Molecular markers: Their role as prognostic indicators for bladder cancer

Current Opinion in Urology

Volumn 7, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 282-286

  Harding, Michael ^a   Theodorescu, Dan ^b  

^a LUDWIG INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HEALTH SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOCRINE MOTILITY FACTOR; CATHEPSIN D; CYCLINE; LAMININ; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; TISSUE POLYPEPTIDE ANTIGEN; UROKINASE; UVOMORULIN;

ANGIOGENESIS; APOPTOSIS; BLADDER CANCER; CANCER CLASSIFICATION; CANCER STAGING; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CYSTECTOMY; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; HUMAN; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA; TUMOR GROWTH; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE; TUMOR VASCULARIZATION;

EID: 0030712119     PISSN: 09630643     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00042307-199709000-00008     Document Type: Review

References (34)

1. Lipponen PK: Expression of cathepsin D in transitional cell bladder tumours. J Pathol 1996, 178:59-64.
2. Mizutani Y, Okada Y, Terachi T, Yoshida O: Prognostic significance of circulating cytotoxic lymphocytes against autologous tumors in patients with bladder cancer. J Urol 1996, 155:868-892.
3. Hasui Y, Marutsuka K, Asada Y, Osada Y: Prognostic value of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in patients with superficial bladder cancer. Urology 1996, 47:34-37.
4. Grignon DJ, Sakr W, Toth M, Ravery V, Angulo J, Shamsa F, Pontes JE, Crissman JC, Fridman R: High levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) expression are associated with poor outcome in invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Res 1996, 56:1654-1659.
5. Mungan U, Kirkali G, Celebi I, Kirkali Z: Significance of serum laminin P1 values in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Urology 1996, 48:496-500.
6. Otto T, Birchmeier W, Schmidt U, Hinke A, Schipper J, Rubben H, Raz A: Inverse relation of E-cadherin and autocrine motility factor receptor expression as a prognostic factor in patients with bladder carcinomas. Cancer Res 1994, 54:3120-3123.
7. Korman HJ, Peabody JO, Cerny JC, Farah RN, Yao J, Raz A: Autocrine motility factor receptor as a possible urine marker for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Urol 1996, 155:347-349.
8. Philp EA, Stephenson TJ, Reed MW: Prognostic significance of angiogenesis in transitional cell carcinoma of the human urinary bladder. Br J Urol 1996, 77:352-357. Introduces an objective method for visualizing and quantifying angiogenesis. Such measurements may increase the ability of staging to predict mortality.
9. Blasco-Olaetxea E, Belloso L, Garcia-Tamayo J: Superficial bladder cancer: study of the proliferative nuclear fraction as a prognostic factor. Eur J Cancer 1996, 32A:444-446.
10. Filella X, Menendez V, Molina R, Alcover J, Carretero P, Ballesta AM: TPA prognostic value in superficial bladder cancer. Anticancer Res 1996, 16:2173-2175.
11. Gazzaniga P, Gradilone A, Vercillo R, Gandini O, Silvestri I, Napolitano M, Albonici L, Vincenzoni A, Gallucci M, Frati L, Agliano AM: Bcl-2/bax mRNA expression ratio as prognostic factor in low-grade urinary bladder cancer. Int J Cancer 1996, 69:100-104. A correlation of bcl-2/bax ratio and progression of superficial tumors indicates that genes regulating apoptosis may be valuable as prognostic markers.
12. Sarkis AS, Dalbagni G, Cordon-Cardo C, Zhang ZF, Sheinfeld J, Fair WR, Herr HW, Reuter VE: Nuclear overexpression of p53 protein in transitional cell bladder carcinoma: a marker for disease progression. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993, 85:53-59.
13. Serth J, Kuczyk MA, Bokemeyer C, Hervatin C, Nafe R, Tan HK, Jonas U: p53 immunohistochemistry as an independent prognostic factor for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Br J Cancer 1995, 71:201-205.
14. Esrig D, Elmajian D, Groshen S, Freeman JA, Stein JP, Chen SC, Nichols PW, Skinner DG, Jones PA, Cote RJ: Accumulation of nuclear p53 and tumor progression in bladder cancer. N Engl J Med 1994, 331:1259-1264.
15. Kuczyk MA, Bokemeyer C, Serth J, Hervatin C, Oelke M, Hofner K, Tan HK, Jonas U: p53 overexpression as a prognostic factor for advanced stage bladder cancer. Eur J Cancer 1995, 31A:2243-2247.
16. Sarkis AS, Bajorin DF, Reuter VE, Herr HW, Netto G, Zhang ZF. Schultz PK, Cordon-Cardo C, Scher HI: Prognostic value of p53 nuclear over-expression in patients with invasive bladder cancer treated with neoadjuvant MVAC. J Clin Oncol 1995, 13:1384-1390.
17. Shiina H, Igawa M, Yagi H, Urakami S, Yoneda T, Shirakawa H, Ishibe T: Immunohistochemistry of p53 protein in transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder using an image analyzer. Oncology 1996, 53:233-240. Computer imaging was used to objectively measure p53 immunostaining. p53 was a significant predictor of mortality but was not superior to histological stage as a prognostic marker.
18. Underwood MA, Reeves J, Smith G, Gardiner DS, Scott R, Bartlett J, Cooke TG: Overexpression of p53 protein and its significance for recurrent progressive bladder tumours. Br J Urol 1996, 77:659-666.
19. Wu CS, Pollack A, Czerniak B, Chyle V, Zagars GK, Dinney CP, Hu SX, Benedict WF: Prognostic value of p53 in muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with preoperative radiotherapy. Urology 1996, 47:305-310. In patients treated with radiation therapy prior to cystectomy, p53 status was prognostic only in stage T3b tumors. Also addresses the relationship of p53 to DNA damage and apoptosis.
20. Chyle V, Pollack A, Czerniak B, Stephens LC, Zagars GK, Terry NH, Meyn RE: Apoptosis and downstaging after preoperative radiotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996, 35:281-287.
21. Cote RJ, Esrig D, Groshen S, Jones PA, Skinner DG: p53 and treatment of bladder cancer. Nature 1997, 385:123-124. Only patients with tumors which were p53-positive by immunostaining seemed to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, suggesting that p53 mutations cause sensitivity to DNA damaging agents.
22. •]. Points out many of the potential pitfalls in assessing p53 status in tumors.
23. Tetu B, Fradet Y, Allard P, Veilleux C, Roberge N, Bernard P: Prevalence and clinical significance of HER/2neu, p53 and Rb expression in primary superficial bladder cancer. J Urol 1996, 155:1784-1788.
24. Miyamoto H, Shuin T, Ikeda I, Hosaka M, Kubota Y: Loss of heterozygosity at the p53, RB, DCC and APC tumor suppressor gene loci in human bladder cancer. J Urol 1996,155:1444-1447. Loss of heterozygosity at the p53 and Rb genes was correlated with high tumor stage and grade, and was coincident in several tumors.
25. Celis JE, Ostergaard M, Basse B, Celis A, Lauridsen JB, Ratz GP, Andersen I, Hein B, Wolf H, Orntoft TF, Rasmussen HH: Loss of adipocyte-type fatty acid binding protein and other protein biomarkers is associated with progression of human bladder transitional cell carcinomas. Cancer Res 1996, 56:4782-4790. Summarizes some of the results from this group's comprehensive approach to identify tumor markers. An Internet site is listed for additional information.
26. Rasmussen HH, Orntoft TF, Wolf H, Celis JE: Towards a comprehensive database of proteins from the urine of patients with bladder cancer. J Urol 1996, 155:2113-2119. Illustrates a universal approach for finding tumor markers in urine. Information can be accessed via the Internet.
27. Iles RK, Persad R, Trivedi M, Sharma KB, Dickinson A, Smith P, Chard T: Urinary concentration of human chorionic gonadotrophin and its fragments as a prognostic marker in bladder cancer. Br J Urol 1996, 77:61-69.
28. Kigure T, Wakayama Y, Satoh Y, Fujieda N, Yoshida K, Harada T: Urinary basic fetoprotein in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with urothelial carcinoma. Cancer 1996, 77:1529-1534.
29. Cooper MJ, Fischer M, Komitowski D, Shevelev A, Schulze E, Ariel I, Tykocinski ML, Miron S, Ilan J, de Groot N, Hochberg A: Developmentally imprinted genes as markers for bladder tumor progression. J Urol 1996, 155:2120-2127.
30. Uchida T, Wang C, Wada C, Iwamura M, Egawa S, Koshiba K: Microsatellite instability in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract and its relationship to clinicopathological variables and smoking. Int J Cancer 1996, 69:142-145. Microsatellite instability occurs more frequently in invasive tumors, suggesting that defective mismatch DNA repair may lead to progression.
31. Takle LA, Knowles MA: Deletion mapping implicates two tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 8p in the development of bladder cancer. Oncogene 1996, 12:1083-1087.
32. Knowles MA, Shaw ME, Proctor AJ: Deletion mapping of chromosome 8 in cancers of the urinary bladder using restriction fragment length polymorphisms and microsatellite polymorphisms. Oncogene 1993, 8:1357-1364.
33. Schoenberg M, Kiemeney L, Walsh PC, Griffin CA, Sidransky D: Germline translocation t(5;20)(p15;q11) and familial transitional cell carcinoma. J Urol 1996, 155:1035-1036.
34. Kiemeney LA, Schoenberg M: Familial transitional cell carcinoma. J Urol 1996, 156:867-872. A review of the evidence for inherited predisposition to TCC.