow pine chipmunks. Ecology, 75:1911-1926.
64. WINN, A. A. 1991. Proximate and ultimate sources of within-individual variation in seed mass in Prunella vulgaris (Lamiaceae). Am. J. Bot., 78:838-844.
65. _ AND P. A. WERNER. 1987. Regulation of seed yield within and among populations of Prunella vulgaris. Ecology, 68:1224-1233.
66. WULFF, R. 1986. Seed size variation in Desmodium paniculatum. II. Effects on seedling growth and physiological performance. J. Ecol., 74:99-114.
67. _ AND F. A. BAZZAZ. 1992. Effect of the parental nutrient regime on growth of the progeny in Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae). Am. J. Bot., 79:1102-1107.