Procainamide induced change of the width of the zone of entrainment and its relation to the inducibility of reentrant ventricular tachycardia

PACE - Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology

Volumn 20, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 2789-2798

  Aizawa, Yoshifusa ^a   Tanabe, Yasutaka ^b   Naitoh, Naoki ^a   Washizuka, Takash ^b   Shibata, Akira ^b   Josephson, Mark E ^a  

^a NIIGATA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Excitable gap; Noninducibility; Procainamide; Reentrant ventricular tachycardia; Zone of entrainment

Indexed keywords

PROCAINAMIDE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; FEMALE; HEART CYCLE; HEART VENTRICLE TACHYCARDIA; HUMAN; MALE; QRS COMPLEX; REENTRY ARRHYTHMIA; SINUS NODE CONDUCTION VELOCITY;

ADOLESCENT; ADRENERGIC BETA-AGONISTS; ADULT; AGED; ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS; CARDIAC PACING, ARTIFICIAL; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFUSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; ISOPROTERENOL; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROCAINAMIDE; TACHYCARDIA, ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODAL REENTRY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0030663964     PISSN: 01478389     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1997.tb05437.x     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Waldo AL, Henthorn RW, Plumb VJ, et al. Demonstration of the mechanism of transient entrainment and interruption of ventricular tachycardia with rapid atrial pacing. J Am Coll Cardiol 1984; 3:422-30.
2. Okumura K, Olshansky B, Henthorn RW, et al. Demonstration of the presence of slow conduction during sustained ventricular tachycardia in man: Use of entrainment of the tachycardia. Circulation 1987; 75:369-378.
3. Almendral JM, Stamato NJ, Rosenthal ME, et al. Resetting response patterns during sustained ventricular tachycardia: Relationship to the excitable gap. Circulation 1986; 74:722-730.
4. Kay GN, Epstein AE, Plumb VJ. Incidence of reentry with excitable gap in ventricular tachycardia: A prospective evaluating utilizing transient entrainment. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988; 11:530-538.
5. Aizawa Y, Niwano S, Chinushi M, et al. Incidence and mechanism of interruption of reentrant ventricular tachycardia %vith rapid ventricular pacing. Circulation 1992; 85:589-595.
6. Aizawa Y, Nitoh N, Kitazawa H, et al. Frequency of presumed reentry with an excitable gap in sustained ventricular tachycardia unassociated with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1993; 72:916-921.
7. Fisher JD, Cohen HL, Mehra R, et al. Cardiac pacing and pacemakers II: Serial electrophysiologicpharmacologic testing for control of recurrent sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Am Heart J 1977; 93:658-668.
8. Horowitz LN, Josephson ME. Intracardiac electrophysiologic studies as a method for optimization of drug therapy in chronic ventricular tachycardia. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1980; 23:81-98.
9. Mitchell LB, Duff HJ, Manyari DE, et al. A randomized clinical trial of the noninvasive and invasive approaches to drug therapy of ventricular tachycardia. N Engl J Med 1987; 317:1681-1687.
10. Kay GN, Epstein AE, Plumb VJ. Preferential action of procainamide on the reentrant circuit of ventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989; 14:382-390.
11. Aizawa Y, Funazaki T, Ebe K, et al. Quantitative evaluation of antiarrhythmic agents on the reeentrant circuit of ventricular tachycardia. Jpn J Electrocardiol 1991; 11:249-257.
12. Aizawa Y, Ebe K, Shibata A. Conduction through the reentrant circuit in recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia evaluated by transient entrainment. Jpn Cir J 1990; 54:1113-1121.
13. Fontaine G, Guiraudon G, Frank R. Surgical treatment of ventricular tachycardia unrelated to myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1982; 49: 397-410.
14. Wellens HJJ. Value and limitations of programmed electrical stimulation in ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 1978; 57:845-853.
15. Josephson ME, Horowitz LN, Farshidi A, et al. Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia. I. Mechanism. Circulation 1978; 57:431-440.
16. Josephson ME, Horowitz LN, Spielman SR, et al. Role of catheter mapping in the preoperative evaluation of ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 1982;49:207-410.
17. Vaughan-Williams EM. Classification of antidysrhythmic drugs. In E Sandoe, E Flensted-Jensen, HK Olsen HK, (eds.): Symposium on Cardiac Arrhythmias. Sodertalji, Sweden, AB Astra, 1970, pp. 449-472.
18. Marchlinski FE, Buxton AE, Vassallo JA, et al. Comparative electrophysiologic effects of intravenous and oral procainamide in patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol 1984; 4:1247-1254.
19. Morady F, Kou WH, Schmaltz S, et al. Pharmacodynamics of intravenous procainamide as used during acute electropharmacologic testing. Am J Cardiol 1988; 61:93-98.
20. Gillis AM, Wyse DG, Duff HJ, et al. Drug response at electrophysiologic study in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias: The importance of ventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 17:914-920.
21. Spielman SR, Schwartz JS, McCarthy DM. Predictors of the success or failure of medical therapy in patients with chronic recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia: A discriminative analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1983; 1:401-408.
22. Kuchar DL, Rottman J, Berger E, et al. Prediction of successful suppression of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias by serial drug testing from data derived at the initial electrophysiologic study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988; 12:982-988.
23. Furukawa T, Rozanski JJ, Moroe K, et al. Efficacy of procainamide on ventricular tachycardia: Relation to prolongation of refractoriness and slowing of conduction. Am Heart J 1989; 118:702-708.
24. Waxman HL, Buxton AE, Sadowski LM, et al. The response to procainamide during electrophysiologic study for sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias predicts the response to other medications. Circulation 1982; 67:30-37.
25. Kus T, Costi P, Dubuc M, et al. Prolongation of ventricular refractoriness by class la antiarrhythmic drugs in the prevention of ventricular tachycardia induction. Am Heart J 1990; 120:855-863.
26. Gold RL, Haffajee CI, Alpert JS. Electrophysiologic and clinical factors influencing response to class IA antiarrhythmic agents in patients with inducible sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. Am Heart J 1986; 112:9-13.
27. Morady F, DiCarlo LA, de Buitler M, et al. Effects of incremental doses of procainamide on ventricular refractoriness, intraventricular conduction, and induction of ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 1986; 74:1355-1364.
28. Michleson EL, Spear JF, Moore N. Effects of pro-cainamide on strength-interval relations in normal and chronically infarcted canine myocardium. Am J Cardiol 1981; 47:1223-1232.
29. Myerburg RJ, Bassett AL, Epstein K, et al. Electrophysiologic effects of procainamide in acute and healed experimental ischémie injury of cat myocardium. CirRes 1982; 50:386-393.
30. Almendral JM, Rosenthal ME, Stamato NJ, et al. Analysis of the resetting phenomenon in sustained uniform ventricular tachycardia: Incidence and relation to termination. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 8:294-300.
31. Schmitt CG, Kadish AH, Marchlinski FE, et al. Effects of lidocaine and procainamide on normal and abnormal intraventricular electrograms during sinus rhythm. Circulation 1988; 77:1030-1037.
32. Kay GN, Epstein AE, Plumb VJ. Resetting of ventricular tachycardia by single extrastimuli. Relation to slow conduction within the reentrant circuit. Circulation 1993; 81:1507-1519.
33. Stamato NJ, Rosenthal ME, Almendral JM, et al. The resetting response of ventricular tachycardia to single and double extrastimuli: Implications for an excitable gap. Am J Cardiol 1987; 60:596-601.
34. Naccarelli GV, Zipes DP, Rahilly GT, et al. Influence of tachycardia cycle length and antiarrhythmic drugs on pacing termination and acceleration of ventricular tachycardia. Am Heart J 1983; 105:1-5.
35. Brugada P, Boersma L, Abdollah H, et al. Echowave termination of ventricular tachycardia. A common mechanism of termination of reentrant arrhythmias by various pharmacological interventions. Circulation 1992; 85:1879-1887.
36. Denes P, Wu D, Dhingra R, et al. The effects of cycle length on cardiac refractory period in man. Circulation 1974; 45:32-41.
37. Morady F, Kadish AH, Thivonen LK, et al. The maximal effect on an increase in rate on human ventricular refractoriness. PACE 1988; 11:2223-2234.
38. Josephson ME. Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia. In ME Josephson (ed.): Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology. Technique and Interpretation. 2nd edition. Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1993, pp. 417-615.