메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 104, Issue 8-9, 1997, Pages 771-794

Causes and consequences of the loss of serotonergic presynapses elicited by the consumption of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') and its congeners

Author keywords

3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine; Degeneration; Ecstasy; MDMA; Neurotoxicity; Serotonin; Substituted amphetamines

Indexed keywords

3,4 METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; AMPHETAMINE DERIVATIVE; NEUROTRANSMITTER; SEROTONIN;

EID: 0030660459     PISSN: 03009564     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF01285547     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (99)

References (145)
  • 1
    • 0028333654 scopus 로고
    • PET-studies of presynaptic monoamine metabolism in depressed patients and healthy volunteers
    • Agrew H, Reibring L (1994) PET-studies of presynaptic monoamine metabolism in depressed patients and healthy volunteers. Pharmacopsychiat 27: 2-6
    • (1994) Pharmacopsychiat , vol.27 , pp. 2-6
    • Agrew, H.1    Reibring, L.2
  • 2
    • 0027340720 scopus 로고
    • Persistent effects of (+)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") on human sleep
    • Allen RP, McCann UD, Ricaurte GA (1993) Persistent effects of (+)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") on human sleep. Sleep 16: 560-564
    • (1993) Sleep , vol.16 , pp. 560-564
    • Allen, R.P.1    McCann, U.D.2    Ricaurte, G.A.3
  • 3
    • 0027512329 scopus 로고
    • Ecstasy, the serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome - A possible link?
    • Ames D, Wirshin WC (1993) Ecstasy, the serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome - a possible link? JAMA 269: 869
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.269 , pp. 869
    • Ames, D.1    Wirshin, W.C.2
  • 4
    • 0025840510 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical evidence for methamphetamine-induced serotonergic axon loss in the rat-brain
    • Axt KJ, Molliver ME (1991) Immunocytochemical evidence for methamphetamine-induced serotonergic axon loss in the rat-brain. Synapse 9: 302-313
    • (1991) Synapse , vol.9 , pp. 302-313
    • Axt, K.J.1    Molliver, M.E.2
  • 5
    • 0025285757 scopus 로고
    • α-methyl-p-tyrosine pretreatment partially prevents methamphetamine-induced endogenous neurotoxin formation
    • Axt KJ, Commins DL, Vosmer G, Seiden LS (1990) α-methyl-p-tyrosine pretreatment partially prevents methamphetamine-induced endogenous neurotoxin formation. Brain Res 515: 269-276
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.515 , pp. 269-276
    • Axt, K.J.1    Commins, D.L.2    Vosmer, G.3    Seiden, L.S.4
  • 6
    • 0026320767 scopus 로고
    • Awakening the sleeping giant; anatomy and plasticity of the brain serotonergic system
    • Azmitia EC, Whitaker-Azmitia PM (1991) Awakening the sleeping giant; anatomy and plasticity of the brain serotonergic system. J Clin Psychiatry 52: 4-16
    • (1991) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 4-16
    • Azmitia, E.C.1    Whitaker-Azmitia, P.M.2
  • 7
    • 0025616298 scopus 로고
    • Plasticity of fetal and adult CNS serotonergic neurons: Role of growth-regulatory factors
    • Azmitia EC, Frankfurt M, Davila M, Whitaker-Azmitia PM, Zhou F (1990a) Plasticity of fetal and adult CNS serotonergic neurons: role of growth-regulatory factors. Ann NY Acad Sci 600: 342-365
    • (1990) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.600 , pp. 342-365
    • Azmitia, E.C.1    Frankfurt, M.2    Davila, M.3    Whitaker-Azmitia, P.M.4    Zhou, F.5
  • 9
    • 0028986568 scopus 로고
    • 1A agonist and dexamethasone reversal of para-chloroamphetamine induced loss of MAP-2 and synaptophysin immunoreactivity in adult rat brain
    • 1A agonist and dexamethasone reversal of para-chloroamphetamine induced loss of MAP-2 and synaptophysin immunoreactivity in adult rat brain. Brain Res 677: 181-192
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.677 , pp. 181-192
    • Azmitia, E.C.1    Rubinstein, V.J.2    Strafaci, J.A.3    Pios, J.C.4    Whitaker-Azmitia, P.M.5
  • 11
    • 0023914535 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic profile of MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine) at various brain recognition sites
    • Battaglia G, Brooks BP, Kulsakdinun C, De Souza EB (1988) Pharmacologic profile of MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine) at various brain recognition sites. Eur J Pharmacol 149: 159-163
    • (1988) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.149 , pp. 159-163
    • Battaglia, G.1    Brooks, B.P.2    Kulsakdinun, C.3    De Souza, E.B.4
  • 12
    • 0025817030 scopus 로고
    • Neuroanatomic specificity and time course of alterations in rat brain serotonergic pathways induced by MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine): Assessment using quantitativ autoradiography
    • Battaglia G, Sharkey J, Kuhar MJ, De Souza EB (1991) Neuroanatomic specificity and time course of alterations in rat brain serotonergic pathways induced by MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine): assessment using quantitativ autoradiography. Synapse 8: 249-260
    • (1991) Synapse , vol.8 , pp. 249-260
    • Battaglia, G.1    Sharkey, J.2    Kuhar, M.J.3    De Souza, E.B.4
  • 13
    • 0026728355 scopus 로고
    • Accidental igestion "ecstasy" (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine)
    • Bedford-Russel AR, Schwartz RH, Dawling S (1992) Accidental igestion "ecstasy" (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). Arch Dis Child 67: 1114-1115
    • (1992) Arch Dis Child , vol.67 , pp. 1114-1115
    • Bedford-Russel, A.R.1    Schwartz, R.H.2    Dawling, S.3
  • 14
    • 0024532431 scopus 로고
    • Depletion of serotonin using p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) and reserpine protects against the neurotoxic effects of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) in the brain
    • Berger UV, Grzanna R, Molliver ME (1989) Depletion of serotonin using p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) and reserpine protects against the neurotoxic effects of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) in the brain. Exp Neurol 103: 111-115
    • (1989) Exp Neurol , vol.103 , pp. 111-115
    • Berger, U.V.1    Grzanna, R.2    Molliver, M.E.3
  • 15
    • 0025154992 scopus 로고
    • Unlike systemic administration of PCA, direct intracerebral injection does not cause neurotoxicity on 5-HT axons
    • Berger UV, Grzanna R, Molliver ME (1990) Unlike systemic administration of PCA, direct intracerebral injection does not cause neurotoxicity on 5-HT axons. Exp Neurol 109: 257-268
    • (1990) Exp Neurol , vol.109 , pp. 257-268
    • Berger, U.V.1    Grzanna, R.2    Molliver, M.E.3
  • 16
    • 0026553842 scopus 로고
    • The neurotoxic effects of p-chloroamphetamine in rat brain are blocked by prior depletetion of serotonin
    • Berger UV, Grzanna R, Molliver ME (1992a) The neurotoxic effects of p-chloroamphetamine in rat brain are blocked by prior depletetion of serotonin. Brain Res 578: 177-185
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.578 , pp. 177-185
    • Berger, U.V.1    Grzanna, R.2    Molliver, M.E.3
  • 17
    • 0026534558 scopus 로고
    • The substitued amphetamines 3,4-methylenedioxymethampethamine, methamphetamine, para-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine induce 5-hydroxytryptamine relase via a common mechanism blocked by fluoxetine and cocaine
    • Berger UV, Gu XF, Azmitia EC (1992b) The substitued amphetamines 3,4-methylenedioxymethampethamine, methamphetamine, para-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine induce 5-hydroxytryptamine relase via a common mechanism blocked by fluoxetine and cocaine. Eur J Pharmacol 215: 153-160
    • (1992) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.215 , pp. 153-160
    • Berger, U.V.1    Gu, X.F.2    Azmitia, E.C.3
  • 18
    • 0028202129 scopus 로고
    • Further studies of the role of hyperthermia in methamphetamine neurotoxicity
    • Bowyer JV, Davies DL, Schmued L (1994) Further studies of the role of hyperthermia in methamphetamine neurotoxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 286: 1571-1580
    • (1994) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.286 , pp. 1571-1580
    • Bowyer, J.V.1    Davies, D.L.2    Schmued, L.3
  • 19
    • 0025185361 scopus 로고
    • 3,4-MDMA-induced release of endogenous serotonin from the rat dorsal raphe nucleus in vitro: Effects of fluoxetine and tryptophan
    • Bradberry CW, Sprouse JS, Aghajanian GK, Roth RH (1990) 3,4-MDMA-induced release of endogenous serotonin from the rat dorsal raphe nucleus in vitro: effects of fluoxetine and tryptophan. Neurochem Int 17: 509-513
    • (1990) Neurochem Int , vol.17 , pp. 509-513
    • Bradberry, C.W.1    Sprouse, J.S.2    Aghajanian, G.K.3    Roth, R.H.4
  • 20
    • 0027278178 scopus 로고
    • Effect of acute monoamine depletion on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity
    • Brodkin J, Malyala A, Nash JF (1993) Effect of acute monoamine depletion on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 45: 647-653
    • (1993) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.45 , pp. 647-653
    • Brodkin, J.1    Malyala, A.2    Nash, J.F.3
  • 21
    • 0028043767 scopus 로고
    • Age modulates the long-term but not the acute effects of the serotonergic neurotoxicant 3,4-methylenediamphetamine
    • Broening HW, Bacon L, Slikker W jr (1994) Age modulates the long-term but not the acute effects of the serotonergic neurotoxicant 3,4-methylenediamphetamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 271: 285-293
    • (1994) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.271 , pp. 285-293
    • Broening, H.W.1    Bacon, L.2    Slikker Jr., W.3
  • 22
    • 0023192367 scopus 로고
    • Multiple severe complications from recreational ingestion of MDMA ("Ecstasy")
    • Brown C, Osterloh J (1987) Multiple severe complications from recreational ingestion of MDMA ("Ecstasy"). J Am Med Assoc 258: 780-781
    • (1987) J Am Med Assoc , vol.258 , pp. 780-781
    • Brown, C.1    Osterloh, J.2
  • 23
    • 0019786872 scopus 로고
    • Histochemistry of glycogen deposition in perinatal rat brain: Importance of radial glial cells
    • Brückner G, Biesold D (1981) Histochemistry of glycogen deposition in perinatal rat brain: importance of radial glial cells. J Neurocytol 10: 749-757
    • (1981) J Neurocytol , vol.10 , pp. 749-757
    • Brückner, G.1    Biesold, D.2
  • 24
    • 0025730305 scopus 로고
    • Ecstasy, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a fataly associated with coagulopathy and hyperthermia
    • Chadwick IS, Linsley A, Freemont AJ, Doran B, Curry PD (1991) Ecstasy, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a fataly associated with coagulopathy and hyperthermia. J Roy Soc Med 84: 371
    • (1991) J Roy Soc Med , vol.84 , pp. 371
    • Chadwick, I.S.1    Linsley, A.2    Freemont, A.J.3    Doran, B.4    Curry, P.D.5
  • 25
    • 0028258742 scopus 로고
    • pCPA reduces both monoaminergic afferents and non-monoaminergic synapses in the cerebral cortex
    • Cheng L, Hamaguchi K, Ogawa M, Hamada S, Okado N (1994) pCPA reduces both monoaminergic afferents and non-monoaminergic synapses in the cerebral cortex. Neurosci Res 19: 111-115
    • (1994) Neurosci Res , vol.19 , pp. 111-115
    • Cheng, L.1    Hamaguchi, K.2    Ogawa, M.3    Hamada, S.4    Okado, N.5
  • 26
    • 0023753142 scopus 로고
    • Calcium mediated neurotoxicity: Relationship to specific channel types and role in ischemic damage
    • Choi DW (1988) Calcium mediated neurotoxicity: relationship to specific channel types and role in ischemic damage. Trends Neurosci 11: 465-469
    • (1988) Trends Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 465-469
    • Choi, D.W.1
  • 27
    • 0025265926 scopus 로고
    • The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death
    • Choi DW, Rothman SM (1990) The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death. Annu Rev Neurosci 13: 171-182
    • (1990) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 171-182
    • Choi, D.W.1    Rothman, S.M.2
  • 28
    • 0029916656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disposition of methylenedioxymethamphetamine and three metabolites in the brains of different rat strains and their possible roles in acute serotonin depletion
    • Chu T, Kumagain Y, DiStefano EW, Cho AK (1996) Disposition of methylenedioxymethamphetamine and three metabolites in the brains of different rat strains and their possible roles in acute serotonin depletion. Biochem Pharmacol 51: 789-796
    • (1996) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.51 , pp. 789-796
    • Chu, T.1    Kumagain, Y.2    DiStefano, E.W.3    Cho, A.K.4
  • 30
    • 0029587542 scopus 로고
    • Subjective reports on the effects of the MDMA ("ecstasy") experience in humans
    • Cohen RS (1995) Subjective reports on the effects of the MDMA ("ecstasy") experience in humans. Progr Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 19: 1137-1145
    • (1995) Progr Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.19 , pp. 1137-1145
    • Cohen, R.S.1
  • 31
    • 0028331550 scopus 로고
    • A study of the mechanism of MDMA ("Ecstasy")-induced neurotoxicity of 5-HT neurones using chlormethiazole, dizocilpine and other protective compunds
    • Colado MI, Green AR (1994) A study of the mechanism of MDMA ("Ecstasy")-induced neurotoxicity of 5-HT neurones using chlormethiazole, dizocilpine and other protective compunds. Br J Pharmacol 111: 131
    • (1994) Br J Pharmacol , vol.111 , pp. 131
    • Colado, M.I.1    Green, A.R.2
  • 32
    • 0029006196 scopus 로고
    • The spin trap reagent α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone prevents "ecstasy"-induced neurodegeneration of 5-hydroxytryptamine neurons
    • Colado MJ, Green AR (1995) The spin trap reagent α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone prevents "ecstasy"-induced neurodegeneration of 5-hydroxytryptamine neurons. Eur J Pharmacol 280: 343-346
    • (1995) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.280 , pp. 343-346
    • Colado, M.J.1    Green, A.R.2
  • 33
    • 0027462464 scopus 로고
    • 5-HT loss in rat brain following 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), p-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine administration and effects of chlormethiazole and dizocilpine
    • Colado MI, Murray TK, Green AR (1993) 5-HT loss in rat brain following 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), p-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine administration and effects of chlormethiazole and dizocilpine. Br J Pharmacol 108: 583-589
    • (1993) Br J Pharmacol , vol.108 , pp. 583-589
    • Colado, M.I.1    Murray, T.K.2    Green, A.R.3
  • 34
    • 0029112473 scopus 로고
    • The hyperthermic and neurotoxic effects of "Ecstasy" (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in the Dark Agouti (DA) rat, a model of the CYP2D6 poor metaboliser phenotype
    • Colado MI, Williams JL, Green AR (1995) The hyperthermic and neurotoxic effects of "Ecstasy" (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in the Dark Agouti (DA) rat, a model of the CYP2D6 poor metaboliser phenotype. Br J Pharmacol 115: 1281-1289
    • (1995) Br J Pharmacol , vol.115 , pp. 1281-1289
    • Colado, M.I.1    Williams, J.L.2    Green, A.R.3
  • 35
    • 0023617138 scopus 로고
    • Endogenously produced 5,6-DHT may mediate the neurotoxic effects of para-chloroamphetamine
    • Commins DL, Axt KJ, Vosmer G, Seiden LS (1987) Endogenously produced 5,6-DHT may mediate the neurotoxic effects of para-chloroamphetamine. Brain Res 419: L253-261
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.419
    • Commins, D.L.1    Axt, K.J.2    Vosmer, G.3    Seiden, L.S.4
  • 36
    • 0028335838 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ambient temperature on hyperthermia and hyperkinesis induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or "ecstasy") in rats
    • Dafters RI (1994) Effects of ambient temperature on hyperthermia and hyperkinesis induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or "ecstasy") in rats. Psychopharmacology 114: 505-508
    • (1994) Psychopharmacology , vol.114 , pp. 505-508
    • Dafters, R.I.1
  • 37
    • 0028858685 scopus 로고
    • Hyperthermia following MDMA administration in rats: Effects of ambient temperature, water consumption, and chronic dosing
    • Dafters RJ (1995) Hyperthermia following MDMA administration in rats: effects of ambient temperature, water consumption, and chronic dosing. Physiol Behav 58: 877-882
    • (1995) Physiol Behav , vol.58 , pp. 877-882
    • Dafters, R.J.1
  • 39
    • 0024342811 scopus 로고
    • Methamphetamine-induced neuronal damage: A possible role for free radicals
    • De Vito M, Wagner GC (1989) Methamphetamine-induced neuronal damage: a possible role for free radicals. Neuropharmacology 28: 1145-1150
    • (1989) Neuropharmacology , vol.28 , pp. 1145-1150
    • De Vito, M.1    Wagner, G.C.2
  • 40
    • 85047691384 scopus 로고
    • Eve and Ecstasy, a report of five deaths associated with the use of MDEA and MDMA
    • Dowling GB, McDonough ET, Bost RO (1987) Eve and Ecstasy, a report of five deaths associated with the use of MDEA and MDMA. JAMA 257: 1615-1617
    • (1987) JAMA , vol.257 , pp. 1615-1617
    • Dowling, G.B.1    McDonough, E.T.2    Bost, R.O.3
  • 41
    • 0028047247 scopus 로고
    • Glucose export from the brain in man: Evidence for a role of astrocytic glycogen as a reservoir of glucose for neural metabolism
    • Eyre JA, Stuart AG, Forsyth Jr, Heaviside D, Bartlett K (1994) Glucose export from the brain in man: evidence for a role of astrocytic glycogen as a reservoir of glucose for neural metabolism. Brain Res 635: 349-352
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.635 , pp. 349-352
    • Eyre, J.A.1    Stuart, A.G.2    Forsyth, Jr.3    Heaviside, D.4    Bartlett, K.5
  • 43
    • 0024415023 scopus 로고
    • The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist dextromethorphan prevents the neurotoxic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in rats
    • Finnegan KT, Skratt JJÖ, Irwin I, Langston JW (1990) The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist dextromethorphan prevents the neurotoxic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in rats. Neurosci Lett 105: 300-306
    • (1990) Neurosci Lett , vol.105 , pp. 300-306
    • Finnegan, K.T.1    Skratt, J.J.Ö.2    Irwin, I.3    Langston, J.W.4
  • 44
    • 0027512329 scopus 로고
    • Ecstasy, the serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome - A possible link?
    • Friedman R (1993) Ecstasy, the serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome - a possible link? JAMA 269: 869-870
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.269 , pp. 869-870
    • Friedman, R.1
  • 45
    • 0018841525 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms by which uptake inhibitors antagonize p-chloroamphetamine-induced depletion of brain serotonin
    • Fuller RW (1980) Mechanisms by which uptake inhibitors antagonize p-chloroamphetamine-induced depletion of brain serotonin. Neurochem Res 5: 241-253
    • (1980) Neurochem Res , vol.5 , pp. 241-253
    • Fuller, R.W.1
  • 46
    • 0026748823 scopus 로고
    • Effects of p-chloroamphetamine on brain serotonin neurons
    • Fuller RW (1992) Effects of p-chloroamphetamine on brain serotonin neurons. Neurochem Res 17: 449-456
    • (1992) Neurochem Res , vol.17 , pp. 449-456
    • Fuller, R.W.1
  • 49
    • 0026081849 scopus 로고
    • Effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on autonomic thermoregulatory responses of the rat
    • Gordon CJ, Wilkinson WP, O'Callaghan JP, Miller DB (1991) Effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on autonomic thermoregulatory responses of the rat. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 38: 339-344
    • (1991) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.38 , pp. 339-344
    • Gordon, C.J.1    Wilkinson, W.P.2    O'Callaghan, J.P.3    Miller, D.B.4
  • 50
    • 0015075857 scopus 로고
    • Studies in vivo on the relationship between brain tryptophan, brain 5-HT synthesis and hyperactivity in rats treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitor and L-tryptophan
    • Grahame-Smith DG (1971) Studies in vivo on the relationship between brain tryptophan, brain 5-HT synthesis and hyperactivity in rats treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitor and L-tryptophan. J Neurochem 18: 1053-1066
    • (1971) J Neurochem , vol.18 , pp. 1053-1066
    • Grahame-Smith, D.G.1
  • 51
    • 0001890158 scopus 로고
    • The effects of drugs on serotonin-mediated behavioural models
    • Green AR (ed) Oxford University Press
    • Green AR, Heal DH (1985) The effects of drugs on serotonin-mediated behavioural models. In: Green AR (ed) Neuropharmacology of serotonin. Oxford University Press, pp 326-365
    • (1985) Neuropharmacology of Serotonin , pp. 326-365
    • Green, A.R.1    Heal, D.H.2
  • 52
    • 0029948929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecstasy and neurodegeneration
    • Green AR, Goodwin GM (1996) Ecstasy and neurodegeneration. Br Med J 312: 1493
    • (1996) Br Med J , vol.312 , pp. 1493
    • Green, A.R.1    Goodwin, G.M.2
  • 53
    • 0026511426 scopus 로고
    • The neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine on 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine in brain: Evidence for the protective effect of chlormethiazole
    • Green AR, De Souza RJ, Williams JL, Murray TK, Cross AJ (1992) The neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine on 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine in brain: evidence for the protective effect of chlormethiazole. Neuropharmacol 31: 315-321
    • (1992) Neuropharmacol , vol.31 , pp. 315-321
    • Green, A.R.1    De Souza, R.J.2    Williams, J.L.3    Murray, T.K.4    Cross, A.J.5
  • 54
    • 0029067178 scopus 로고
    • Review of the pharmacology and clinical pharmacology of MDMA
    • Green AR, Cross AJ, Goodwin GM (1995) Review of the pharmacology and clinical pharmacology of MDMA. Psychopharmacology 119: 247-260
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology , vol.119 , pp. 247-260
    • Green, A.R.1    Cross, A.J.2    Goodwin, G.M.3
  • 55
    • 0022838801 scopus 로고
    • Subjective reports of the effects of MDMA in a clinical setting
    • Greer G, Tolbert R (1986) Subjective reports of the effects of MDMA in a clinical setting. J Psychoact Drugs 18: 319-327
    • (1986) J Psychoact Drugs , vol.18 , pp. 319-327
    • Greer, G.1    Tolbert, R.2
  • 56
    • 0027315361 scopus 로고
    • Integrative transporter-mediated release from cytoplasmic and vesicular 5-hydroxytryptamine stores in cultured neurons
    • Gu XF, Azmitia EC (1993) Integrative transporter-mediated release from cytoplasmic and vesicular 5-hydroxytryptamine stores in cultured neurons. Eur J Pharmacol 235: 51-57
    • (1993) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.235 , pp. 51-57
    • Gu, X.F.1    Azmitia, E.C.2
  • 57
    • 0030481579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ascorbate and cysteine on the 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced depletion of brain serotonin
    • Gudelsky GA (1996) Effect of ascorbate and cysteine on the 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced depletion of brain serotonin. J Neural Transm 103:1397-1404
    • (1996) J Neural Transm , vol.103 , pp. 1397-1404
    • Gudelsky, G.A.1
  • 58
    • 0030070015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carrier-mediated release of serotonin by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine: Implications for serotonin-dopamine interactions
    • Gudelsky GA, Nash JF (1996) Carrier-mediated release of serotonin by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine: implications for serotonin-dopamine interactions. J Neurochem 66: 243-249
    • (1996) J Neurochem , vol.66 , pp. 243-249
    • Gudelsky, G.A.1    Nash, J.F.2
  • 61
    • 0015859726 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of the strsucture of mescaline and seven analogs to toxicity and behaviour in five species of laboratory animals
    • Hardman HF, Haavik CO, Seevers MH (1973) Relationship of the strsucture of mescaline and seven analogs to toxicity and behaviour in five species of laboratory animals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 25: 299-309
    • (1973) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.25 , pp. 299-309
    • Hardman, H.F.1    Haavik, C.O.2    Seevers, M.H.3
  • 62
    • 0026613768 scopus 로고
    • Ecstasy and intracerebral haemorrhage
    • Harries DP, DeSilva R (1992) Ecstasy and intracerebral haemorrhage. Scot Med J 37: 150-152
    • (1992) Scot Med J , vol.37 , pp. 150-152
    • Harries, D.P.1    DeSilva, R.2
  • 63
    • 0016682258 scopus 로고
    • Fenfluramine: Evidence for a neurotoxic action in midbrain and a long term depletion of serotonin
    • Harvey JA, McMaster SE (1975) Fenfluramine: evidence for a neurotoxic action in midbrain and a long term depletion of serotonin. Pharmacol Commun 1: 217-228
    • (1975) Pharmacol Commun , vol.1 , pp. 217-228
    • Harvey, J.A.1    McMaster, S.E.2
  • 64
    • 0027177538 scopus 로고
    • Methylenedioxyamphetamine: Neurotoxic effects of serotonergic projections to brainstem nuclei in the rat
    • Harvey JA, McMaster SE, Romano AG (1993) Methylenedioxyamphetamine: neurotoxic effects of serotonergic projections to brainstem nuclei in the rat. Brain Res 619: 1-14
    • (1993) Brain Res , vol.619 , pp. 1-14
    • Harvey, J.A.1    McMaster, S.E.2    Romano, A.G.3
  • 65
    • 0025020487 scopus 로고
    • 5-Hydroxytryptamine uptake blockers attenuate the 5-hydroxytryptamine releasing effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and related agents
    • Hekmatpanah CR, Peroutka SK (1990) 5-Hydroxytryptamine uptake blockers attenuate the 5-hydroxytryptamine releasing effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and related agents. Eur J Pharmacol 177: 95-98
    • (1990) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.177 , pp. 95-98
    • Hekmatpanah, C.R.1    Peroutka, S.K.2
  • 66
    • 0029985514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecstasy and serotonin depletion
    • Henry JA (1996) Ecstasy and serotonin depletion. Lancet 347: 833
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 833
    • Henry, J.A.1
  • 67
    • 0026680529 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity and deaths from 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine ("ecstasy")
    • Henry JA, Jeffreys KJ, Dawling KS (1992) Toxicity and deaths from 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine ("ecstasy"). Lancet 340: 384-387
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.340 , pp. 384-387
    • Henry, J.A.1    Jeffreys, K.J.2    Dawling, K.S.3
  • 68
    • 0028557961 scopus 로고
    • Chlormethiazole, dizocilpine and haloperidol prevent the degeneration of serotonergic nerve terminals induced by administration of MDMA ("Ecstasy")
    • Hewitt KE, Green AR (1994) Chlormethiazole, dizocilpine and haloperidol prevent the degeneration of serotonergic nerve terminals induced by administration of MDMA ("Ecstasy"). Neuropharmacology 33: 1589-1595
    • (1994) Neuropharmacology , vol.33 , pp. 1589-1595
    • Hewitt, K.E.1    Green, A.R.2
  • 69
    • 0028986577 scopus 로고
    • Methamphetamine-induced serotonin neurotoxicity is mediated by superoxide radicals
    • Hirata H, Ladenheim B, Rothman RB, Epstein C, Cated JL (1995) Methamphetamine-induced serotonin neurotoxicity is mediated by superoxide radicals. Brain Res 677: 345-347
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.677 , pp. 345-347
    • Hirata, H.1    Ladenheim, B.2    Rothman, R.B.3    Epstein, C.4    Cated, J.L.5
  • 70
    • 0018853937 scopus 로고
    • Long term effects of multiple doses of methamphetamine on tryptophan hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase in rat brain
    • Hotchkiss A, Gibb JW (1980) Long term effects of multiple doses of methamphetamine on tryptophan hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase in rat brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 214: 257-262
    • (1980) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.214 , pp. 257-262
    • Hotchkiss, A.1    Gibb, J.W.2
  • 71
    • 0020429525 scopus 로고
    • The functional significance of the pentose phosphate pathway in synaptosomes: Protection against peroxidative damage by catecholamines and oxidants
    • Hothershall JS, Greenbaum AL, McLean P (1982) The functional significance of the pentose phosphate pathway in synaptosomes: protection against peroxidative damage by catecholamines and oxidants. J Neurochem 39: 1325-1332
    • (1982) J Neurochem , vol.39 , pp. 1325-1332
    • Hothershall, J.S.1    Greenbaum, A.L.2    McLean, P.3
  • 72
    • 0024383159 scopus 로고
    • 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy") selectively destroys brain serotonin nerve terminals rhesus monkeys
    • Insel TR, Battaglia G, Johanssen J, Marra S, De Souza EB (1989) 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy") selectively destroys brain serotonin nerve terminals rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 249: 713-720
    • (1989) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.249 , pp. 713-720
    • Insel, T.R.1    Battaglia, G.2    Johanssen, J.3    Marra, S.4    De Souza, E.B.5
  • 73
    • 0028020419 scopus 로고
    • Tryptophan pretreatment augmentation of p-chloroamphetamine-incuded serotonine and dopamine release and reduction of long-term neurotoxicity
    • Iyer RN, Sprouse JS, Aghajanian GK, Roth RH, Bradberry CW (1994) Tryptophan pretreatment augmentation of p-chloroamphetamine-incuded serotonine and dopamine release and reduction of long-term neurotoxicity. Biochem Pharmacol 48: 1501-1508
    • (1994) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.48 , pp. 1501-1508
    • Iyer, R.N.1    Sprouse, J.S.2    Aghajanian, G.K.3    Roth, R.H.4    Bradberry, C.W.5
  • 74
    • 0026357345 scopus 로고
    • Activity of brain serotonergic neurons in the behaving animal
    • Jacobs BL, Fornal CA (1991) Activity of brain serotonergic neurons in the behaving animal. Pharmacol Rev 43: 563-578
    • (1991) Pharmacol Rev , vol.43 , pp. 563-578
    • Jacobs, B.L.1    Fornal, C.A.2
  • 75
    • 0026515597 scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of the brain serotonin system
    • Jacobs BL, Azmitia E (1992) Structure and function of the brain serotonin system. Physiol Rev 72: 165-229
    • (1992) Physiol Rev , vol.72 , pp. 165-229
    • Jacobs, B.L.1    Azmitia, E.2
  • 77
    • 0026777895 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 3,4-dihydroxymethamphetamine and 2,4,5-trihydroxymethamphetamine, on central serotonergic and dopaminergic systems
    • Johnson MP, Elayan I, Hanson GR, Foltz RL, Gibb JW, Lim HK (1992) Effects of 3,4-dihydroxymethamphetamine and 2,4,5-trihydroxymethamphetamine, on central serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 261: 447-453
    • (1992) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.261 , pp. 447-453
    • Johnson, M.P.1    Elayan, I.2    Hanson, G.R.3    Foltz, R.L.4    Gibb, J.W.5    Lim, H.K.6
  • 78
    • 0025918369 scopus 로고
    • 3H]-Monoamine releasing and uptake inhibition properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and p-chloroamphetamine analogues
    • 3H]-Monoamine releasing and uptake inhibition properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and p-chloroamphetamine analogues. Eur J Pharmacol 200: 9-16
    • (1993) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.200 , pp. 9-16
    • Johnson, M.P.1    Conarty, P.F.2    Nichols, D.E.3
  • 79
    • 0028285516 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of cortical neuronal activity by a serotonergic agent: A PET study in humans
    • Kapur S, Meyer J, Wilson AA, Houle S, Brown GM (1994) Modulation of cortical neuronal activity by a serotonergic agent: a PET study in humans. Brain Res 646:292-294
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.646 , pp. 292-294
    • Kapur, S.1    Meyer, J.2    Wilson, A.A.3    Houle, S.4    Brown, G.M.5
  • 80
    • 0027362024 scopus 로고
    • Absence of 6-hydroxydopamine in the rat brain after treatment with stimulants and other dopaminergic agents: A mass fragmentographic study
    • Karoum F, Chrapusta SJ, Egan MF, Wyatt RJ (1993) Absence of 6-hydroxydopamine in the rat brain after treatment with stimulants and other dopaminergic agents: a mass fragmentographic study. J Neurochem 61: 1369-1375
    • (1993) J Neurochem , vol.61 , pp. 1369-1375
    • Karoum, F.1    Chrapusta, S.J.2    Egan, M.F.3    Wyatt, R.J.4
  • 81
    • 0029013304 scopus 로고
    • 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy") promotes the translocation of protein kinase C (PKC): Requirement of viable serotonin nerve terminals
    • Kramer K, Poblete JCP, Azmitia EC (1995) 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy") promotes the translocation of protein kinase C (PKC): requirement of viable serotonin nerve terminals. Brain Res 680: 1-8
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.680 , pp. 1-8
    • Kramer, K.1    Poblete, J.C.P.2    Azmitia, E.C.3
  • 83
    • 0025646824 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of the serotonergic system in the rat: Serotonin as developmental signal
    • Lauder JM (1990) Ontogeny of the serotonergic system in the rat: serotonin as developmental signal. Ann NY Acad Sci 600: 287-314
    • (1990) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.600 , pp. 287-314
    • Lauder, J.M.1
  • 84
    • 0019451831 scopus 로고
    • The effects of p-chloramphetamine administration on locomotor activity and serotonin in neonatal and adult rats
    • Lucot JB, Horwitz J, Seiden LS (1981) The effects of p-chloramphetamine administration on locomotor activity and serotonin in neonatal and adult rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 217: 738-744
    • (1981) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.217 , pp. 738-744
    • Lucot, J.B.1    Horwitz, J.2    Seiden, L.S.3
  • 85
    • 0026342819 scopus 로고
    • Dual serotoninergic projections to forebrain in the rat - Morphologically distinct 5-HT axon terminals exhibit differential vulnerability to neurotoxic amphetamine derivatives
    • Mamounas LA, Müllen CA, Ohearn E, Molliver ME (1991) Dual serotoninergic projections to forebrain in the rat - morphologically distinct 5-HT axon terminals exhibit differential vulnerability to neurotoxic amphetamine derivatives. J Comp Neurol 314: 558-586
    • (1991) J Comp Neurol , vol.314 , pp. 558-586
    • Mamounas, L.A.1    Müllen, C.A.2    Ohearn, E.3    Molliver, M.E.4
  • 86
    • 0030048176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demonstration in vivo of reduced serotonin responsitivity in the brain of untreated depressed patients
    • Mann JJ, Malone KM, Diel DJ, Perel J, Cooper TB, Mintum MA (1996) Demonstration in vivo of reduced serotonin responsitivity in the brain of untreated depressed patients. Am J Psychiatry 153: 174-182
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 174-182
    • Mann, J.J.1    Malone, K.M.2    Diel, D.J.3    Perel, J.4    Cooper, T.B.5    Mintum, M.A.6
  • 87
    • 0019350010 scopus 로고
    • Coupling of dopamine oxidation to glutathione oxidation via the generation of hydrogen peroxide in rat brain homogenates
    • Marker H, Weiss C, Silides DJ, Cohen G (1981) Coupling of dopamine oxidation to glutathione oxidation via the generation of hydrogen peroxide in rat brain homogenates. J Neurochem 36: 589-593
    • (1981) J Neurochem , vol.36 , pp. 589-593
    • Marker, H.1    Weiss, C.2    Silides, D.J.3    Cohen, G.4
  • 88
    • 0025863667 scopus 로고
    • Lasting neuropsychiatrie sequelae of (+)-melthylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy") in recreational users
    • McCann UD, Ricaurte GA (1991a) Lasting neuropsychiatrie sequelae of (+)-melthylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy") in recreational users. J Clin Psychopharmacol 11: 302-305
    • (1991) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.11 , pp. 302-305
    • McCann, U.D.1    Ricaurte, G.A.2
  • 89
    • 0025922204 scopus 로고
    • Major metabolites of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine do not mediate its toxic effects on brain serotonin neurons
    • McCann UD, Ricaurte GA (1991b) Major metabolites of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine do not mediate its toxic effects on brain serotonin neurons. Brain Res 545: 279-282
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.545 , pp. 279-282
    • McCann, U.D.1    Ricaurte, G.A.2
  • 90
    • 0028106251 scopus 로고
    • Diversity of psychopathology associated with use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy")
    • McGuire PK, Cope H, Fahy TA (1994) Diversity of psychopathology associated with use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy"). Br J Psychiatry 165: 391-395
    • (1994) Br J Psychiatry , vol.165 , pp. 391-395
    • McGuire, P.K.1    Cope, H.2    Fahy, T.A.3
  • 91
    • 0025029346 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale neurocognitive networks and distributed processing for attention, language and memory
    • Mesulam MM (1990) Large-scale neurocognitive networks and distributed processing for attention, language and memory. Ann Neurol 28: 597-613
    • (1990) Ann Neurol , vol.28 , pp. 597-613
    • Mesulam, M.M.1
  • 93
    • 0027964301 scopus 로고
    • Environment and stress-induced alterations in body temperature affect of the neurotoxicity of substituted amphetamines in the C57BL/6J mouse
    • Miller DB, O'Callaghan JP (1994) Environment and stress-induced alterations in body temperature affect of the neurotoxicity of substituted amphetamines in the C57BL/6J mouse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 270: 752-760
    • (1994) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.270 , pp. 752-760
    • Miller, D.B.1    O'Callaghan, J.P.2
  • 95
    • 0025695028 scopus 로고
    • Ketanserin pretreatment blocks MDMA-induced dopamine release in the striatum as measured by in vivo microdialysis
    • Nash JF (1990) Ketanserin pretreatment blocks MDMA-induced dopamine release in the striatum as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Life Sci 47: 2401-2408
    • (1990) Life Sci , vol.47 , pp. 2401-2408
    • Nash, J.F.1
  • 96
    • 0026326549 scopus 로고
    • Microdialysis studies on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine induced dopamine release: Effect of dopamine uptake inhibitors
    • Nash JF, Brodkin J (1991) Microdialysis studies on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine induced dopamine release: effect of dopamine uptake inhibitors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 259: 820-825
    • (1991) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.259 , pp. 820-825
    • Nash, J.F.1    Brodkin, J.2
  • 97
    • 0022838197 scopus 로고
    • Differences between the mechanisms of action of MDMA, MBDB, and the classic hallucinogens. Identification of a novel therapeutic class: Entactogens
    • Nichols DE (1986) Differences between the mechanisms of action of MDMA, MBDB, and the classic hallucinogens. Identification of a novel therapeutic class: entactogens. J Psychoact Drugs 18: 305-313
    • (1986) J Psychoact Drugs , vol.18 , pp. 305-313
    • Nichols, D.E.1
  • 99
    • 0023735752 scopus 로고
    • Methylenedioxy-amphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) cause selective ablation of serotonergic axon terminals in forebrain: Immunocytochemical evidence for neurotoxicity
    • O'Hearn E, Battaglia G, De Souza EB, Kuhar MJ, Molliver ME (1988) Methylenedioxy-amphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) cause selective ablation of serotonergic axon terminals in forebrain: immunocytochemical evidence for neurotoxicity. J Neurosci 8: 2788-2803
    • (1988) J Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 2788-2803
    • O'Hearn, E.1    Battaglia, G.2    De Souza, E.B.3    Kuhar, M.J.4    Molliver, M.E.5
  • 100
    • 0025945288 scopus 로고
    • Multiple methamphetamine injections induce marked increases in extracellular striatal dopamine which correlate with subsequent neurotoxicity
    • Odell SJ, Weihmuller FB, Marshall JF (1991) Multiple methamphetamine injections induce marked increases in extracellular striatal dopamine which correlate with subsequent neurotoxicity. Brain Res 564: 256-260
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.564 , pp. 256-260
    • Odell, S.J.1    Weihmuller, F.B.2    Marshall, J.F.3
  • 101
    • 0027513968 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic loss following removal of serotonergic fibers in newly hatched and adult chickens
    • Okado N, Cheng L, Tanatsugu Y, Hamada S, Hamaguchi K (1993) Synaptic loss following removal of serotonergic fibers in newly hatched and adult chickens. J Neurobiol 24: 687-698
    • (1993) J Neurobiol , vol.24 , pp. 687-698
    • Okado, N.1    Cheng, L.2    Tanatsugu, Y.3    Hamada, S.4    Hamaguchi, K.5
  • 102
    • 0026598872 scopus 로고
    • Lack of serotonin neurotoxicity after intraraphe microinjection of (+)-3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine
    • Paris JM, 'Cunningham KA (1992) Lack of serotonin neurotoxicity after intraraphe microinjection of (+)-3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Brain Res Bull 28: 115-119
    • (1992) Brain Res Bull , vol.28 , pp. 115-119
    • Paris, J.M.1    'Cunningham, K.A.2
  • 104
    • 0016257489 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of three methods of glycogen measurement in tissues
    • Passoneau JV, Lauderdale VR (1974) A comparison of three methods of glycogen measurement in tissues. Anal Biochem 60: 405-412
    • (1974) Anal Biochem , vol.60 , pp. 405-412
    • Passoneau, J.V.1    Lauderdale, V.R.2
  • 105
    • 0022537362 scopus 로고
    • Transmitter mediated regulation of energy metabolism in nervous tissue at the cellular level
    • Pentreath VW, Seal LH, Morrison JH, Magistretti PJ (1986) Transmitter mediated regulation of energy metabolism in nervous tissue at the cellular level. Neurochem Int 9: 1-10
    • (1986) Neurochem Int , vol.9 , pp. 1-10
    • Pentreath, V.W.1    Seal, L.H.2    Morrison, J.H.3    Magistretti, P.J.4
  • 106
    • 0023616493 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of recreational use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) on an undergraduate campus
    • Peroutka SJ (1987) Incidence of recreational use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) on an undergraduate campus. N Engl J Med 317: 1542-1543
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.317 , pp. 1542-1543
    • Peroutka, S.J.1
  • 107
    • 0024241851 scopus 로고
    • Subjective effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in recreational users
    • Peroutka SJ, Newman H, Harris H (1988) Subjective effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in recreational users. Neuropsychopharmacology 1:273-278
    • (1988) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.1 , pp. 273-278
    • Peroutka, S.J.1    Newman, H.2    Harris, H.3
  • 108
    • 0024159315 scopus 로고
    • Ring-substituted amphetamine interactions with neurotransmitter receptor binding sites in human cortex
    • Pierce PA, Peroutka SJ (1988) Ring-substituted amphetamine interactions with neurotransmitter receptor binding sites in human cortex. Neurosci Lett 92: 208-212
    • (1988) Neurosci Lett , vol.92 , pp. 208-212
    • Pierce, P.A.1    Peroutka, S.J.2
  • 109
    • 0024501307 scopus 로고
    • Hallucinogenic drug interactions with neurotransmitter receptor binding sites in human cortex
    • Pierce PA, Peroutka SJ (1989) Hallucinogenic drug interactions with neurotransmitter receptor binding sites in human cortex. Psychopharmacol 97: 118-122
    • (1989) Psychopharmacol , vol.97 , pp. 118-122
    • Pierce, P.A.1    Peroutka, S.J.2
  • 111
    • 0024558968 scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine and mood response to L-tryptophan in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) users
    • Price LP, Ricaurte GA, Krystal JH, Heninger GR (1989) Neuroendocrine and mood response to L-tryptophan in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) users. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46: 20-22
    • (1989) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 20-22
    • Price, L.P.1    Ricaurte, G.A.2    Krystal, J.H.3    Heninger, G.R.4
  • 112
    • 0025254045 scopus 로고
    • Development and lesion induced reorganization of the cortical representation of the rat's body surface as revealed by immunocytochemistry for serotonin
    • Rhoades RW, Bennett Clarke CA, Chiaia NL, White FA, Macdonald GJ, Haring JM, Jacquin MF (1990) Development and lesion induced reorganization of the cortical representation of the rat's body surface as revealed by immunocytochemistry for serotonin. J Comp Neurol 293: 190-207
    • (1990) J Comp Neurol , vol.293 , pp. 190-207
    • Rhoades, R.W.1    Bennett Clarke, C.A.2    Chiaia, N.L.3    White, F.A.4    Macdonald, G.J.5    Haring, J.M.6    Jacquin, M.F.7
  • 113
    • 0026759002 scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxic amphetamine analogues: Effects in monkeys and implications for humans
    • Ricaurte GA, McCann UD (1992) Neurotoxic amphetamine analogues: effects in monkeys and implications for humans. Ann NY Acad Sci 684: 371-382
    • (1992) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.684 , pp. 371-382
    • Ricaurte, G.A.1    McCann, U.D.2
  • 114
    • 0022357597 scopus 로고
    • Hallucinogenic amphetamine selectively destroys brain serotonin terminals
    • Ricaurte G, Bryan G, Strauss L, Seiden L, Schuster C (1985) Hallucinogenic amphetamine selectively destroys brain serotonin terminals. Science 229: 986-988
    • (1985) Science , vol.229 , pp. 986-988
    • Ricaurte, G.1    Bryan, G.2    Strauss, L.3    Seiden, L.4    Schuster, C.5
  • 115
    • 0023902232 scopus 로고
    • Toxic effects of MDMA on central serotonergic neurons in the primate: Importance of route and frequency of drug adminsitration
    • Ricaurte GA, Delanney LE, Irwin I, Langston JW (1988a) Toxic effects of MDMA on central serotonergic neurons in the primate: importance of route and frequency of drug adminsitration. Brain Res 446: 165-168
    • (1988) Brain Res , vol.446 , pp. 165-168
    • Ricaurte, G.A.1    Delanney, L.E.2    Irwin, I.3    Langston, J.W.4
  • 117
    • 0025650065 scopus 로고
    • Aminergic metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid of humans previously exposed to MDMA: Preliminary observations
    • Ricaurte GA, Finnegan KT, Irwin I, Langston JW (1990) Aminergic metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid of humans previously exposed to MDMA: preliminary observations. Ann NY Acad Sci 600: 699-710
    • (1990) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.600 , pp. 699-710
    • Ricaurte, G.A.1    Finnegan, K.T.2    Irwin, I.3    Langston, J.W.4
  • 119
    • 0026546876 scopus 로고
    • The molecular mechanisms of ecstasy [3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA)]. Serotonin transporters are targets for MDMA-induced serotonin release
    • Rudnick G, Wall SC (1992) The molecular mechanisms of ecstasy [3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA)]. Serotonin transporters are targets for MDMA-induced serotonin release. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 1817-1821
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 1817-1821
    • Rudnick, G.1    Wall, S.C.2
  • 120
    • 0015508656 scopus 로고
    • p-Chloroamphetamine-inhibition of cerebral tryptophan hydroxylase
    • Sanders-Bush E, Bushing JA, Sulser F (1972) p-Chloroamphetamine-inhibition of cerebral tryptophan hydroxylase. Biochem Pharmacol 21: 1501-1510
    • (1972) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.21 , pp. 1501-1510
    • Sanders-Bush, E.1    Bushing, J.A.2    Sulser, F.3
  • 121
    • 0023163857 scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxicity of the psychedelic amphetamine, methylenedioxmethylamphetamine
    • Schmidt CJ (1987) Neurotoxicity of the psychedelic amphetamine, methylenedioxmethylamphetamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 240: 1-7
    • (1987) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.240 , pp. 1-7
    • Schmidt, C.J.1
  • 123
    • 0025651762 scopus 로고
    • Chloral hydrate anesthesia antagonizes the neurotoxicity of MDMA
    • Schmidt CJ, Black CK, Abbate GM, Taylor VL (1990a) Chloral hydrate anesthesia antagonizes the neurotoxicity of MDMA. Eur J Pharmacol 191: 213-218
    • (1990) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.191 , pp. 213-218
    • Schmidt, C.J.1    Black, C.K.2    Abbate, G.M.3    Taylor, V.L.4
  • 125
    • 0026052222 scopus 로고
    • 2-antagonists steroselectively prevent the neurotoxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, p-chloroamphetamine or methamphetamine to rats
    • 2-antagonists steroselectively prevent the neurotoxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, p-chloroamphetamine or methamphetamine to rats. Eur J Pharmacol 203: 41-49
    • (1991) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.203 , pp. 41-49
    • Schmidt, C.J.1    Taylor, V.L.2    Abbate, G.M.3    Nieduzak, T.R.4
  • 127
    • 0024438836 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural relatinship of serotonin axon terminals in the cerebral cortex of the adult rat
    • Seguela P, Watkins KC, Descarries L (1989) Ultrastructural relatinship of serotonin axon terminals in the cerebral cortex of the adult rat. J Comp Neurol 289: 129-142
    • (1989) J Comp Neurol , vol.289 , pp. 129-142
    • Seguela, P.1    Watkins, K.C.2    Descarries, L.3
  • 128
    • 0021282148 scopus 로고
    • Formation of 6-hydroxydopamine in candate nucleus of rat brain after a single large dose of methamphetamine
    • Seiden JS, Vosmer G (1984) Formation of 6-hydroxydopamine in candate nucleus of rat brain after a single large dose of methamphetamine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 21: 29-31
    • (1984) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.21 , pp. 29-31
    • Seiden, J.S.1    Vosmer, G.2
  • 129
    • 0027394771 scopus 로고
    • Amphetamine effects on catecholamine systems and behavior
    • Seiden LS, Sabol KE, Ricaurte G (1993) Amphetamine effects on catecholamine systems and behavior. Annu Rev Pharmacol 32: 639-677
    • (1993) Annu Rev Pharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 639-677
    • Seiden, L.S.1    Sabol, K.E.2    Ricaurte, G.3
  • 130
    • 0022839628 scopus 로고
    • The background and chemistry of MDMA
    • Shulgin AT (1986) The background and chemistry of MDMA. J Psychoact Drugs 18: 291-304
    • (1986) J Psychoact Drugs , vol.18 , pp. 291-304
    • Shulgin, A.T.1
  • 133
    • 0025345275 scopus 로고
    • Destruction of the hamster serotonergic system by 5,7-DHT: Effects on circadian rhythm phase, intrainment and response to triazolam
    • Smale L, Michels KM, Morre RY, Morin LP (1990) Destruction of the hamster serotonergic system by 5,7-DHT: effects on circadian rhythm phase, intrainment and response to triazolam. Brain Res 515: 9-19
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.515 , pp. 9-19
    • Smale, L.1    Michels, K.M.2    Morre, R.Y.3    Morin, L.P.4
  • 134
    • 0024323182 scopus 로고
    • Acute and subchronic effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine [(+)-MDMA] on locomotion and serotonin syndrome behaviour in the rat
    • Spanos LJ, Yamamoto BK (1989) Acute and subchronic effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine [(+)-MDMA] on locomotion and serotonin syndrome behaviour in the rat. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 32: 835-840
    • (1989) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.32 , pp. 835-840
    • Spanos, L.J.1    Yamamoto, B.K.2
  • 135
    • 0026920975 scopus 로고
    • Modulatory role of serotonin in neural information processing: Implications for human psychopathology
    • Spoont MR (1992) Modulatory role of serotonin in neural information processing: implications for human psychopathology. Psychol Bull 112: 330-350
    • (1992) Psychol Bull , vol.112 , pp. 330-350
    • Spoont, M.R.1
  • 136
    • 0029078456 scopus 로고
    • The monoamine oxidase B inhibitor L-deprenyl protects against 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced lipid peroxidation and long-term serotonergic deficits
    • Sprague J, Nichols DE (1995) The monoamine oxidase B inhibitor L-deprenyl protects against 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced lipid peroxidation and long-term serotonergic deficits. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 273: 667-673
    • (1995) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.273 , pp. 667-673
    • Sprague, J.1    Nichols, D.E.2
  • 137
    • 0025869797 scopus 로고
    • The serotonin syndrome
    • Sternbach H (1991) The serotonin syndrome. Am Psychiat 148: 705-713
    • (1991) Am Psychiat , vol.148 , pp. 705-713
    • Sternbach, H.1
  • 138
    • 0022911033 scopus 로고
    • The effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymamphetamine (MDA) on monoaminergic systems in the rat brain
    • Stone DM, Stahl DC, Hanson GR, Gibb JW (1986) The effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymamphetamine (MDA) on monoaminergic systems in the rat brain. Eur J Pharmacol 128: 41-48
    • (1986) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.128 , pp. 41-48
    • Stone, D.M.1    Stahl, D.C.2    Hanson, G.R.3    Gibb, J.W.4
  • 139
    • 0023791701 scopus 로고
    • Role of endogenous dopamine in the central serotonergid deficits induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
    • Stone DM, Johnson M, Hanson GR, Gibb JW (1988) Role of endogenous dopamine in the central serotonergid deficits induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 247: 79-87
    • (1988) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.247 , pp. 79-87
    • Stone, D.M.1    Johnson, M.2    Hanson, G.R.3    Gibb, J.W.4
  • 140
    • 0024333564 scopus 로고
    • In vitro reactivation of rat cortical tryptophan hydroxylase following in vivo inactivation by MDMA
    • Stone DM, Hanson GR, Gibb JW (1989) In vitro reactivation of rat cortical tryptophan hydroxylase following in vivo inactivation by MDMA. J Neurochem 53: 572-581
    • (1989) J Neurochem , vol.53 , pp. 572-581
    • Stone, D.M.1    Hanson, G.R.2    Gibb, J.W.3
  • 141
    • 0027441567 scopus 로고
    • Glial glycogen stores affect neuronal survival during glucose deprivation in vitro
    • Swanson RA, Choi DW (1993) Glial glycogen stores affect neuronal survival during glucose deprivation in vitro. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 13: 162-169
    • (1993) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.13 , pp. 162-169
    • Swanson, R.A.1    Choi, D.W.2
  • 142
    • 0025196891 scopus 로고
    • 1A receptors releases the serotonergic growth factor, protein S100, and alters astroglial morphology
    • 1A receptors releases the serotonergic growth factor, protein S100, and alters astroglial morphology. Brain Res 528: 155-158
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.528 , pp. 155-158
    • Whitaker-Azmitia, P.M.1    Murphy, R.2    Azmitia, E.C.3
  • 143
    • 0024541227 scopus 로고
    • Distinct morphologic classes of serotonergic axons in primates exhibit differential vulnerability to the psychotropic drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
    • Wilson MA, Ricaurte GA, Molliver ME (1989) Distinct morphologic classes of serotonergic axons in primates exhibit differential vulnerability to the psychotropic drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Neuroscience 28: 121-137
    • (1989) Neuroscience , vol.28 , pp. 121-137
    • Wilson, M.A.1    Ricaurte, G.A.2    Molliver, M.E.3
  • 144
    • 0025012913 scopus 로고
    • 5-HT-2 mediation of acute behavioral-effects of hallucinogens in rats
    • Wing LL, Tapson GS, Geyer MA (1995) 5-HT-2 mediation of acute behavioral-effects of hallucinogens in rats. Psychopharmacology 100: 417-425
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology , vol.100 , pp. 417-425
    • Wing, L.L.1    Tapson, G.S.2    Geyer, M.A.3
  • 145
    • 0030476905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rat strain differences in the vulnerability of serotonergic nerve endings to neurotoxic damage by p-chloroamphetamine
    • Zhou D, Schreinert M, Pilz J, Huether G (1996) Rat strain differences in the vulnerability of serotonergic nerve endings to neurotoxic damage by p-chloroamphetamine. J Neural Transm 103: 1381-1395
    • (1996) J Neural Transm , vol.103 , pp. 1381-1395
    • Zhou, D.1    Schreinert, M.2    Pilz, J.3    Huether, G.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.