The Effect of Pulsed and Sinusoidal Magnetic Fields on the Morphology of Developing Chick Embryos

Bioelectromagnetics

Volumn 18, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 431-438

  Farrell, J M ^a   Litovitz, T L ^c   Penafiel, M ^a   Montrose, C J ^a   Doinov, P ^a   Barber, M ^a   Brown, K M ^b   Litovitz, T A ^a  

^a CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA   (United States)

^b GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

60 Hz; Abnormalities; ELF; Embryonic development; PMF

Indexed keywords

MORPHOLOGY;

60 HZ; ABNORMALITY; CHICK EMBRYO; ELF; EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT; FIELD CAMPAIGN; FIELD EXPOSURE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PULSED MAGNETIC FIELDS; SINUSOIDAL MAGNETIC FIELDS;

MAGNETIC FIELDS;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CHICK EMBRYO; CONGENITAL MALFORMATION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; EMBRYO INDUCTION; NEURAL TUBE DEFECT; PHYSIOLOGY; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; RADIATION EXPOSURE; RADIATION RESPONSE;

ABNORMALITIES, RADIATION-INDUCED; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMALS; CHICK EMBRYO; DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, RADIATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; EMBRYONIC INDUCTION; NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS;

EID: 0030626081     PISSN: 01978462     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1997)18:6<431::AID-BEM5>3.0.CO;2-3     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Berman E, Chacon L, House D, Koch BA, Koch WE, Leal J, Løvtrup S, Mantiply E, Martin AH, Martucci GI, Mild KH, Monahan JC, Sandström M, Shamsaifar K, Tell R, Trillo MA, Ubeda A, Wagner P (1990): The effects of a pulsed magnetic field on chick embryos. Bioelectromagnetics 11:169-187.
2. Butros J (1972): Action of spermine on early chick development morphogenesis and histogenesis. Teratology 6:181-190.
3. Campbell LH, Dayton DH, Sohal GS (1986): Neural tube defects: A review of human and animal studies on the etiology of neural tube defects. Teratology 34:171-187.
4. Davis JO (1944): Photochemical spectral analysis of neural tube formation. Biol Bul 87:73-95.
5. Delgado JMR, Leal J, Monteagudo JL, Gracia MG (1982): Embryological changes induced by weak, extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. J Anat 134:533-551.
6. Farrell JM, Barber M, Krause D, Litovitz TA (1996): Effects of weak electromagnetic fields on the activity of ornithine decarboxylase in developing chicken embryos. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics (in press).
7. Farrell JM, Barber M, Doinov P, Krause D, Litovitz TA (1993): Effect of 60 Hz sinusoidal magnetic fields on ornithine decarboxylase activity in developing chick embryos. In Blank M (ed): "Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine." San Francisco, Ca.: San Francisco Press, pp 342-344.
8. Hamburger V, Hamilton HL (1951): A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. Morphol 88:49-92.
9. Hughes AF, Freeman RB, Fadem T (1974): The teratogenic effects of sugars on the chick embryo. J Embryol Exp Morphol 32:661-674.
10. Juutilainen J, Saali K (1986): Development of chick embryos in 1 Hz to 1 kHz magnetic fields. Radiat Environ Biophys 25:135-140.
11. Juutilainen J, Harri M, Saali K, Lahtinen T (1986): Effects of 100-Hz magnetic fields with various waveforms on development of chick embryos. Radiat Environ Biophys 25:65-74.
12. Juutilainen J, Läära E, Saali K (1987): Relationship between field strength and abnormal developments in chick embryos exposed to 50 Hz magnetic fields. J Radiat Biol 52:787-793.
13. Koch WE, Koch BA, Martin AH, Moses AB (1993): Comp Biochem Physiol Comp Physiol, 105:617-624.
14. Leal J, Ubeda A, Trillo MA, Monteagudo JL, Delgado JMR (1984): Chick embryos orientation influenced by electromagnetic fields. XXI General Assembly Meeting, URSI, Florence, Italy.
15. Maffeo S, Brayman AA, Miller MW, Carstensen EL, Ciaravino V, Cox C (1988): Weak low frequency electromagnetic fields and chick embryogenesis: Failure to reproduce positive findings. J Anat 157:101-104.
16. Maffeo S, Miller MW, Carstensen EL (1984): Lack of effect of weak low-frequency electromagnetic fields on chick embryogenesis. J Anat 139:613-618.
17. Martin AH (1988): Magnetic fields and time dependent effects on development. Bioelectromagnetics 9:393-396.
18. Martin AH (1991): ELF, PEMFs and development: Why the controversy? In: "Proceedings of the XXIII General Assembly of URSI," Prague, Czechoslovakia, pp 242-249.
19. Martin AH (1992): Development of chicken embryos following exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields with differing waveforms. Bioelectromagnetics 13:223-230.
20. Sandström M, Mild KH, Løvtrup S (1986): Effects of weak-pulsed magnetic fields on chick embryogenesis. In Knave B, Widebäck P-G (eds): "Work with Display Units." Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, pp 135-140.
21. Sisken BF, Fowler I, Mayaud C, Ryaby JP, Pilla AA (1986): Pulsed electromagnetic fields and normal chick development. J Bioelectricity 5:25-34.
22. Ubeda A, Leal J, Trillo MA, Jiminez MA, Delgado JMR (1983): Pulse shape of magnetic fields influences chick embryogenesis. J Anat 137:513-536.
23. Veini M, Bellairs R (1986): Heat shock effects in chick embryos. In Bellairs R, Ede D, Lash J (eds): "Somites in Developing Embryos." NATO ASI Series A (118):135-145.