Status Lymphaticus: Sudden Death in Children from "Visitation of God" to Cot Death

Medical History

Volumn 41, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 70-85

  Dally, Ann ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHLOROFORM;

ARTICLE; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; DEATH CERTIFICATE; HISTORY; HUMAN; INFANT; LYMPHATIC SYSTEM DISEASE; SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME; UNITED KINGDOM;

CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; CHLOROFORM; DEATH CERTIFICATES; GREAT BRITAIN; HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; INFANT; LYMPHATIC DISEASES; SUDDEN INFANT DEATH;

EID: 0030642253     PISSN: 00257273     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0025727300062049     Document Type: Article

References (112)

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2. This is discussed extensively in Michael Macdonald, 'The secularization of suicide in England 1660-1800', Past and Present, 1986, 111: 50-97, and in Michael Macdonald and Terence R Murphy, Sleepless souls: suicide in early modern England, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1990.
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5. A Paltauf, 'Über die Beziehung der Thymus zum plötzlichen Tod', Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1889, 2: 877-81; idem, 'Über plötzlichen Tod', Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1890, 3: 172-5.
6. Ian Tait, personal communication.
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8. Ibid.
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11. Lancet, 1853, ii: 409.
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16. James Reid, On infantile laryngismus; with observations on artificial feeding, as a frequent cause of this complaint, and of other convulsive diseases of infants, London, J Churchill, 1848, quoted in J F Meigs and William Pepper, A practical treatise on the diseases of children, 7th ed., London, H K Lewis, 1883, p. 579.
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19. Regrettably, the reference for this incident has been mislaid.
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26. Ibid., p. 577.
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29. Paltauf, 'Ueber die Beziehung der Thymus', and Paltauf, 'Über plötzlichen Tod', both op. cit., note 3 above.
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32. Discussed in Warren G Guntheroth, 'The thymus, suffocation, and sudden death syndrome: social agenda or hubris?', Perspect. Biol. Med., 1993, 37: 2-13.
33. Discussed in Rolleston, op. cit., note 20 above, pp. 482-5.
34. W Osler, The principles and practice of medicine, 3rd ed., Edinburgh and London, Young J Pentland, 1898, pp. 827-8.
35. George Blumer, 'The relation of the status lymphaticus to sudden death, death under anaesthesia, and infection', Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1903, 14: 270-3.
36. John Thomson, 'Status lymphaticus', in Sir Clifford Allbutt and Humphry Davy Rolleston, A system of medicine, 9 vols, 2nd ed., London, Macmillan, 1905-1911, vol. 4 (pt 1), p. 483. John Thomson was Physician to the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Edinburgh.
37. W J McCardie, 'Status lymphaticus in relation to general anaesthesia', Lancet, 1908, i: 196-202, see pp. 198-9.
38. Lancet, 1909, i: 1899.
39. 'The annus medicus', Lancet, 1909, ii: 1899-900.
40. For example, Thomson in Allbutt and Rolleston, op. cit., note 32 above.
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42. McCardie, op. cit., note 33 above, p. 199.
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46. A Friedländer, 'Status lymphaticus and enlargement of the thymus: with report of a case successfully treated by the X-ray', Arch. Pediatr., 1907, 24: 490-501.
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48. F N Silverman, 'A la recherche du temps perdu and the thymus (with apologies to Marcel Proust)', Radiology, 1993, 186: 310.
49. W Boyd, 'The weight of the thymus gland in health and disease', Am. J. Dis. Child., 1936, 51: 313.
50. Rolleston, op. cit., note 20 above, p. 447.
51. Z M Bacq and Peter Alexander, Fundamentals of radiobiology, 2nd ed., London, Pergamon Press, 1961.
52. Registrar-General, 74th annual report, London, HMSO, 1911, p. 206.
53. Ibid., p. 56.
54. Ibid., p. xciv.
55. Ibid., p. xcii.
56. Ibid., p. xciii.
57. Registrar-General, 82nd annual report, London, HMSO, 1919, pp. 54 and xcvi.
58. A Friedlander, 'Enlargement of the thymus treated by roentgen ray', Arch. Pediatr., 1917, 34: 441-3.
59. Sir Astley Cooper, The anatomy of the thymus gland, London, Longman, Rees, Orme, Green, and Brown, 1832.
60. Osler, op. cit., note 30 above, p. 828.
61. Dudgeon, op. cit., note 18 above, p. 156.
62. Ibid, p. 159.
63. Geoffrey Keynes, 'The physiology of the thymus gland', Br. med. J., 1954, ii: 659-63.
64. Thomas Dixon Savill, A system of clinical medicine, dealing with the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of disease, for students and practitioners, 5th ed., London, E Arnold, 1918.
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66. Frederick W Price (ed.), A textbook of the practice of medicine, 2nd ed., London, H Milford, Oxford University Press, 1926, p. 845.
67. J A Hammar, 'Lieber Gewicht, Involution, und Persistenz der Thymus im Postfötalleben des Menschen', Archiv für Anatomische Entwicklungsgeschichte, 1906, pp. 91-182 (quoted in Rolleston, op. cit., note 20 above, p. 439).
68. J A Hammar, 'Lieber Gewicht, Involution, und Persistenz der Thymus im Postfötalleben des Menschen', Archiv für Anatomische Entwicklungsgeschichte, 1906, pp. 91-182 (quoted in Rolleston, op. cit., note 20 above, p. 439).
69. Hart, op. cit., note 27 above.
70. For example, McCardie, op. cit., note 33 above, and also Donald J Munro, 'The status lymphaticus', Lancet, 1909, ii: 1468-9.
71. For example, McCardie, op. cit., note 33 above, and also Donald J Munro, 'The status lymphaticus', Lancet, 1909, ii: 1468-9.
72. R Ernest Humphry, 'Status lymphaticus', Lancet, 1909, ii: 1703-5.
73. W C Bosanquet, 'Diseases of the thymus', in Allbutt and Rolleston, op. cit., note 32 above, vol. 5, p. 673.
74. Medical Research Council Report, 'Status lymphaticus', J. Pathol. Bact., 1925, 28: 132.
75. Ibid., p. 213 (italics in the original).
76. M Greenwood and H M Woods, '"Status thymo-lymphaticus" considered in the light of current works on the thymus', J. Hyg., 1926, 26: 305-26, p. 307.
77. Ibid, p. 312.
78. Ibid., p. 324.
79. Ibid., p. 325.
80. Ibid., p. 324-5.
81. M Young and H M Tumbull, 'An analysis of the data collected by the status lymphaticus investigation committee', J. Path. Bact., 1931, 34: 213-58. This commented on the Medical Research Council and Pathological Society enquiry. For analysis see editorials in Br. med. J., 1931, i: 468-9, and Lancet, 1931, i: 593-4.
82. M Young and H M Tumbull, 'An analysis of the data collected by the status lymphaticus investigation committee', J. Path. Bact., 1931, 34: 213-58. This commented on the Medical Research Council and Pathological Society enquiry. For analysis see editorials in Br. med. J., 1931, i: 468-9, and Lancet, 1931, i: 593-4.
83. M Young and H M Tumbull, 'An analysis of the data collected by the status lymphaticus investigation committee', J. Path. Bact., 1931, 34: 213-58. This commented on the Medical Research Council and Pathological Society enquiry. For analysis see editorials in Br. med. J., 1931, i: 468-9, and Lancet, 1931, i: 593-4.
84. J L Carr, 'Status thymo-lymphaticus', J. Pediatr., 1945, 27: 1-43.
85. Young and Turnbull, op. cit., note 75 above.
86. Editorial, 'The end of status lymphaticus', Lancet, 1931, i: 593-4.
87. Temple Grey, Br. med. J., 1931, i: 513.
88. Moncrieff, op. cit., note 43 above.
89. Lancet, op. cit., note 78 above.
90. Moncrieff, op. cit., note 43 above, p. 543.
91. Ibid., p. 544.
92. H Cohen, 'Thymus gland diseases', in Sir Humphry Rolleston (ed.), British encyclopaedia of medical practice, 12 vols, London, Butterworth, 1936-1952, vol. 12, p. 34.
93. Savill's system of clinical medicine, edited by Agnes Savill and E C Warner, 11th ed., London, E Arnold, 1939, p. 43.
94. Holt's diseases of infancy and childhood, revised by L Emmett Holt, jr, and Rustin McIntosh, 11th ed., New York and London, D Appleton-Century, 1940, p. 680.
95. Ibid., p. 681.
96. Wilfrid Sheldon, Diseases of infancy, 4th ed., London, J & A Churchill, 1943, p. 484.
97. I M Scharnagel and G T Pack, 'Multiple basal cell epitheliomas in a 5 year old child', Am. J. Dis. Child., 1949, 77: 647-51.
98. B J Duffy, Jr, and P J Fitzgerald, 'Thyroid cancer in childhood and adolescence: report on 28 cases', Cancer, 1950, 3: 101-832.
99. Ibid, p. 1031.
100. R J Minnitt and John Gillies, Textbook of anaesthetics, 7th ed., Edinburgh, E & S Livingstone, 1946, p. 335-6.
101. C L Hewer, Recent advances in anaesthesia and analgesia, 7th ed., London, J & A Churchill, 1953,
102. Keynes, op. cit., note 59 above, p. 661.
103. Sir Ernest Carling, B W Windeyer and D W Smithers, British practice in radiotherapy, London, Butterworth, 1955, p. 365.
104. C L Simpson, L H Hempelmann, L M Fuller, 'Neoplasia in children treated with X-rays in infancy for thymic enlargement', Radiology, 1955, 64: 840-5.
105. Dwight E Clark, 'Association of irradiation with cancer of the thyroid in children and adolescents', J. Am. med. Ass., 1955, 159: 1007-9.
106. Editorial, 'Thymus Gland', J. Am. med. Ass., 1969, 207: 1438.
107. W N Kemp, Status thymicolymphaticus: a nutritional-endocrine syndrome, publisher not stated, 1959 (reference at Royal Society of Medicine, Tr.14675).
108. For example, W Boyd, Pathology for the physician, 6th ed., London, Henry Kimpton, 1958, pp. 669-71; ibid., 8th ed., 1965, pp. 767-70; H Bailey and M Love, A short practice of surgery, 11th ed., London, H K Lewis, 1959, p. 252.
109. For example, W Boyd, Pathology for the physician, 6th ed., London, Henry Kimpton, 1958, pp. 669-71; ibid., 8th ed., 1965, pp. 767-70; H Bailey and M Love, A short practice of surgery, 11th ed., London, H K Lewis, 1959, p. 252.
110. For example, W Boyd, Pathology for the physician, 6th ed., London, Henry Kimpton, 1958, pp. 669-71; ibid., 8th ed., 1965, pp. 767-70; H Bailey and M Love, A short practice of surgery, 11th ed., London, H K Lewis, 1959, p. 252.
111. R L Naeye, et al., 'Cardiac and other abnormalities in the sudden infant death syndrome', Am. J. Path., 1976, 82: 1-8.
112. See, for instance, C G Hori, 'Pathology of SIDS', Am. J. Forensic med. Pathol., 1987, 8: 93-6.