Bedrock jointing and geomorphology in southwestern Ontario, Canada: An example of tectonic predesign

Geomorphology

Volumn 19, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 17-34

  Eyles, Nicholas ^a   Arnaud, Emmanuelle ^b   Scheidegger, Adrian E ^c   Eyles, Carolyn H ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^c VIENNA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Austria)

^d MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

'Preglacial' stress field; Bedrock channel; Joint

Indexed keywords

BEDROCK; BEDROCK GEOMORPHOLOGY; BEDROCK JOINT; CHANNEL ORIENTATION; CONTINENTAL STRESS FIELD; DRAINAGE PATTERN; GEOMORPHOLOGY; JOINT SET; JOINTING; NEOTECTONICS; STRESS; STRESS FIELD;

CANADA, CANADIAN SHIELD; CANADA, ONTARIO;

EID: 0030695125     PISSN: 0169555X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0169-555x(96)00050-5     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, 1994. Summary of the environmental impact statement on the concept for disposal of Canada's nuclear fuel waste. AECL, 10721, COG-93-11, 470 pp.
2. Bailey Geological Service Limited, 1984. Structure top Precambrian, southern Ontario. Ontario Geological Survey, Maps P2655, 2656, 2657.
3. Cloetingth, S. and Kooi, H., 1992. Tectonics and global change-inferences from late Cenozoic subsidence and uplift patterns in the Atlantic/Mediterranean region. Global Change, 4: 340-350.
4. Crone, A.J., Machette, M.N. and Bowman, J.R., 1992. Geologic investigations of the 1988 Tennant Creek, Australia, earthquakes: implications for paleoseismicity in stable continental regions. US Geol. Surv. Bull., 2032-A, 55 pp.
5. Daniels, S.E., 1990. Regional Joint Patterns Within South-Central Ontario. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., 114 pp.
6. Davies, L.L. and McLymont, W.R., 1962. Bedrock topography, Palmerston sheet. Ontario Department of Mines, Map P166.
7. Derry, Michener, Booth and Wahl, 1989. Limestone industries of Ontario, III. Limestone industries of southwestern Ontario. Unpublished report to Ontario Geological Survey, 26 pp. and maps.
8. Easton, M.A. and Carter, T.R., 1992. Geology of the Precambrian basement beneath the Paleozoic of southwestern Ontario. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Basement Tectonics Conference. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 1-46.
9. Elliot, C.G., 1996. Phanerozoic deformation in the 'stable' craton, Manitoba, Canada. Geology, 24: 909-912.
10. Engelder, T.A., 1994. Brittle crack propagation. In: P.L. Hancock (Editor), Continental Deformation. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 43-52.
11. Eyles, N., 1996. Passive margin uplift around the North Atlantic region and its role in Northern Hemisphere late Cenozoic glaciation. Geology, 24: 103-106.
12. Eyles, N., 1997. Environmental geology of a supercity: the Greater Toronto Area of southern Ontario. In: N. Eyles (Editor), Environmental Geology of Urban Areas. Geol. Assoc. Can., Geotext No. 4, pp. 7-81.
13. Eyles, N. and Scheidegger, A.E., 1995. Environmental significance of bedrock jointing in Southern Ontario, Canada. Environ. Geol., 26: 269-277
14. Eyles, N., Boyce, J. and Mohajer, A.A., 1993. The bedrock surface of the western Lake Ontario region: evidence of reactivated basement structures? Geogr. Phys. Quat., 47: 269-283.
15. Eyles, N., Doughty, M. and Mack-Mumford, D., 1997. Geoscientific information systems for environmental geology. In: N. Eyles (Editor), Environmental Geology of Urban Areas. Geol. Assoc. Can., Geotext No. 4, pp. 495-506.
16. Faure, S., Tremblay, A. and Angelier, J., 1996. State of intraplate stress and tectonism of northeastern America since Cretaceous times, with particular emphasis on the New England-Quebec igneous province. Tectonophysics, 255: 111-134.
17. Freeman, E.B. (Editor), 1978. Geological highway map, southern Ontario. Ontario Geological Survey, Map 2418.
18. Friedman, G.M., 1994. Pangean orogenic and epeirogenic uplifts and their possible climatic significance. In: G.D. Klein (Editor), Pangea: Paleoclimate, Tectonics and Sedimentation During Accretion, Zenith and Breakup of a Supercontinent. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., 288: 159-168.
19. Grabau, A.W., 1901. Guide to the geology and paleontology of Niagara Falls and vicinity. N.Y. State Mus. Bull., 45: 1-284.
20. Gravenor, C.P., 1975. Erosion by continental ice sheets. Am. J. Sci., 275: 594-604.
21. Greenhouse, J.P. and Karrow, P.F., 1994. Geological and geophysical studies of bedrock valleys and their fills near Elora and Rockwood, Ontario. Can. J. Earth Sci., 31: 1838-1848.
22. Hancock, P.L. and Engelder, T., 1989. Neotectonic joints. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 101: 1197-1208.
23. Holden, K.M., Thomas, J. and Karrow, P.F., 1993. Bedrock topography, Conestogo area, southern Ontario. Ontario Geological Survey, Map P-3210.
24. Johnson, M.D., Armstrong, D.K., Sanford, B.V., Telford, P.G. and Rutka, M.A., 1992. Paleozoic and Mesozoic geology of Ontario. In: Geology of Ontario. Ontario Geological Survey, Spec. Vol. 4, Part 2, pp. 907-1010
25. Karrow, P.F., 1973. Bedrock topography in southwestern Ontario: a progress report. Geol. Assoc. Can., 25: 67-77.
26. Kohlbeck, F. and Scheidegger, A.E., 1977. On the theory of the evaluation of joint orientation measurements. Rock Mech., 9: 9-25.
27. Kohlbeck, F. and Scheidegger, A.E., 1985. The power of parametric orientation statistics in the earth sciences. Mitt. Österr. Geol. Ges., 78: 251-265.
28. Lidmar-Bergström, K., 1996. Long-term morphotectonic evolution in Sweden. Geomorphology, 16: 33-59.
29. Lorenz, J.C., Teufel, L.W. and Warpinski, N.R., 1991. Regional fractures, I. A mechanism for the formation of regional fractures at depth in flat-lying reservoirs. Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull., 75: 1714-1737
30. Mohajer, A.A., Eyles, N. and Rogojina, C., 1992. Neotectonic faulting in metropolitan Toronto: implications for earthquake hazard assessment in the Lake Ontario region. Geology, 20: 1003-1006.
31. Mollard, J.D., 1988. Fracture lineament research and applications on the western Canadian plains. Can. Geotech. J., 25: 749-767.
32. Palmquist, R.C. and Bible, G., 1974. Bedrock topography beneath the Des Moines Lobe drift sheet, north-central Iowa. Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci., 81: 164-170.
33. Peulvast, J.-P., Bouchard, M., Jolicoeur, S., Pierre, G. and Schroeder, J., 1996. Palaeolandforms and morphotectonic evolution around the Baie des Chaleurs (eastern Canada). Geomorphology, 16: 5-32.
34. Price, N.J., 1966. Faults and Joint Development in Brittle to Semi-Brittle Rocks. Pergamon Press, London, 236 pp.
35. Quinlan, G.M. and Beaumont, C., 1984. Appalachian thrusting, lithospheric flexure and the Paleozoic stratigraphy of the eastern interior of North America. Can. J. Earth Sci., 21: 973-996.
36. Rohrman, M., van der Beek, P., Andriessen, P. and Cloetingh, S., 1995. Meso-Cenozoic morphotectonic evolution of southern Norway: Neogene domal uplift inferred from apatite fission track thermochronology. Tectonics, 14: 704-718.
37. Sanford, B.V., 1969. Geology, Toronto-Windsor area, Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada, Map 1263A.
38. Sanford, B.V. and Baer, A.J., 1981. Southern Ontario, sheet 30S. Geological Survey of Canada, Map 1335A.
39. Sanford, B.V., Thompson, F.J. and McFall, G.H., 1985. Plate tectonics: a possible controlling mechanism in the development of hydrocarbon traps in southwestern Ontario. Bull. Can. Pet. Geol., 33: 52-71.
40. Scheidegger, A.E., 1980. The orientation of valley trends in Ontario. Z. Geomorphol., 24: 19-30.
41. Scheidegger, A.E., 1993. Joints as neotectonic plate signatures. Tectonophysics, 219: 235-239.
42. Scheidegger, A.E., 1995. Geojoints and geostresses. In: H.R. Rossmanith (Editor), Proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Mechanics of Jointed and Faulted Rock. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 3-35.
43. Shepard, F.P., 1937. Origin of the Great Lakes basins. J. Geol., 45: 76-88.
44. Spencer, J.W., 1890. Origin of the basins of the Great Lakes of America. Q. J. Geol. Soc. London, 46: 523-533.
45. Stauffer, M.R. and Gendzill, D.J., 1987. Fractures in the northern plains, stress patterns, and the mid-continent stress field. Can. J. Earth Sci., 24: 1086-1097.
46. Straw, A., 1968. Late Pleistocene glacial erosion of the Niagara Escarpment of southern Ontario. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 79: 889-910.
47. Van der Pluijm, B.A. and Catacosinos, P.A. (Editors), 1996. Basement and Basins of Eastern North America. Geol. Soc. of America, Spec. Pap. 308, 209 pp.
48. Wallach, J.L. and Heginbottom, A. (Editors), 1993. Neotectonics in the Great Lakes Area. Geogr. Phys. Quat., Spec. Iss., 47(3), 255 pp.
49. Wallach, J.L., Mohajer, A.A., McFall, G.H., Bowlby, J., Pierce, M. and McKay, D.A., 1993. Pop-ups as indicators of earthquake-prone areas in intraplate eastern North America? Quat. Proc., 3: 67-83.
50. Weaver, T.R., Frape, S.K. and Cherry, J.A., 1995. Recent cross formational fluid flow and mixing in the shallow Michigan basin. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 107: 697-707.
51. Wills, J., Howell, L., McRay, L., Parker, B. and Walter, A., 1992. Smithville site: characterization of overburden fractures and implications for DNAPL transport. International Association of Hydrogeologists, Hamilton, Ontario, Proceedings Volume, pp. 501-515.
52. Wilson, A.W.G., 1901. Physical geology of central Ontario. Trans. Can. Inst., VII: 139-186.
53. Wolf, R.R., 1993. An inventory of inactive quarries in the Paleozoic limestone and dolostone strata of Ontario. Ont. Geol. Surv. Open File Rep. OFR 5863, 272 pp.
54. Zimmerman, R., 1973. Southern Ontario drainage basins. Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Map 3002-2, 1:500,000.
55. Zoback, M.L., 1992. First- and second-order patterns of stress in the lithosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 97: 11,703-11,728 and map.