A sector-integration method for calculating the output factors of irregularly shaped electron fields

Medical Physics

Volumn 24, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 1765-1769

  Jursinic, Paul A ^a   Mueller, Richard ^b  

^a Battle Creek Health System   (United States)

^b West Michigan Cancer Center   (United States)

Author keywords

Electron cutout shields; Electron output factor; Linear accelerators; Radiation therapy dosimetry; Treatment planning

Indexed keywords

INTEGRATION; LINEAR ACCELERATORS;

CALCULATED VALUES; ELECTRON FIELD; ELECTRON FLUENCES; EMPIRICAL MODEL; INTEGRATION METHOD; OUTPUT FACTORS; RADIATION THERAPY DOSIMETRY; TREATMENT PLANNING;

ELECTRONS;

ARTICLE; COLLIMATOR; DOSIMETRY; ELECTRON BEAM; GEOMETRY; LINEAR ACCELERATOR; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION DEPTH DOSE; RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTION; RADIATION FIELD; RADIATION SCATTERING; RADIATION SHIELD;

EID: 0030725368     PISSN: 00942405     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1118/1.597962     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. P. J. Biggs, A. L. Boyer, and K. P. Doppke. "Electron dosimetry of irregular fields on the Clinac 18," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 5. 433-440 (1979).
2. M. C. Choi, J. A. Purdy, B. Gerbi, F. G. Abrath, and G P. Glasgow, "Variation in output factor caused by secondary blocking for 7-16 MeV electron beams," Med. Phys. 6, 137-139 (1979).
3. M. D. Mills, K- R. Hogstrom, and A. P. Almond, "Prediction of electron beam output factors," Med. Phys. 9. 60-68 (1982).
4. J. A. Meyer, J. R. Palta, and K R. Hogstrom, "Demonstration of relatively new electron dosimetry measurement techniques." Med. Phys. 11, 670-677 (1984).
5. S. C. Sharma, D. L. Wilson, and B. Jose, "Dosimetry of small fields for Therac 20 electron beams," Med. Phys. 11, 697-701 (1984).
6. M D. Mills, K. R. Hogstrom, and R. S. Fields, "Determination of electron beam output factors for a 20-MeV linear accelerator," Med. Phys. 12, 473-476 (1985).
7. B. J. McParland, "A parametrization of the electron beam output factor of a 25-MeV linear accelerator," Med. Phys. 14, 665-669 (1987).
8. R P. Nair, T. K. M. Nair, and D. E. Wrede, "Shaped field electron dosimetry for a Phillips SL75/10 linear accelerator," Med. Phys. 10, 356-360 (1983).
9. H. Rashid, M. K. Islam, H. Gaballa, U. F. Rosenow, and J. Y. Ting, "Small field electron dosimetry for the Phillips SL25 linear accelerator," Med. Phys. 17, 710-715 (1990).
10. M. J. Day and E. G. A. Aird, "The equivalent field method for dose determination in rectangular fields," Br. J. Radiol. 17, 105-114 (1983).
11. A. S. Shin, S S. Jung, C. E. Nyerick, T G. Ochran, V. A. Otte, A. L. Boyer, and K. R. Hogstrom, "Comprehensive analysis of electron beam central axis dose for a radiotherapy linear accelerator," Med. Phys. 21, 559-566 (1994).
12. A. Niroomand-Rad, "Film dosimetry of small elongated electron beams for treatment planning," Med. Phys. 16, 655-662 (1989).
13. M. S. A. L. Al-Ghazi and I. Tavaras. "Relative output factors for electron fields," Med. Phys. 20, 886 (1993).
14. D. Jones, P. Andre, J. T. Washington, and M. D. Hafermann, "A method for the assessment of the output of irregularly shaped electron fields," Br J. Radiol. 63, 59-64 (1990).
15. A. Dutreix and E. Broit, "Development of a pencil pencil-beam algorithm for clinical use at the Institut Gustave Roussy," in The Computation of Dose Distributions in Electron Beams, Radiotherapy, edited by A. E. Nahum (University of Umea, Sweden, 1990), pp. 242-270.
16. F. M. Khan, F. C. Deibel, B. J. Gerbi, and I. J. Das, "Dosimetry of irregularly shaped electron fields," Med. Phys. 14, 473 (1987).
17. R. K. Wu, W. Wang, and A. M. El-Mahdi, "Irregular field output factors for electron beams," in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, edited by I. A. D. Bruvinvis, P. H. van der Giessen, H. J. van Kleffens, and F. W. Wittkämper (Scheveningen, Sweden, 1987), pp. 453-456.
18. I. A. D. Bruinvis, A. Van Amstel, A. J. Elevelt, and R. Van der Laarse, "Calculation of electron beam dose distributions for arbitrarily shaped fields," Phys. Med. Biol. 28, 667-683 (1983).
19. I. A. D Bruinvis and W. A. F. Mathol, "Calculation of electron beam depth-dose curves and output factors for arbitrary field shapes," Radiother. Oncol. 11, 395-404 (1988).
20. B. J. McParland, "A method of calculating the output factors of arbitrarily shaped electron fields," Med. Phys. 16, 88-93 (1989).
21. American Association of Physicists in Medicine, Task Group 21, "Radiation therapy committee: A protocol for the determination of absorbed dose from high-energy photon and electron beams," Med. Phys. 10, 741-771 (1983).
22. H. E. Johns and J. R. Cunningham, "The interaction of single beams of x and gamma rays with a scattering medium," in The Physics of Radiology (Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, 1983), pp. 336-381.
23. A spreadsheet program written for Microsoft Excel is available from the authors.