Ethnos, demos and democratization: A comparison of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland

Democratization

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 28-56

  Nagle, John ^a  

^a SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPARATIVE STUDY; DEMOCRATISATION; ETHNICITY; ETHNOPOLITICS; INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON; NATIONAL POLITICS; POST-COMMUNISM;

CZECH REPUBLIC; HUNGARY; POLAND;

EID: 0030662383     PISSN: 13510347     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13510349708403514     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Michael Ignatieff argues that German romantic intellectuals invented the modern concept of ethnos in the course of the Napoleonic Wars, and he contrasts this 'bad' ethnic nationalism with the 'good' Western version of civic nationalism, based on demos. See Michael Ignatieff, Blood and Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism (New York: Noonday Press, 1993), pp. 6-8, 14, 87. See also Reinhard Kühnl, 'Ethnos, Demos and the Particularity of German Nationalism', paper presented at the South African Sociology Association conference in Durban, 6-11 July 1996.
2. Michael Ignatieff argues that German romantic intellectuals invented the modern concept of ethnos in the course of the Napoleonic Wars, and he contrasts this 'bad' ethnic nationalism with the 'good' Western version of civic nationalism, based on demos. See Michael Ignatieff, Blood and Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism (New York: Noonday Press, 1993), pp. 6-8, 14, 87. See also Reinhard Kühnl, 'Ethnos, Demos and the Particularity of German Nationalism', paper presented at the South African Sociology Association conference in Durban, 6-11 July 1996.
3. Nicholas Xenos, 'Civic Nationalism: Oxymoron', paper presented at the annual APSA meeting in Chicago (29Aug.-1 Sept. 1996); Hans Kohn, The Idea of Nationalism (New York: Macmillan, 1945).
4. Nicholas Xenos, 'Civic Nationalism: Oxymoron', paper presented at the annual APSA meeting in Chicago (29Aug.-1 Sept. 1996); Hans Kohn, The Idea of Nationalism (New York: Macmillan, 1945).
5. Karen Dawisha and Bruce Parrott, Russia and the New States of Eurasia (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994), p.125.
6. Andrew Janos, 'Continuity and Change in Eastern Europe: Strategies of Post-Communist Politics', in B. Crawford (ed.), Markets, States, and Democracy (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1995), p. 160.
7. Ibid.
8. Daniel Chirot, 'National Liberation and Nationalist Nightmares', in Crawford (ed.). Markets, States, p.64.
9. Jeffrey Goldfarb, After the Fall: The Pursuit of Democracy in Central Europe (New York: Basic Books, 1992); Ignatieff, Blood and Belonging; William Pfaff, The Wrath of Nations: Civilization and the Furies of Nationalism (New York: Touchstone, 1993).
10. Jeffrey Goldfarb, After the Fall: The Pursuit of Democracy in Central Europe (New York: Basic Books, 1992); Ignatieff, Blood and Belonging; William Pfaff, The Wrath of Nations: Civilization and the Furies of Nationalism (New York: Touchstone, 1993).
11. Jeffrey Goldfarb, After the Fall: The Pursuit of Democracy in Central Europe (New York: Basic Books, 1992); Ignatieff, Blood and Belonging; William Pfaff, The Wrath of Nations: Civilization and the Furies of Nationalism (New York: Touchstone, 1993).
12. Alison Mahr and John Nagle, 'Resurrection of the Successor Parties and Democratization in East-Central Europe', Communist and Post-Communist Studies, Vol.28, No.4 (1995), pp.393-409.
13. Alaina Lemon, Open Media Research Institute (OMRI) Daily Digest II (20 March 1996).
14. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (10 May 1996).
15. Chirot, 'National Liberation', p.62.
16. Jan Cleave, OMRI Daily Digest II (31 Jan. 1996).
17. Alena Wagnerova, 'Tschechischer Nationalismus?', Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik, Vol.3, (1996), pp. 263-6.
18. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (29 April 1996).
19. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (30 May 1996).
20. Pavel Konecny, 'Die Mythen in mir', Die Zeit, 16 Feb. 1996, p. 5.
21. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (19 March 1996).
22. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (25 March 1996).
23. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (20 March 1996).
24. Jane Perlez, 'Czechs Use Laws to Exclude Gypsies From Gaining Citizenship and Voting', New York Times, 27 Dec. 1995, p.A8.
25. John Nagle, 'Political Generation Theory and Post-Communist Youth in East-Central Europe', in Research in Social Movements, Conflicts, and Change (New York: JAI Press, 1994), pp.38-9.
26. Helmut Willems, 'Gewalt gegen Fremde: Täter, Strukturen, und Eskalationsprozesse', Der Bürger im Staat, Vol.43, No.2 (1993), pp.143-8.
27. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (2 Feb. 1996).
28. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (28 Dec. 1995).
29. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (22 Feb. 1996).
30. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (13 May 1996).
31. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (19 June 1996).
32. Cited by Konecny, 'Die Mythen in mir', p.5.
33. Ibid.
34. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (20 May 1996).
35. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (17 June 1996).
36. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (5 June 1996).
37. Perlez, 'Czechs use Laws', p.A8.
38. Ibid.
39. Cited in Perlez, 'Czechs use Laws', pA8.
40. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (22 Feb. 1996).
41. Alaina Lemon, OMRI Daily Digest II (7 March 1996).
42. Erika Schlager, 'UNHCR Report Says Czech Citizenship Law Violates International Law' CSCE Digest. Vol.19, No.4 (1996), p. 5.
43. Anthony Smith, 'The Dark Side of Nationalism', in L. Cheles, R. Ferguson, and M. Vaughan (eds.), The Far Right in Western and Eastern Europe (London: Longman, 1995), p.16.
44. See Mahr and Nagle, 'Resunrection of the Successor Parties'.
45. Tina Rosenberg, The Haunted Land: Facing Europe's Ghosts after Communism (New York: Random House, 1995), pp.153-5.
46. This element of a revived successor party has been absent in the Czech Republic, where the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia has remained politically inert and unreformed, offering no viable non-ethnos basis for a new national politics (the communists got about eight per cent of the vote in the 1996 elections. The non-successor Czech Social Democratic Party (CSSD), which did very well in the most recent May/June 1996 elections (26.4 per cent of the vote, compared to 29.6 per cent for Vaclav Klaus's governing Civic Democratic Party (ODS), has not yet demonstrated any commitment to opposing Czech ethnos-politics (Jiri Pehe, OMRI Daily Digest II, 3 June 1996). Because it is not a successor party, the CSSD does not carry the historical legacy of secular anti-nationalism associated with the former ruling communist parties, and it has more of a choice as to whether it will oppose ethnic nationalism with its own vision of civic nationalism based on a demos-politics.
47. Goldfarb, pp.117-18.
48. Ibid., p.118.
49. Eva Hoffman, Exit into History: A Journey Through the New Eastern Europe (New York: Penguin, 1993), pp.204-5.
50. Sharon Fisher, OMRI Daily Digest II (11 March 1996).
51. Sharon Fisher, OMRI Daily Digest II (25 Oct. 1996).
52. Sharon Fisher, OMRI Daily Digest II (15 March 1996).
53. Zsofia Szilagyi, OMRI Daily Digest II (19 March 1996).
54. Ben Slay, OMRI Daily Digest II (13 Sept. 1996); Zsofia Szilagyi, OMRI Daily Digest II (6 Sept. 1996).
55. Ben Slay, OMRI Daily Digest II (13 Sept. 1996); Zsofia Szilagyi, OMRI Daily Digest II (6 Sept. 1996).
56. Zsofia Szilagyi, OMRI Daily Digest II (29 Oct. 1996).
57. Zsofia Szilagyi, OMRI Daily Digest II (6 Sept. 1996); Petronella Gaal, OMRI Daily Digest II (12 Sept. 1996).
58. Zsofia Szilagyi, OMRI Daily Digest II (6 Sept. 1996); Petronella Gaal, OMRI Daily Digest II (12 Sept. 1996).
59. Hoffman, p.59.
60. Rosenberg, The Haunted Land.
61. Hoffman, pp. 101-2.
62. Ibid., p.103.
63. Ibid., p.104.
64. Goldfarb, Ch.12.
65. Hoffman, p.115.
66. Anita Prazmowska, 'The New Right in Poland: Anti-Semitism and Parliamentarianism', in Cheles, Ferguson and Vaughan (eds.), The Far Right, p. 213.
67. Marian Dobrosielski, 'Polens Säkularisierung', Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik, Vol.1 (1996), pp.9-12.
68. Ibid., p.10.
69. Ibid., p.12.
70. Jakub Karpinski, OMRI Daily Digest II (29 April 1996).
71. Dagmar Mroziewicz, OMRI Daily Digest II (7 March 1996).
72. Dagmar Mroziewicz, OMRI Daily Digest II (20 May 1996).
73. See especially Andrew Janos, 'Continuity and Change in Eastern Europe', in Crawford (ed.), Markets, States and Democracy.
74. Larry Watts, 'Ethnic Tensions in East and Central Europe', World Policy Journal, Vol.XII, No.1 (1995), p.91.
75. Beverly Crawford, 'Post-Communist Political Economy: A Framework for the Analysis of Reform', in Crawford, Markets, States and Democracy, p. 27.
76. David Ost, 'Labor, Class and Democracy: Shaping Antagonisms in Post-Communist Society', in Crawford, Markets. States and Democracy, p.177.
77. Peter Passell, 'Central Europe is Unsettled by a Currency Union for West Europe', New York Times, 16 May 1996, p.D2.