-
5
-
-
0026228030
-
-
B. G. Harmon, J. R. Glisson, K. S. Latimer, W. L. Steffens, J. C. Nunnally, ibid. 52, 1507 (1991).
-
(1991)
Am. J. Vet. Res.
, vol.52
, pp. 1507
-
-
Harmon, B.G.1
Glisson, J.R.2
Latimer, K.S.3
Steffens, W.L.4
Nunnally, J.C.5
-
6
-
-
0026048266
-
-
M. R. Wessels, A. E. Moses, J. B. Goldberg, T. J. DiCesare, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 8317 (1991).
-
(1991)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
, vol.88
, pp. 8317
-
-
Wessels, M.R.1
Moses, A.E.2
Goldberg, J.B.3
DiCesare, T.J.4
-
8
-
-
0027184101
-
-
P. L. DeAngelis, J. Papaconstantinou, P. H. Weigel, J. Biol. Chem. 268, 19181 (1993); P. H. Weigel, V. C. Hascall, M. Tammi, ibid. 272, 13997 (1997).
-
(1993)
J. Biol. Chem.
, vol.268
, pp. 19181
-
-
DeAngelis, P.L.1
Papaconstantinou, J.2
Weigel, P.H.3
-
9
-
-
0030956931
-
-
P. L. DeAngelis, J. Papaconstantinou, P. H. Weigel, J. Biol. Chem. 268, 19181 (1993); P. H. Weigel, V. C. Hascall, M. Tammi, ibid. 272, 13997 (1997).
-
(1997)
J. Biol. Chem.
, vol.272
, pp. 13997
-
-
Weigel, P.H.1
Hascall, V.C.2
Tammi, M.3
-
10
-
-
0025833760
-
-
J. L. Van Etten, L. C. Lane, R. H. Meints, Microbiol. Rev. 55, 586 (1991); J. L. Van Etten, Mol. Cells 5, 99 (1995); _, D. E. Burbank, D. Kuczmarski, R. H. Meints, Science 219, 994 (1983).
-
(1991)
Microbiol. Rev.
, vol.55
, pp. 586
-
-
Van Etten, J.L.1
Lane, L.C.2
Meints, R.H.3
-
11
-
-
0025833760
-
-
J. L. Van Etten, L. C. Lane, R. H. Meints, Microbiol. Rev. 55, 586 (1991); J. L. Van Etten, Mol. Cells 5, 99 (1995); _, D. E. Burbank, D. Kuczmarski, R. H. Meints, Science 219, 994 (1983).
-
(1995)
Mol. Cells
, vol.5
, pp. 99
-
-
Van Etten, J.L.1
-
12
-
-
0020657701
-
-
J. L. Van Etten, L. C. Lane, R. H. Meints, Microbiol. Rev. 55, 586 (1991); J. L. Van Etten, Mol. Cells 5, 99 (1995); _, D. E. Burbank, D. Kuczmarski, R. H. Meints, Science 219, 994 (1983).
-
(1983)
Science
, vol.219
, pp. 994
-
-
Burbank, D.E.1
Kuczmarski, D.2
Meints, R.H.3
-
13
-
-
0021152755
-
-
M. P. Skrdla, D. E. Burbank, Y. Xia, R. H. Meints, J. L. Van Etten, Virology 135, 308 (1984); I.-N. Wang et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 3840 (1993).
-
(1984)
Virology
, vol.135
, pp. 308
-
-
Skrdla, M.P.1
Burbank, D.E.2
Xia, Y.3
Meints, R.H.4
Van Etten, J.L.5
-
14
-
-
0027210541
-
-
M. P. Skrdla, D. E. Burbank, Y. Xia, R. H. Meints, J. L. Van Etten, Virology 135, 308 (1984); I.-N. Wang et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 3840 (1993).
-
(1993)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
, vol.90
, pp. 3840
-
-
Wang, I.-N.1
-
15
-
-
0024618862
-
-
J. Rohozinski, L. E. Girton, J. L. Van Etten, Virology 168, 363 (1989); Y. Zhang, P. Strasser, R. Grabherr, J. L. Van Etten, ibid. 202, 1079 (1994).
-
(1989)
Virology
, vol.168
, pp. 363
-
-
Rohozinski, J.1
Girton, L.E.2
Van Etten, J.L.3
-
16
-
-
0027981687
-
-
J. Rohozinski, L. E. Girton, J. L. Van Etten, Virology 168, 363 (1989); Y. Zhang, P. Strasser, R. Grabherr, J. L. Van Etten, ibid. 202, 1079 (1994).
-
(1994)
Virology
, vol.202
, pp. 1079
-
-
Zhang, Y.1
Strasser, P.2
Grabherr, R.3
Van Etten, J.L.4
-
17
-
-
0003855149
-
-
Wiley, New York, ed. 3
-
The A98R ORF was cloned after amplification of genomic viral DNA with 22 cycles of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Taq polymerase [F. M. Ausubel et al., in Short Protocols in Molecular Biology (Wiley, New York, ed. 3, 1995) ]. The oligonucleotide primers [sense 5′-gagagctccATGGGTAAAAA-CATTATCATAATGG-3′; antisense 5′-gcatgtcgacT-CACACAGACTGAGCATTGGTAG-3′; Great American Gene Company] contained Nco I or Sal I restriction sites (underlined, respectively) flanking the ORF encoding 568 amino acids (uppercase letters). Codons 4 and 5 were altered to optimize bacterial expression. The PCR product was purified, digested with Nco I and Sal I, and ligated into a modified version of the plasmid pET-8C [B. A. Moffatt and F. W. Studier, J. Mol. Biol. 189, 113 (1986)] (it has an extra Sal I site in the polylinker) cleaved with Nco I and partially digested with Sal I. This construct placed the A98R ORF under the control of a T 7 phage promoter. The resulting plasmid, pCVHAS, was transformed into the expression host, E. coli BL21 (DE3). The A98R protein was expressed by induction with 1 mM isopropylthiogalactoside. After 3 to 5 hours of further growth, the membrane fraction was isolated (13). Control membrane preparations were made from cultures with the same vector containing an irrelevant gene (a protein kinase). Total protein was measured according to M. M. Bradford [Anal. Biochem. 72, 248 (1976)]. The paper chromatography method was used to assay for HAS activity (13).
-
(1995)
Short Protocols in Molecular Biology
-
-
Ausubel, F.M.1
-
18
-
-
0023042283
-
-
The A98R ORF was cloned after amplification of genomic viral DNA with 22 cycles of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Taq polymerase [F. M. Ausubel et al., in Short Protocols in Molecular Biology (Wiley, New York, ed. 3, 1995) ]. The oligonucleotide primers [sense 5′-gagagctccATGGGTAAAAA-CATTATCATAATGG-3′; antisense 5′-gcatgtcgacT-CACACAGACTGAGCATTGGTAG-3′; Great American Gene Company] contained Nco I or Sal I restriction sites (underlined, respectively) flanking the ORF encoding 568 amino acids (uppercase letters). Codons 4 and 5 were altered to optimize bacterial expression. The PCR product was purified, digested with Nco I and Sal I, and ligated into a modified version of the plasmid pET-8C [B. A. Moffatt and F. W. Studier, J. Mol. Biol. 189, 113 (1986)] (it has an extra Sal I site in the polylinker) cleaved with Nco I and partially digested with Sal I. This construct placed the A98R ORF under the control of a T 7 phage promoter. The resulting plasmid, pCVHAS, was transformed into the expression host, E. coli BL21 (DE3). The A98R protein was expressed by induction with 1 mM isopropylthiogalactoside. After 3 to 5 hours of further growth, the membrane fraction was isolated (13). Control membrane preparations were made from cultures with the same vector containing an irrelevant gene (a protein kinase). Total protein was measured according to M. M. Bradford [Anal. Biochem. 72, 248 (1976)]. The paper chromatography method was used to assay for HAS activity (13).
-
(1986)
J. Mol. Biol.
, vol.189
, pp. 113
-
-
Moffatt, B.A.1
Studier, F.W.2
-
19
-
-
0017184389
-
-
The A98R ORF was cloned after amplification of genomic viral DNA with 22 cycles of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Taq polymerase [F. M. Ausubel et al., in Short Protocols in Molecular Biology (Wiley, New York, ed. 3, 1995) ]. The oligonucleotide primers [sense 5′-gagagctccATGGGTAAAAA-CATTATCATAATGG-3′; antisense 5′-gcatgtcgacT-CACACAGACTGAGCATTGGTAG-3′; Great American Gene Company] contained Nco I or Sal I restriction sites (underlined, respectively) flanking the ORF encoding 568 amino acids (uppercase letters). Codons 4 and 5 were altered to optimize bacterial expression. The PCR product was purified, digested with Nco I and Sal I, and ligated into a modified version of the plasmid pET-8C [B. A. Moffatt and F. W. Studier, J. Mol. Biol. 189, 113 (1986)] (it has an extra Sal I site in the polylinker) cleaved with Nco I and partially digested with Sal I. This construct placed the A98R ORF under the control of a T 7 phage promoter. The resulting plasmid, pCVHAS, was transformed into the expression host, E. coli BL21 (DE3). The A98R protein was expressed by induction with 1 mM isopropylthiogalactoside. After 3 to 5 hours of further growth, the membrane fraction was isolated (13). Control membrane preparations were made from cultures with the same vector containing an irrelevant gene (a protein kinase). Total protein was measured according to M. M. Bradford [Anal. Biochem. 72, 248 (1976)]. The paper chromatography method was used to assay for HAS activity (13).
-
(1976)
Anal. Biochem.
, vol.72
, pp. 248
-
-
-
22
-
-
1842285110
-
-
note
-
3H]GlcNAc. The reactions also contained one unlabeled sugar nucleotide (an authentic precursor or UDP-Glc, UDP-GalA, or UDP-GalNAc) at 300 μM. Less than 5% of the maximal incorporation (assay with UDP-GlcA and UDP-GlcNAc present) was detected if an unnatural UDP-sugar was substituted for UDP-GlcA or UDP-GlcNAc, or if only a single precursor was present.
-
-
-
-
27
-
-
1842323289
-
-
note
-
125I-labeled HA-binding protein (19) (Pharmacia HA Test) was used to measure the amount of HA in disrupted (freeze-thawed) virus particles or the cultures of NC64A cells. The cells were disrupted by vigorous agitation with glass beads (1-mm beads, agitated for 3 min four times; Biospec Mini-Beadbeater-8). The cell lysate was clarified by centrifugation (15,000g, 5 min) before assaying (average of two determinations).
-
-
-
-
30
-
-
0021991927
-
-
J. L. Van Etten, D. E. Burbank, A. M. Schuster, R. H. Meints, Virology 140, 135 (1985); T. Yamada, T. Higashiyama, T. Fukuda, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57, 3433 (1991).
-
(1985)
Virology
, vol.140
, pp. 135
-
-
Van Etten, J.L.1
Burbank, D.E.2
Schuster, A.M.3
Meints, R.H.4
-
31
-
-
0025786126
-
-
J. L. Van Etten, D. E. Burbank, A. M. Schuster, R. H. Meints, Virology 140, 135 (1985); T. Yamada, T. Higashiyama, T. Fukuda, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57, 3433 (1991).
-
(1991)
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
, vol.57
, pp. 3433
-
-
Yamada, T.1
Higashiyama, T.2
Fukuda, T.3
-
33
-
-
0028362752
-
-
P. L. DeAngelis, N. Yang, P. H. Weigel, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 199, 1 (1994); I. M. Saxena et al., J. Bacteriology 177, 1419 (1995).
-
(1994)
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
, vol.199
, pp. 1
-
-
DeAngelis, P.L.1
Yang, N.2
Weigel, P.H.3
-
34
-
-
0028986927
-
-
P. L. DeAngelis, N. Yang, P. H. Weigel, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 199, 1 (1994); I. M. Saxena et al., J. Bacteriology 177, 1419 (1995).
-
(1995)
J. Bacteriology
, vol.177
, pp. 1419
-
-
Saxena, I.M.1
-
36
-
-
1842393877
-
-
note
-
4-daltons cutoff; Amicon). Half of this semipurified sample was injected onto a Sephacryl S-500HR column (1 cm by 50 cm; Pharmacia) equilibrated in 0.2 M NaCl, 5 mM tris, pH 8 (0.5 ml/min, 1-ml fractions). To verify that the identity of the labeled polysaccharide was HA, we treated the other half of the original reaction with HA lyase (30 units at 37°C overnight; Sigma) before the deproteinization step. This treatment degraded the radioactive polymer to small oligosaccharides (tetramers and hexamers) that were removed by ultrafiltration before gel filtration chromatography.
-
-
-
-
37
-
-
0029796367
-
-
10 cells) were infected with PBCV-1 (multiplicity of infection of 5) and incubated for 50 or 90 min after infection. Another culture served as an uninfected control. The cells were harvested, and the membrane fraction (yield ∼3 mg of protein) was prepared as described [P. L. DeAngelis and A. M. Achyuthan, J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23657 (1996)], except that 1 mM mercaptoethanol was substituted for dithiothreitol. The paper chromatography method was used to assay for HAS activity (13).
-
(1996)
J. Biol. Chem.
, vol.271
, pp. 23657
-
-
DeAngelis, P.L.1
Achyuthan, A.M.2
-
38
-
-
1842342491
-
-
note
-
We thank A. M. Achyuthan, G. M. Air, M. K. Brakke, R. D. Cummings, L. C. Lane, M. Nelson, and P. H. Weigel for helpful discussions. R. A. Steinberg provided the plasmids and host strain for T7 expression system. Supported by a NIH grant (R01-GM56497) and a University of Oklahoma Medical Alumni Scholarship to P.L.D. and a NIH grant (R01-GM32441) to J.V.E.
-
-
-
|