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L. A. Lawver J.-Y. Royer, D. T. Sandwell, C. R. Scotese, in Geological Evolution of Antarctica, M. R. A. Thomson, J. A. Crame, J. W. Thomson, Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1991), pp. 533-539. See also the brilliant postulation of Gondwanaland by A. L. Dutoit [Our Wandering Continents (Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 1937)].
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Geological Evolution of Antarctica
, pp. 533-539
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Lawver, L.A.1
Royer, J.-Y.2
Sandwell, D.T.3
Scotese, C.R.4
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3
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0003977271
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Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh
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L. A. Lawver J.-Y. Royer, D. T. Sandwell, C. R. Scotese, in Geological Evolution of Antarctica, M. R. A. Thomson, J. A. Crame, J. W. Thomson, Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1991), pp. 533-539. See also the brilliant postulation of Gondwanaland by A. L. Dutoit [Our Wandering Continents (Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 1937)].
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Weddell Sea Tectonics and Gondwana Breakup
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Livermore, R.A.2
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V. J. DiVinere, D. V. Kent, I. W. D. Dalziel, in (3), pp. 31-43.
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7
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A. K. Cooper, F. J. Davey, K. Hinz, in Geological Evolution of Antarctica, M. R. A. Thomson, J. A. Crame, J. W. Thomson, Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1991), pp. 285-291.
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Cooper, A.K.1
Davey, F.J.2
Hinz, K.3
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84984486093
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14
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0028557597
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We used the full 20-Hz ERS-1 wave-form (WAP) data set instead of the much more compact ocean product (OPR) data set, which is derived from the on-board tracker. The WAP data are used to correct or retrack (73) the on-board height estimates. Then gravity is derived from retracked heights using techniques (15-17) briefly as follows: (i) compute along tracks slope using a running, 1-s least-squares estimator; (ii) grid the ascending and descending slopes on two separate, 3-km latitude-longitude grids: (iii) combine the grids to estimate true deflections of vertical; and (iv) accomplishing the inverse Vening Meinesz transformation in the Fourier domain to estimate gravity anomalies. The long-wavelength (>1500 km) components of our gravity field are derived from the JGM-IS global gravity model [R. S. Nerem et al., J. Geophys. Res. 99, 24421 (1994)].
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J. Geophys. Res.
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, pp. 24421
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Nerem, R.S.1
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16
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1842291813
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D. C. McAdoo and S. W. Laxon, in (3), pp. 155-164.
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18
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0026490946
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D. C. McAdoo and K. M Marks, ibid. 97, 3247 (1992); ibid., p. 17709; W. H. F. Smith and D. T. Sandwell, Eos 76, 156 (1995).
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J. Geophys. Res.
, vol.97
, pp. 3247
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McAdoo, D.C.1
Marks, K.M.2
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19
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0026490946
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D. C. McAdoo and K. M Marks, ibid. 97, 3247 (1992); ibid., p. 17709; W. H. F. Smith and D. T. Sandwell, Eos 76, 156 (1995).
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J. Geophys. Res.
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20
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0026490946
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D. C. McAdoo and K. M Marks, ibid. 97, 3247 (1992); ibid., p. 17709; W. H. F. Smith and D. T. Sandwell, Eos 76, 156 (1995).
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(1995)
Eos
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Smith, W.H.F.1
Sandwell, D.T.2
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25
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1842367619
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note
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Analyses of coherency between altimetric gravity fields and ship gravity have been used to show that state-of-the-art altimetric fields such as ours can confidently resolve gravity anomalies of wavelengths as short as 23 to 30 km in the open ocean (19, 20). However, in seas infested by ice, resolution falls off slightly. We have tested the resolving power of our field in areas (for example, the western and northeastern Ross Sea) that are ice covered most of the year. Comparison of ERS-1 gravity with R/V Lee ship gravity the western Ross Sea (Figs. 1 and 3) in an area that is ice covered for most of the year shows that our field can confidently resolve gravity anomalies of wavelengths as short as 35 to 50 km. This agreement is estimated by computing spectral coherence between the R/V Lee ship gravity and ERS-1 gravity using the approach of Marks (20). Similar results are obtained for the northeastern Ross Sea using R/V Maurice Ewing gravity data.
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27
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0029474161
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S. C. Cande, C. A. Raymond, J. Stock, W. F. Haxby, Science 270, 947 (1995).
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Science
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Cande, S.C.1
Raymond, C.A.2
Stock, J.3
Haxby, W.F.4
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28
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0001352034
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A. F. Cooper, P. F. Barker, G. Brancolini, Eds. Antarct. Res. Ser. 68, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
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F. J. Davey and G. Brancolini, in Geology and Seismic Stratigraphy of the Antarctic Margin, A. F. Cooper, P. F. Barker, G. Brancolini, Eds. (Antarct. Res. Ser. 68, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 1995), pp. 167-182.
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(1995)
Geology and Seismic Stratigraphy of the Antarctic Margin
, pp. 167-182
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Davey, F.J.1
Brancolini, G.2
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35
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0002445634
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D. W. Elliot, Ed. Antarct. Res. Ser. 50, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
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R. E. Bell, J. M. Brozena, W. F. Haxby, J. L. LaBrecque, in Contributions to Antarctic Research I, D. W. Elliot, Ed. (Antarct. Res. Ser. 50, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 1990), pp. 91-102.
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(1990)
Contributions to Antarctic Research I
, pp. 91-102
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Bell, R.E.1
Brozena, J.M.2
Haxby, W.F.3
LaBrecque, J.L.4
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37
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1842331810
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R. A. Uvermore and R. J. Hunter, in (3), pp. 227-241
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R. A. Uvermore and R. J. Hunter, in (3), pp. 227-241.
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39
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0026292681
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We thank the European Space Agency, the UK Processing and Archiving Facility for providing the data, the National Environmental Research Council (NERC) for infrastructure support at MSSL, K. Marks for her encouragement and valuable discussions, J. Mansley for data preparation, and S. Cande for his interest, supplying unpublished data, and encouragement. Graphics were done with the GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) software; see P. Wessel and W. H. F. Smith, Eos 72, 441 (1991) and Website http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/soest/gmt. html. These gravity data will be available on the Web; for details, see http://msslsp.mssl.ucl.ac.uk/ orgs/cp/html/polar/polar.html or http://ibis.grdl. noaa.gov/SAT/SAT.html.
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(1991)
Eos
, vol.72
, pp. 441
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Wessel, P.1
Smith, W.H.F.2
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