메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 504-520

Rift-wide correlation of 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift system basalts: Implications for multiple mantle sources during rift development

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MAGMATISM; MANTLE PLUME; MANTLE SOURCE; PARTIAL MELTING; PROTEROZOIC; RIFT;

EID: 0030690172     PISSN: 00084077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/e17-041     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (84)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0004958477 scopus 로고
    • The Midcontinent rift system, U.S.A.: A major Proterozoic continental rift
    • Edited by K.H. Olsen. Elsevier, New York
    • Allen, D.J., Braile, L.W., Hinze, W.J., and Mariano, J. 1995. The Midcontinent rift system, U.S.A.: a major Proterozoic continental rift. In Continental rifts: evolution, structure, tectonics. Edited by K.H. Olsen. Elsevier, New York, pp. 375-407.
    • (1995) Continental Rifts: Evolution, Structure, Tectonics , pp. 375-407
    • Allen, D.J.1    Braile, L.W.2    Hinze, W.J.3    Mariano, J.4
  • 2
    • 0008403470 scopus 로고
    • Keweenawan volcanic rocks of Michipicoten Island, Lake Superior, Ontario; an eruptive centre of Proterozoic age
    • Annells, R.N. 1974. Keweenawan volcanic rocks of Michipicoten Island, Lake Superior, Ontario; an eruptive centre of Proterozoic age. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 218.
    • (1974) Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 218
    • Annells, R.N.1
  • 3
    • 0026478631 scopus 로고
    • The role of lithospheric mantle in continental flood basalt volcanism: Thermal and geochemical constraints
    • Arndt, N.T., and Christensen, U. 1992. The role of lithospheric mantle in continental flood basalt volcanism: thermal and geochemical constraints. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97: 10967 - 10981.
    • (1992) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.97 , pp. 10967-10981
    • Arndt, N.T.1    Christensen, U.2
  • 5
    • 0038704473 scopus 로고
    • Pre-Tertiary continental flood basalts
    • Pergamon Press, Inc., New York
    • Basaltic Volcanism Study Project. 1981. Pre-Tertiary continental flood basalts. In Basaltic volcanism on the terrestrial planets. Pergamon Press, Inc., New York, pp. 60-77.
    • (1981) Basaltic Volcanism on the Terrestrial Planets , pp. 60-77
  • 6
    • 0002737925 scopus 로고
    • Crustal structure of the Midcontinent rift system: Results from GLIMPCE deep seismic reflection profiles
    • Behrendt, J.C., Green, A.G., Cannon, W.F., et al. 1988. Crustal structure of the Midcontinent rift system: results from GLIMPCE deep seismic reflection profiles. Geology, 16: 81-85.
    • (1988) Geology , vol.16 , pp. 81-85
    • Behrendt, J.C.1    Green, A.G.2    Cannon, W.F.3
  • 7
    • 0000262799 scopus 로고
    • High-MgO lavas from the Keweenawan midcontinent rift near Mamainse Point, Ontario
    • Berg, J. H., and Klewin, K. W. 1988. High-MgO lavas from the Keweenawan midcontinent rift near Mamainse Point, Ontario. Geology, 16: 1003-1006.
    • (1988) Geology , vol.16 , pp. 1003-1006
    • Berg, J.H.1    Klewin, K.W.2
  • 8
    • 26544439374 scopus 로고
    • Magnetization of the lowermost Keweenawan lava flows in the Lake Superior area
    • Professional Paper 600D
    • Books, K.G. 1968. Magnetization of the lowermost Keweenawan lava flows in the Lake Superior area. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 600D, pp. D245-D254.
    • (1968) United States Geological Survey
    • Books, K.G.1
  • 10
    • 0025660782 scopus 로고
    • Implications of mantle plume structure for the evolution of flood basalts
    • Campbell, I.H., and Griffiths, R.W. 1990. Implications of mantle plume structure for the evolution of flood basalts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 99: 79-93.
    • (1990) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.99 , pp. 79-93
    • Campbell, I.H.1    Griffiths, R.W.2
  • 11
    • 0027061298 scopus 로고
    • The Midcontinent rift in the Lake Superior region with emphasis on its geodynamic evolution
    • Cannon, W.F. 1992. The Midcontinent rift in the Lake Superior region with emphasis on its geodynamic evolution. Tectonophysics, 213: 41-48.
    • (1992) Tectonophysics , vol.213 , pp. 41-48
    • Cannon, W.F.1
  • 13
    • 0024567598 scopus 로고
    • The North American Midcontinent rift beneath Lake Superior from GLIMPCE seismic reflection profiling
    • Cannon, W.F., Green, A.G., Hutchinson, D.R., et al. 1989. The North American Midcontinent rift beneath Lake Superior from GLIMPCE seismic reflection profiling. Tectonics, 8: 305-332.
    • (1989) Tectonics , vol.8 , pp. 305-332
    • Cannon, W.F.1    Green, A.G.2    Hutchinson, D.R.3
  • 14
    • 0027437054 scopus 로고
    • Crustal scale thrusting and origin of the Montreal River monocline - A 35-km-thick cross section of the Midcontinent rift in northern Michigan and Wisconsin
    • Cannon, W.F., Peterman, Z.E., and Sims, P.K. 1993a. Crustal scale thrusting and origin of the Montreal River monocline - a 35-km-thick cross section of the Midcontinent rift in northern Michigan and Wisconsin. Tectonics, 12: 728-744.
    • (1993) Tectonics , vol.12 , pp. 728-744
    • Cannon, W.F.1    Peterman, Z.E.2    Sims, P.K.3
  • 16
    • 0021283150 scopus 로고
    • Isotopic constraints on Columbia River flood basalt genesis and the nature of the subcontinental mantle
    • Carlson, R.W. 1984. Isotopic constraints on Columbia River flood basalt genesis and the nature of the subcontinental mantle. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 48: 2357-2372.
    • (1984) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.48 , pp. 2357-2372
    • Carlson, R.W.1
  • 17
    • 0019224855 scopus 로고
    • A model for flood basalt volcanism
    • Cox, K.G. 1980. A model for flood basalt volcanism. Journal of Petrology, 21: 629-650.
    • (1980) Journal of Petrology , vol.21 , pp. 629-650
    • Cox, K.G.1
  • 18
    • 0030703210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochronology of the North American Midcontinent rift in western Lake Superior and implications for its geodynamic evolution
    • Davis, D.W., and Green, J.C. 1997. Geochronology of the North American Midcontinent rift in western Lake Superior and implications for its geodynamic evolution. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 34: 476-488.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.34 , pp. 476-488
    • Davis, D.W.1    Green, J.C.2
  • 19
    • 0025228124 scopus 로고
    • Time resolution of geologic events on the Keweenawan Peninsula and implications for development of the Midcontinent Rift system
    • Davis, D.W., and Paces, J.B. 1990. Time resolution of geologic events on the Keweenawan Peninsula and implications for development of the Midcontinent Rift system. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 97: 54-64.
    • (1990) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.97 , pp. 54-64
    • Davis, D.W.1    Paces, J.B.2
  • 20
  • 22
    • 0024194751 scopus 로고
    • The North Atlantic Tertiary Province
    • Edited by J.D. Macdougall. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
    • Dickin, A.P. 1988. The North Atlantic Tertiary Province. In Continental flood basalts. Edited by J.D. Macdougall. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 111-149.
    • (1988) Continental Flood Basalts , pp. 111-149
    • Dickin, A.P.1
  • 24
    • 0020974645 scopus 로고
    • Isotopic and trace element constraints on the genesis of the Faeroe lava pile
    • Gariépy, C., Ludden, J., and Brooks, C. 1983. Isotopic and trace element constraints on the genesis of the Faeroe lava pile. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 63: 257-272.
    • (1983) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.63 , pp. 257-272
    • Gariépy, C.1    Ludden, J.2    Brooks, C.3
  • 25
    • 80052531721 scopus 로고
    • Tertiary volcanism in the Kangerdlugssuaq region, E Greenland: Trace-element geochemistry of the Lower Basalts and tholeiitic dyke swarms
    • Edited by A.C. Morton and L.M. Parson. The Geological Society, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, U.K.
    • Gill, R.C.O., Nielsen, T.F.D., Brooks, C.K., and Ingram, G.A. 1988. Tertiary volcanism in the Kangerdlugssuaq region, E Greenland: trace-element geochemistry of the Lower Basalts and tholeiitic dyke swarms. In Early Tertiary volcanism and the opening of the NE Atlantic. Edited by A.C. Morton and L.M. Parson. The Geological Society, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, U.K., pp. 161-179.
    • (1988) Early Tertiary Volcanism and the Opening of the NE Atlantic , pp. 161-179
    • Gill, R.C.O.1    Nielsen, T.F.D.2    Brooks, C.K.3    Ingram, G.A.4
  • 26
    • 0005407570 scopus 로고
    • North Shore Volcanic Group
    • Edited by P.K. Sims and G.B. Morey. Minnesota Geological Survey, St. Paul, Minn.
    • Green, J.C. 1972. North Shore Volcanic Group. In Geology of Minnesota: a centennial volume. Edited by P.K. Sims and G.B. Morey. Minnesota Geological Survey, St. Paul, Minn., pp. 294-332.
    • (1972) Geology of Minnesota: A Centennial Volume , pp. 294-332
    • Green, J.C.1
  • 27
    • 0000951770 scopus 로고
    • Keweenawan plateau volcanism in the Lake Superior region
    • Edited by W.R.A. Baragar, L.C. Coleman, and K.M. Hall. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 16
    • Green, J.C. 1977. Keweenawan plateau volcanism in the Lake Superior region. In Volcanic regimes in Canada. Edited by W.R.A. Baragar, L.C. Coleman, and K.M. Hall. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 16, pp. 407-422.
    • (1977) Volcanic Regimes in Canada , pp. 407-422
    • Green, J.C.1
  • 28
    • 84880521576 scopus 로고
    • Geology of Keweenawan extrusive rocks
    • Edited by R.J. Wold and W.J. Hinze. Geological Society of America, Memoir 156
    • Green, J.C. 1982. Geology of Keweenawan extrusive rocks. In Geology and tectonics of the Lake Superior basin. Edited by R.J. Wold and W.J. Hinze. Geological Society of America, Memoir 156, pp. 47-55.
    • (1982) Geology and Tectonics of the Lake Superior Basin , pp. 47-55
    • Green, J.C.1
  • 29
    • 0019559925 scopus 로고
    • Geologic and geochemical evidence for the nature and development of the Middle Proterozoic (Keweenawan) midcontinent rift of North America
    • Green, J.C. 1983. Geologic and geochemical evidence for the nature and development of the Middle Proterozoic (Keweenawan) midcontinent rift of North America. Tectonophysics, 94: 413-437.
    • (1983) Tectonophysics , vol.94 , pp. 413-437
    • Green, J.C.1
  • 30
    • 3242838926 scopus 로고
    • Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Division of Minerals Project 241-4, Open-file Report
    • Green, J.C. 1986. Lithogeochemistry of Keweenawan igneous rocks. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Division of Minerals Project 241-4, Open-file Report.
    • (1986) Lithogeochemistry of Keweenawan Igneous Rocks
    • Green, J.C.1
  • 31
    • 3242823358 scopus 로고
    • Chemostratigraphy at the fringe of the Midcontinent rift system: The northeast limb of the North Shore Volcanic Group, Minnesota
    • International Geological Correlation Programme project 336, Duluth, Minn.
    • Green J.C. 1995. Chemostratigraphy at the fringe of the Midcontinent rift system: the northeast limb of the North Shore Volcanic Group, Minnesota [abstract]. Proceedings, Field Conference and Symposium, International Geological Correlation Programme project 336, Duluth, Minn., pp. 55-56.
    • (1995) Proceedings, Field Conference and Symposium , pp. 55-56
    • Green, J.C.1
  • 32
    • 3242856146 scopus 로고
    • Paleomagnetic evidence for the extent of the lower Keweenawan lavas in Minnesota
    • Proceedings and Abstracts, paper 8
    • Green, J.C., and Books, K.G. 1972. Paleomagnetic evidence for the extent of the lower Keweenawan lavas in Minnesota. Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Annual Meeting, Proceedings and Abstracts, 18, paper 8.
    • (1972) Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Annual Meeting , vol.18
    • Green, J.C.1    Books, K.G.2
  • 33
    • 0000103673 scopus 로고
    • Keweenawan dykes of the Lake Superior region: Evidence for evolution of the Middle Proterozoic Midcontinent rift of North America
    • Edited by H.C. Halls and W.F. Fahrig. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 34
    • Green, J.C., Bornhorst, T.J., Chandler, V.W., Mudrey, M.G., Jr., Myers, P.E., Pesonen, L.J., and Wilband, J.T. 1987. Keweenawan dykes of the Lake Superior region: evidence for evolution of the Middle Proterozoic Midcontinent rift of North America. In Mafic dyke swarms. Edited by H.C. Halls and W.F. Fahrig. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 34, pp. 289-302.
    • (1987) Mafic Dyke Swarms , pp. 289-302
    • Green, J.C.1    Bornhorst, T.J.2    Chandler, V.W.3    Mudrey Jr., M.G.4    Myers, P.E.5    Pesonen, L.J.6    Wilband, J.T.7
  • 34
    • 0001567802 scopus 로고
    • A paleomagnetic reversal in the Osier volcanic group, northern Lake Superior
    • Halls, H.C. 1974. A paleomagnetic reversal in the Osier volcanic group, northern Lake Superior. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 11: 1200-1207.
    • (1974) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.11 , pp. 1200-1207
    • Halls, H.C.1
  • 35
    • 84880547649 scopus 로고
    • Paleomagnetism of Keweenawan rocks
    • Edited by R.J. Wold and W.J. Hinze. Geological Society of America, Memoir 156
    • Halls, H.C., and Pesonen, L.J. 1982. Paleomagnetism of Keweenawan rocks. In Geology and tectonics of the Lake Superior basin. Edited by R.J. Wold and W.J. Hinze. Geological Society of America, Memoir 156, pp. 173-201.
    • (1982) Geology and Tectonics of the Lake Superior Basin , pp. 173-201
    • Halls, H.C.1    Pesonen, L.J.2
  • 36
    • 0001271641 scopus 로고
    • Timing and origin of the Midcontinent rift alkaline magmatism, North America: Evidence from the Coldwell Complex
    • Heaman, L.M., and Machado, N. 1992. Timing and origin of the Midcontinent rift alkaline magmatism, North America: evidence from the Coldwell Complex. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 110: 289-303.
    • (1992) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology , vol.110 , pp. 289-303
    • Heaman, L.M.1    Machado, N.2
  • 37
    • 0025244793 scopus 로고
    • A geophysical profile of the southern margin of the Midcontinent rift system in western Lake Superior
    • Hinze, W.J., Braile, L.W., and Chandler, V.W. 1990. A geophysical profile of the southern margin of the Midcontinent rift system in western Lake Superior. Tectonics, 9: 303-310.
    • (1990) Tectonics , vol.9 , pp. 303-310
    • Hinze, W.J.1    Braile, L.W.2    Chandler, V.W.3
  • 39
    • 84924685066 scopus 로고
    • The Portage Lake Volcanics (Middle Keweenawan) on Isle Royale, Michigan
    • Professional Paper 754-C
    • Huber, N.K. 1973. The Portage Lake Volcanics (Middle Keweenawan) on Isle Royale, Michigan. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 754-C, pp. C1-C32.
    • (1973) United States Geological Survey
    • Huber, N.K.1
  • 40
    • 0025664232 scopus 로고
    • Keweenaw hot spot: Geophysical evidence for a 1.1 Ga mantle plume beneath the Midcontinent Rift System
    • Hutchinson, D.R., White, R.W., Cannon, W.F., and Schulz, K.J. 1990. Keweenaw hot spot: geophysical evidence for a 1.1 Ga mantle plume beneath the Midcontinent Rift System. Journal of Geophysical Research, 95: 10 869 - 10 884.
    • (1990) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.95 , pp. 10869-10884
    • Hutchinson, D.R.1    White, R.W.2    Cannon, W.F.3    Schulz, K.J.4
  • 41
    • 3242856986 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary report on the bedrock geology and copper deposits of the Matchwood quadrangle, Ontonagon County, Michigan
    • Open-file Report 1272
    • Johnson, R.F., and White, W.S. 1969. Preliminary report on the bedrock geology and copper deposits of the Matchwood quadrangle, Ontonagon County, Michigan. United States Geological Survey, Open-file Report 1272.
    • (1969) United States Geological Survey
    • Johnson, R.F.1    White, W.S.2
  • 43
    • 0025595097 scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry of the Mamainse Point volcanics, Ontario, and implications for the Keweenawan paleomagnetic record
    • Klewin, K.W., and Berg, J.H. 1990. Geochemistry of the Mamainse Point volcanics, Ontario, and implications for the Keweenawan paleomagnetic record. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 27: 1194-1199.
    • (1990) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.27 , pp. 1194-1199
    • Klewin, K.W.1    Berg, J.H.2
  • 44
    • 0025957918 scopus 로고
    • Petrology of the Keweenawan Mamainse Point lavas, Ontario: Petrogenesis and continental rift evolution
    • Klewin, K.W., and Berg, J.H. 1991. Petrology of the Keweenawan Mamainse Point lavas, Ontario: petrogenesis and continental rift evolution. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96: 457-474.
    • (1991) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.96 , pp. 457-474
    • Klewin, K.W.1    Berg, J.H.2
  • 45
    • 0027047012 scopus 로고
    • The igneous petrology and magmatic evolution of the Midcontinent rift system
    • Klewin, K.W., and Shirey, S.B. 1992. The igneous petrology and magmatic evolution of the Midcontinent rift system. Tectonophysics, 213: 33-40.
    • (1992) Tectonophysics , vol.213 , pp. 33-40
    • Klewin, K.W.1    Shirey, S.B.2
  • 46
    • 3242871508 scopus 로고
    • The Keweenawan series of Michigan
    • Annual Report of the Board of Geological and Biological Survey (1909), Publication 6, Geological Series 4
    • Lane, A.C. 1911. The Keweenawan series of Michigan. Michigan Geological Survey, Annual Report of the Board of Geological and Biological Survey (1909), Publication 6, Geological Series 4.
    • (1911) Michigan Geological Survey
    • Lane, A.C.1
  • 47
    • 0026299403 scopus 로고
    • Crustal contamination identified in Keweenawan Osier Group tholeiites, Ontario: A trace element perspective
    • Lightfoot, P.C., Sutcliffe, R.H., and Doherty, W. 1991. Crustal contamination identified in Keweenawan Osier Group tholeiites, Ontario: a trace element perspective. Journal of Geology, 99: 739-760.
    • (1991) Journal of Geology , vol.99 , pp. 739-760
    • Lightfoot, P.C.1    Sutcliffe, R.H.2    Doherty, W.3
  • 48
    • 0024195138 scopus 로고
    • Deccan Traps
    • Edited by J.D. Macdougall. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
    • Mahoney, J.J. 1988. Deccan Traps. In Continental flood basalts. Edited by J.D. Macdougall. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 151-194.
    • (1988) Continental Flood Basalts , pp. 151-194
    • Mahoney, J.J.1
  • 49
    • 0028668644 scopus 로고
    • Structural interpretation of the Midcontinent Rift in eastern Lake Superior from seismic reflection and potential-field studies
    • Mariano, J., and Hinze, W.J. 1994. Structural interpretation of the Midcontinent Rift in eastern Lake Superior from seismic reflection and potential-field studies. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 31: 619-628.
    • (1994) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.31 , pp. 619-628
    • Mariano, J.1    Hinze, W.J.2
  • 51
    • 0020974796 scopus 로고
    • Magma genesis in a late Proterozoic protooceanic rift: REE and other trace-element data from the Keweenawan Mamainse Point Formation, Ontario, Canada
    • Massey, N.W.D. 1983. Magma genesis in a late Proterozoic protooceanic rift: REE and other trace-element data from the Keweenawan Mamainse Point Formation, Ontario, Canada. Precambrian Research, 21: 81-100.
    • (1983) Precambrian Research , vol.21 , pp. 81-100
    • Massey, N.W.D.1
  • 52
    • 12444346181 scopus 로고
    • Seismic reflection profiling and tectonic evolution of the Midcontinent rift in Lake Superior
    • Miscellaneous Paper 91-2
    • McGinnis, L.D., and Mudrey, M.G. 1991. Seismic reflection profiling and tectonic evolution of the Midcontinent rift in Lake Superior. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Miscellaneous Paper 91-2.
    • (1991) Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
    • McGinnis, L.D.1    Mudrey, M.G.2
  • 54
    • 44349094590 scopus 로고
    • The volume and composition of melt generated by extension of the lithosphere
    • McKenzie, D., and Bickle, M.J. 1988. The volume and composition of melt generated by extension of the lithosphere. Journal of Petrology, 29: 625-679.
    • (1988) Journal of Petrology , vol.29 , pp. 625-679
    • McKenzie, D.1    Bickle, M.J.2
  • 56
    • 3242851020 scopus 로고
    • The Finland tectono-magmatic discontinuity - A growth fault marking the western margin of the Portage Lake Volcanic basin of the Midcontinent Rift System
    • Basement Tectonics 10, Duluth, Minn., August 1992. Edited by R.W. Ojakangas, A.B. Dickas, and J.C. Green. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
    • Miller, J.D., Jr., Chandler, V.W., Green, J.C. and Witthun, K. 1995b. The Finland tectono-magmatic discontinuity - a growth fault marking the western margin of the Portage Lake Volcanic basin of the Midcontinent Rift System. In Basement Tectonics 10, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Basement Tectonics, Duluth, Minn., August 1992. Edited by R.W. Ojakangas, A.B. Dickas, and J.C. Green. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 35-40.
    • (1995) Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Basement Tectonics , pp. 35-40
    • Miller Jr., J.D.1    Chandler, V.W.2    Green, J.C.3    Witthun, K.4
  • 58
    • 0025682428 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a Precambrian mantle plume: A Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic study of the Midcontinent Rift System in the Lake Superior region
    • Nicholson, S.W., and Shirey, S.B. 1990. Evidence for a Precambrian mantle plume: a Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic study of the Midcontinent Rift System in the Lake Superior region. Journal of Geophysical Research, 95: 10 851-10 868.
    • (1990) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.95 , pp. 10851-10868
    • Nicholson, S.W.1    Shirey, S.B.2
  • 59
    • 3242856994 scopus 로고
    • Nd and Pb isotopic evolution of basalts of the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift: Evidence for a region-wide model for plume-lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction
    • Reston, Va., 14-16 Sept. 1992. United States Geological Survey, Open-file Report 92-525
    • Nicholson, S.W., and Shirey, S.B. 1992. Nd and Pb isotopic evolution of basalts of the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift: evidence for a region-wide model for plume-lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction. In Workshop on the Application of Isotope Systems to Geological Problems, Reston, Va., 14-16 Sept. 1992. United States Geological Survey, Open-file Report 92-525.
    • (1992) Workshop on the Application of Isotope Systems to Geological Problems
    • Nicholson, S.W.1    Shirey, S.B.2
  • 61
    • 1542408488 scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry of the Kallander Creek Volcanics, 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift system, Wisconsin and Michigan
    • Proceedings and Abstracts
    • Nicholson, S.W., Woodruff, L.G., and Cannon, W.F. 1994. Geochemistry of the Kallander Creek Volcanics, 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift system, Wisconsin and Michigan. Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Annual Meeting, Proceedings and Abstracts, 40: 50-51.
    • (1994) Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Annual Meeting , vol.40 , pp. 50-51
    • Nicholson, S.W.1    Woodruff, L.G.2    Cannon, W.F.3
  • 63
    • 0024932662 scopus 로고
    • Non-depleted sub-continental mantle beneath the Superior Province of the Canadian Shield: Nd-Sr isotopic and trace element evidence from Midcontinent Rift basalts
    • Paces, J.B., and Bell, K. 1989. Non-depleted sub-continental mantle beneath the Superior Province of the Canadian Shield: Nd-Sr isotopic and trace element evidence from Midcontinent Rift basalts. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53: 2023-2035.
    • (1989) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.53 , pp. 2023-2035
    • Paces, J.B.1    Bell, K.2
  • 64
    • 3242821671 scopus 로고
    • Geology and geochemistry of lava flows within the Copper Harbor Conglomerate, Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan
    • Proceedings and Abstracts
    • Paces, J.B., and Bornhorst, T.J. 1985. Geology and geochemistry of lava flows within the Copper Harbor Conglomerate, Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan. Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Annual Meeting, Proceedings and Abstracts, 31: 71-72.
    • (1985) Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Annual Meeting , vol.31 , pp. 71-72
    • Paces, J.B.1    Bornhorst, T.J.2
  • 65
    • 17544390968 scopus 로고
    • Precise U-Pb ages of Duluth Complex and related mafic intrusions, northeastern Minnesota: Geochronological insights to physical, petrogenetic, paleomagnetic, and tectonomagmatic processes associated with the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift system
    • Paces, J.B., and Miller, J.D. 1993. Precise U-Pb ages of Duluth Complex and related mafic intrusions, northeastern Minnesota: geochronological insights to physical, petrogenetic, paleomagnetic, and tectonomagmatic processes associated with the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift system. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98: 13 997 - 14 013.
    • (1993) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.98 , pp. 13997-14013
    • Paces, J.B.1    Miller, J.D.2
  • 66
    • 0023466601 scopus 로고
    • Paleomagnetism and U-Pb geochronology of Michipicoten Island: Precise calibration of the Keweenawan polar wander track
    • Palmer, H.C., and Davis, D.W. 1987. Paleomagnetism and U-Pb geochronology of Michipicoten Island: precise calibration of the Keweenawan polar wander track. Precambrian Research, 37: 157-171.
    • (1987) Precambrian Research , vol.37 , pp. 157-171
    • Palmer, H.C.1    Davis, D.W.2
  • 67
    • 0001145360 scopus 로고
    • Paleomagnetism of the Powder Mill Group, Michigan and Wisconsin: A reassessment of the Logan loop
    • Palmer, H.C., and Halls, H.C. 1986. Paleomagnetism of the Powder Mill Group, Michigan and Wisconsin: a reassessment of the Logan loop. Journal of Geophysical Research, 91: 11 571 - 11 580.
    • (1986) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.91 , pp. 11571-11580
    • Palmer, H.C.1    Halls, H.C.2
  • 68
    • 0028193329 scopus 로고
    • A role for lower continental crust in flood basalt genesis? Isotopic and incompatible element study of the lower six formations of the western Deccan traps
    • Peng, Z.X., Mahoney, J.J., Hooper, P., Harris, C., and Beane, J. 1994. A role for lower continental crust in flood basalt genesis? Isotopic and incompatible element study of the lower six formations of the western Deccan traps. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58: 267-288.
    • (1994) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.58 , pp. 267-288
    • Peng, Z.X.1    Mahoney, J.J.2    Hooper, P.3    Harris, C.4    Beane, J.5
  • 69
    • 0024903908 scopus 로고
    • Flood basalts and hot-spot tracks: Plume heads and tails
    • Washington, D.C.
    • Richards, M.A., Duncan, R.A., and Courtillot, V.E. 1989. Flood basalts and hot-spot tracks: plume heads and tails. Science (Washington, D.C.), 246: 103-107.
    • (1989) Science , vol.246 , pp. 103-107
    • Richards, M.A.1    Duncan, R.A.2    Courtillot, V.E.3
  • 70
    • 0030684093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-Os isotopic compositions of Midcontinent rift system picrites: Implications for plume-lithosphere interaction and enriched mantle sources
    • Shirey, S.B. 1997. Re-Os isotopic compositions of Midcontinent rift system picrites: implications for plume-lithosphere interaction and enriched mantle sources. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 34: 489-503.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.34 , pp. 489-503
    • Shirey, S.B.1
  • 71
    • 0028586556 scopus 로고
    • Temporal changes in the sources of flood basalts: Isotopic and trace element evidence from the 1100 Ma old Keweenawan Mamainse Point Formation, Ontario, Canada
    • Shirey, S.B., Klewin, K.W., Berg, J.H., and Carlson, R.W. 1994. Temporal changes in the sources of flood basalts: isotopic and trace element evidence from the 1100 Ma old Keweenawan Mamainse Point Formation, Ontario, Canada. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58: 4475-4490.
    • (1994) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.58 , pp. 4475-4490
    • Shirey, S.B.1    Klewin, K.W.2    Berg, J.H.3    Carlson, R.W.4
  • 72
    • 0024939253 scopus 로고
    • Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes
    • Edited by A.D. Saunders and M.J. Norry. Geological Society Special Publication (London)
    • Sun, S.-S., and McDonough, W.F. 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. In Magmatism in the ocean basins. Edited by A.D. Saunders and M.J. Norry. Geological Society Special Publication (London), no. 42, pp. 313-345.
    • (1989) Magmatism in the Ocean Basins , vol.42 , pp. 313-345
    • Sun, S.-S.1    McDonough, W.F.2
  • 73
    • 0023513375 scopus 로고
    • Petrology of Middle Proterozoic diabases and picrites from Lake Nipigon, Canada
    • Sutcliffe, R.H. 1987. Petrology of Middle Proterozoic diabases and picrites from Lake Nipigon, Canada. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 96: 201-211.
    • (1987) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology , vol.96 , pp. 201-211
    • Sutcliffe, R.H.1
  • 74
    • 0021044110 scopus 로고
    • Continental flood basalts . . . Arachnids rule OK?
    • Edited by C.J. Hawkesworth and M.J. Norry. Shiva, Nantwich, U.K.
    • Thompson, R.N., Morrison, M.A., Dickin, A.P., and Hendry, G.L. 1983. Continental flood basalts . . . Arachnids rule OK? In Continental basalts and mantle xenoliths. Edited by C.J. Hawkesworth and M.J. Norry. Shiva, Nantwich, U.K. pp. 158-185.
    • (1983) Continental Basalts and Mantle Xenoliths , pp. 158-185
    • Thompson, R.N.1    Morrison, M.A.2    Dickin, A.P.3    Hendry, G.L.4
  • 75
    • 0028830526 scopus 로고
    • The nature of the subcontinental mantle: Constraints from the major-element composition of continental flood basalts
    • Turner, S., and Hawkesworth, C. 1995. The nature of the subcontinental mantle: constraints from the major-element composition of continental flood basalts. Chemical Geology, 120: 295-314.
    • (1995) Chemical Geology , vol.120 , pp. 295-314
    • Turner, S.1    Hawkesworth, C.2
  • 77
    • 0001784171 scopus 로고
    • Early and middle Proterozoic provinces in the central United States
    • Edited by A. Kröner. American Geophysical Union, Geodynamics Series
    • Van Schmus, W. R., Bickford, M. E., and Zietz, I. 1987. Early and middle Proterozoic provinces in the central United States. In Proterozoic lithospheric evolution. Edited by A. Kröner. American Geophysical Union, Geodynamics Series, 1, pp. 43-68.
    • (1987) Proterozoic Lithospheric Evolution , vol.1 , pp. 43-68
    • Van Schmus, W.R.1    Bickford, M.E.2    Zietz, I.3
  • 79
    • 0030670051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of evolved magmas in the Midcontinent rift system, northeast Minnesota: Nd-isotope evidence for melting of Archean crust
    • Vervoort, J.D., and Green, J.C. 1997. Origin of evolved magmas in the Midcontinent rift system, northeast Minnesota: Nd-isotope evidence for melting of Archean crust. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 34: 521-535.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.34 , pp. 521-535
    • Vervoort, J.D.1    Green, J.C.2
  • 80
    • 0027070126 scopus 로고
    • Magmatism during and after continental break-up
    • Edited by B.C. Klewin, T. Alabaster, and R.J. Pankhurst. Geological Society Special Publication (London)
    • White, R.S. 1992. Magmatism during and after continental break-up. In Magmatism and the causes of continental break-up. Edited by B.C. Klewin, T. Alabaster, and R.J. Pankhurst. Geological Society Special Publication (London), No. 68, pp. 1-16.
    • (1992) Magmatism and the Causes of Continental Break-up , vol.68 , pp. 1-16
    • White, R.S.1
  • 81
    • 0030696061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mantle temperature and lithospheric thinning beneath the Midcontinent rift system: Evidence from magmatism and subsidence
    • White, R.S. 1997. Mantle temperature and lithospheric thinning beneath the Midcontinent rift system: evidence from magmatism and subsidence. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 34: 464-475.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.34 , pp. 464-475
    • White, R.S.1
  • 82
    • 0024875682 scopus 로고
    • Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
    • White, R.S., and McKenzie, D. 1989. Magmatism at rift zones: the generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94: 7685-7729.
    • (1989) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.94 , pp. 7685-7729
    • White, R.S.1    McKenzie, D.2
  • 85
    • 0004590824 scopus 로고
    • The native-copper deposits of northern Michigan
    • Edited by J.D. Ridge. American Institute of Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum Engineering, New York
    • White, W.S. 1968. The native-copper deposits of northern Michigan. In Ore deposits of the United States, 1933-1967 (Graton-Sales volume). Vol. 1. Edited by J.D. Ridge. American Institute of Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum Engineering, New York, pp. 303-325.
    • (1968) Ore Deposits of the United States, 1933-1967 (Graton-Sales Volume) , vol.1 , pp. 303-325
    • White, W.S.1
  • 86
    • 0030665222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U-Th-Pb zircon ages of some Keweenawan Supergroup rocks from the south shore of Lake Superior
    • Zartman, R.E., Nicholson, S.W., Cannon, W.F., and Morey, G.B. 1997. U-Th-Pb zircon ages of some Keweenawan Supergroup rocks from the south shore of Lake Superior. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 34: 549-561.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.34 , pp. 549-561
    • Zartman, R.E.1    Nicholson, S.W.2    Cannon, W.F.3    Morey, G.B.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.