Mixed transport/reaction control of gypsum dissolution kinetics in aqueous solutions and initiation of gypsum karst

Chemical Geology

Volumn 140, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 29-48

  Raines, Michael A ^a   Dewers, Thomas A ^b  

^a Texaco Explor and Production Inc   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

Author keywords

Dissolution; Gypsum; Karst

Indexed keywords

DISSOLUTION; GYPSUM; KARST;

EID: 0030663022     PISSN: 00092541     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00018-1     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Anderson, R., Fleisher, M., Santschi, P.H., 1990. Measurements of diffusive sublayer thicknesses and their implications for the measurements of benthic fluxes. EOS, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 71, 124.
2. Arnould, M., Deveughele, M., Usseglio-Polatera, J.M., 1979. Translated title: Cartography of exposed risk zones related to the dissolution of the gypsum fraction of the marly carbonates of Saint Ouen in the 19th and 20th Wards of Paris. Connaître le Sous-Sol un Atout pour L'Aménagement Urbain, 1: 83-94.
3. Barton, A.F.M., Wilde, N.M., 1971. Dissolution rates of polycrystalline samples of gypsum and orthorhombic forms of calcium sulphate by a rotating disc method. Trans. Faraday Soc. 67, 3590-3597.
4. Berner, R.A., 1981. Kinetics of weathering and diagenesis. In: A.C. Lasaga and R.J. Kirkpatrick (Editors), Reviews in Mineralogy. Mineral. Soc. Am., Washington, D.C., pp. 111-114.
5. Berner, R.A., Morse, J.W., 1974. Dissolution kinetics of calcium carbonate in seawater, IV. Theory of calcite dissolution. Am. J. Sci. 274, 108-134.
6. Bischoff, J., Julia, R., Shanks, W., Rosenbauer, R., 1994. Karstification without carbonic acid: bedrock dissolution by gypsum-driven dedolomitization. Geology 22, 995-998.
7. Bosbach, D., Rammensee, W., 1994. In situ investigation of growth and dissolution on the (010) surface of gypsum by scanning force microscopy. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58, 843-849.
8. Bosbach, D., Hochella, M.F., Jr., Rammensee, W., 1994. Growth and dissolution of gypsum: an in situ study with scanning force microscopy down to the molecular scale. Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Prog., 26: A-351.
9. Boudreau, B.P., Guinasso, Jr., N.L., 1982. The influence of a diffusive sublayer on accretion, dissolution, and diagenesis at the sea floor. In: K.A. Fanning and F.T. Manheim (Editors), Dynamic Environment of the Ocean Floor. Lexington Books, Lexington, Mass., pp. 115-145.
10. Casey, W.H., 1987. Heterogeneous kinetics and diffusion boundary layers: the example of reaction in a fracture. J. Geophys. Res. 92, 8007-8013.
11. Christofferson, J., Christofferson, M.R., 1976. The kinetics of calcium sulphate dihydrate in water. J. Crystal Growth 35, 79-88.
12. Cooper, A.H., 1995. Subsidence hazards due to the dissolution of Permian gypsum in England: investigations and remediation. In: A. Beck (Editor), Karst GeoHazards. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 23-29.
13. Cornet, I., Lewis, W.N., Kappesser, R., 1969. The effect of surface roughness on mass transfer to a rotating disk. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 47, T222-T226.
14. Cruft, E.F., Chao, P.-C., 1970. Nucleation kinetics of the gypsum-anhydrite system. Third Int. Symp. Salt. Northern Ohio Geological Society, Cleveland, Ohio, pp. 109-118.
15. Davies, C.W., Jones, A.L., 1955. The precipitation of silver chloride from aqueous solutions, Parts 2-4. Trans. Faraday Soc. 51, 812-829.
16. Dreybrodt, W., 1988. Processes in Karst Systems: Physics, Chemistry, and Geology. Springer-Verlag, New York.
17. Dreybrodt, W., Buhmann, D., 1991. A mass transfer model for dissolution and precipitation of calcite from solutions in turbulent motion. Chem. Geol. 90, 107-122.
18. 2 outgassing: field measurements of precipitation rates in comparison to theoretical predictions. Chem. Geol. 97, 285-294.
19. Ford, D.C., Drake, J.J., 1982. Spatial and temporal variations in karst solution rates: The structure of variability. In: C.E. Thorn (Editor), Space and Time in Geomorphology. George Allen and Unwin, Boston, Mass., pp. 147-170.
20. Frank-Kamenitskii, D.A., 1955. Diffusion and Heat Exchange in Chemical Kinetics (translated from Russian). Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 370 pp.
21. Frenkel, H., Gerstl, Z., Alperovitch, N., 1989. Exchange-induced dissolution of gypsum and the reclamation of sodic soils. J. Soil Sci. 40, 599-611.
22. Gobran, G.R., Miyamoto, S., 1985. Dissolution rate of gypsum in aqueous salt solutions. Soil Sci. 140, 89-93.
23. Gorbunova, K.A., 1977. Morphology of gypsum karst. In: T.D. Ford (Editor), Proceedings of the 7th International Speliological Congress. British Cave Research Association, Sheffield, pp. 221-222.
24. Gregory, D.P., Riddiford, A.C., 1956. Transport to the surface of a rotating disc. J. Chem. Soc. 159, 3756-3764.
25. Groves, C.G., Howard, A.D., 1994. Minimum hydrochemical conditions allowing limestone cave development. Water Resour. Res. 30, 607-615.
26. Herman, J.S., 1982. The Dissolution Kinetics of Calcite, Dolomite, and Dolomitic Rocks in the Carbon Dioxide-Water System. Ph.D. Dissertation, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Penn.
27. Herman, J.S., White, W.B., 1985. Dissolution kinetics of dolomite: effects of lithology and fluid flow velocity. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49, 2017-2026.
28. 2 less than 0.01 atm and pH greater than 8. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49, 2165-2180.
29. James, A.N., Lupton, A.R.R., 1978. Gypsum and anhydrite in foundations of hydraulic structures. Geotechnique 28, 249-272.
30. James, A.N., Cooper, A.H., Holliday, D.W., 1981. Solution of the gypsum cliff (Permian, Middle Marl) by the River Ure at Ripon Parks, North Yorkshire. Proc. Yorkshire Geol. Soc. 43, 433-450.
31. Johnson, K.S., 1990. Hydrogeology and Karst of the Blaine Gypsum-Dolomite Aquifer, Southwestern Oklahoma: Field Trip #15 Guidebook. Special Publication 90-5. Oklahoma Geological Survey, Norman, Okla.
32. Johnson, K.S., 1992. Evaporite karst in the Permian Blaine Formation and associated strata in Western Oklahoma, USA. In: W. Back, J.S. Herman, and H. Paloc (Editors), Hydrogeology of Selected Karst Regions. International Contributions to Hydrogeology, International Association of Hydrogeologists, Verlag Heinz Heise, Hannover, 13, pp. 405-420.
33. Kagawa, M., Sheehan, M.E., Nancollas, G.H., 1981. The crystal growth of gypsum in an ammoniacal environment. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 43, 917-920.
34. Karshin, V.P., Grigoryan, V.A., 1970. Kinetics of the dissolution of gypsum in water. Russian J. Phys. Chem. 44, 762-763.
35. Kazmierczak, T.F., Tomson, M.B., Nancollas, G.H., 1982. Crystal growth of calcium carbonate: a controlled composition kinetic study. J. Phys. Chem. 86, 103-107.
36. Keisling, T.C., Rao, P.S.C., Jessup, R.E., 1978. Pertinent criteria for describing the dissolution of gypsum beds in flowing water. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42, 234-236.
37. Kemper, W.D., Olsen, J., DeMooy, C.J., 1975. Dissolution rate of gypsum in flowing water. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 39, 458-464.
38. Keren, R., O'Connor, G.A., 1982. Gypsum dissolution and sodic soil reclamation as affected by water flow velocity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 46, 726-732.
39. Keren, R., Shainberg, I., 1981. Effect of dissolution rate on the efficiency of industrial and mined gypsum in improving infiltration of a sodic soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 45, 103-107.
40. Knox, R., Sabatini, D.A., Canter, L.W., 1993. Subsurface Transport and Fate Processes. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Fla.
41. Levich, V.G., 1962. Physicochemical Hydrodynamics. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
42. Liu, S.-T., Nancollas, G.H., 1971. The kinetics of dissolution of calcium sulfate dihydrate. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 33, 2311-2316.
43. Maclnnis, I.N., Brantley, S.L., 1992. The role of dislocations and surface morphology in calcite dissolution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 1113-1126.
44. Massop, G.D., 1976. The petrology of secondary alabastrine gypsum rocks . 25th Int. Geol. Congr., Abstr. Resumes 1, 216-217.
45. Mercado, A., 1972. The Kinetics of Mineral Dissolution in Aquifers and Their Use for Hydrologic Investigations. Ph.D. Dissertation, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, N.M.
46. Mercado, A., Billings, G.K., 1975. The kinetics of mineral dissolution in carbonate aquifers as a tool for hydrological investigations, I. Concentration-time relationships. J. Hydrol. 24, 303-331.
47. Murphy, W., Oelkers, E., Lichtner, P., 1989. Surface reaction versus diffusion control of mineral dissolution and growth rates in geochemical processes. Chem. Geol. 78, 357-380.
48. Navas, A., 1990. The effect of hydrochemical factors on dissolution rate of gypsiferous rocks in flowing water. Earth Surf. Process. Landforms 15, 709-715.
49. Nernst, W., 1904. Theorie der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit in heterogenen Systemen. Z. Phys. Chem. 47, 52-55.
50. Ohmoto, H., Hayashi, K., Onuma, K., Tsukamoto, K., Kitakaze, A., Nakano, Y., Yamaoto, Y., 1991. Solubility and reaction kinetics of solution-solid reactions determined by in situ observations. Nature 351, 634-636.
51. Opdyke, B.N., Gust, G., Ledwell, J.R., 1987. Mass transfer from smooth alabaster surfaces in turbulent flows. Geophys. Res. Lett. 14, 1131-1134.
52. Osborne, N., Fabian, R., Young, R. Ahern, J., 1993. Aquifer recharge demonstration and geophysical monitoring in southwestern Oklahoma. In: Midcontinent Geophysical Symposium, Geophysical Society of Oklahoma City Continuing Education Program.
53. Palmer, A.N., 1984. Recent trends in karst geomorphology. J. Geol. Educ. 32, 247-253.
54. 2. Am. J. Sci. 278, 179-216.
55. Plummer, L.N., Parkhurst, D.L., Flemming, G.W., Dunkle, S.A., 1988. A computer program incorporating Pitzer's equations for calculating geochemical reactions in brines. U.S. Geol. Surv. Water Resour. Invest. Rep., #88-4153, 310 pp.
56. Posey-Dowty, J., Crerar, D., Hellman, R., 1986. Kinetics of mineral-water reactions: theory, design and application of circulating hydrothermal equipment. Am. Mineral. 71, 85-94.
57. Raines, M., 1995. Saturation Effects on Gypsum Dissolution Kinetics with Implications for Karst Development. Unpubl. Masters Thesis, University of Oklahoma, 183 pp.
58. Rice, J.R. and Boisvert, R.F., 1985. Solving Elliptic Problems Using ELLPACK. Springer-Verlag, New York, 497 pp.
59. Rickard, D., Sjöberg, E.L., 1983. Mixed kinetic control of calcite dissolution rates. Am. J. Sci. 283, 815-830.
60. Rimstidt, J.D., Dove, P.M., 1986. Mineral/solution reaction rates in a mixed flow reactor: Wollastonite hydrolysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 50, 2509-2516.
61. Rizkalla, E.N., 1983. Kinetics of the crystallization of barium sulphate: effect of additives, stirring rate and barium: sulphate ratio on the rate of precipitation. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans, 1, 1857-1867.
62. Runkle, D.L., Johnson, K.S., 1988. Hydrogeologic study of a gypsum-dolomite karst aquifer in southwestern Oklahoma and adjacent parts of Texas, U.S.A., I. Proc. Int. Assoc. Hydrol. 21st Congr., Karst Hydrogeology and Karst Environment Protection, pp. 400-405.
63. Shiraki, R., Brantley, S.L., 1995. Kinetics of near-equilibrium calcite precipitation at 100°C: an evaluation of elementary reaction-based and affinity-based rate laws. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 1457-1471.
64. Sjöberg, E.L., 1976. A fundamental equation for calcite dissolution kinetics. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 40, 441-447.
65. Sjöberg, E.L., Rickard, D.T., 1983. Calcite dissolution kinetics: surface speciation and the origin of the variable pH dependence. Chem. Geol. 42, 119-136.
66. Sjöberg, E.L., Rickard, D.T., 1984. Temperature dependence of calcite dissolution kinetics between 1 and 62°C at pH 2.7 to 8.4 in aqueous solutions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48, 485-493.
67. Sweet, G.A., 1977. Hydrogeology of gypsum karst in Newfoundland. In: T.D. Ford (Editor), Proceedings of the 7th International Speliological Congress. Br. Cave Res. Assoc., Sheffield, pp. 390-391.
68. Treyvus, E.B., Moshkin, S.V., Il'Inskaya, T.G., 1981. Translated title: Crystal growth kinetics of gypsum. Zh. Fiz. Khim. 55, 112-115.
69. Weyl, P.K., 1958. The solution kinetics of calcite. J. Geol. 66, 163-176.
70. White, W.B., 1977. Role of solution kinetics in the development of karst aquifers. Int. Assoc. Hydrogeol. Mem. 12, 503-517.
71. White, W.B., 1988. Geomorphology and Hydrology of Karst Terrains. Oxford University Press, New York, 464 pp.