Effects of egg size on postlarval performance: Experimental evidence from a sea urchin

Evolution

Volumn 51, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 141-152

  Emlet, Richard B ^a   Hoegh Guldberg, Ove ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OREGON   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Development; echinoid; juvenile; nonfeeding larvae; performance

Indexed keywords

EGG SIZE; EGGS; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; NONFEEDING LARVAE; POSTLARVAL PERFORMANCE; SEA URCHIN;

ECHINOIDEA; HELIOCIDARIS ERYTHROGRAMMA;

EID: 0030620696     PISSN: 00143820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb02395.x     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. AMEMIYA, S., AND R. B. EMLET. 1992. The development and larval form of the echinothurioid echinoid, Asthenosoma ijimai, revisited. Biol. Bull. 182:15-30.
2. BAGENAL, T. B. 1969. Relationship between egg size and fry survival in brown trout Salmo trutta L. J. Fish Biol. 1:349-353.
3. BERNARDO, J. 1996. The particular maternal effect of propagule size, especially egg size: Patterns, models, quality of evidence and interpretations. Am. Zool. 36:216-236.
4. BERRILL, N. J. 1975. Chordata: Tunicata. Pp. 241-282 in A. C. Giese and J. S. Pearse, eds. Reproduction of marine invertebrates. Vol. II. Entoprocts and lesser coelomates. Academic Press, New York.
5. BROCKELMAN, W. Y. 1975. Competition, the fitness of offspring, and optimal clutch size. Am. Nat. 109:677-699.
6. CERRA, A., AND M. BYRNE. 1995. Cellular events of wrinkled blastula formation and the influence of the fertilization envelope on wrinkling in the seastar Patiriella exigua. Acta Zool. 76:155-165.
7. CLUTTON-BROCK, T. H. 1991. The evolution of parental care. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
8. COLLAZO, A. 1996. Evolutionary correlations between early development and life history in plethodontid salamanders and teleost fishes. Am. Zool. 36:116-131.
9. CRISP, D. J. 1984. Energy flow measurements. Pp. 284-372 in N. A. Holme and A. D. McIntyre, eds. Methods for the study of marine benthos. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, U.K.
10. DIX, T. G. 1969. Larval life span of the echinoid Evechinus chloroticus (Val.). NZ J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 3:13-16.
11. ELINSON, R. P. 1987. Change in developmental patterns: Embryos of amphibians with large eggs. Pp. 1-21 in R. A. Raff and E. C. Raff, eds. Development as an evolutionary process. A. R. Liss, New York.
12. _. 1989. Egg evolution. Pp. 251-262 in D. B. Wake and G. Roth, eds. Complex organismal functions: Integration and evolution in vertebrates. Wiley, New York.
13. EMLET, R. B. 1990. World patterns of developmental mode in echinoid echinoderms. Pp. 329-334 in M. Hoshi and O. Yamashita, eds. Advances in invertebrate reproduction. Vol. 5. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
14. _. 1994. Body form and patterns of ciliation in nonfeeding larvae of echinoderms: Functional solutions to swimming in plankton? Am. Zool. 34:570-585.
15. _. 1995. Larval spicules, cilia, and symmetry as remnants of indirect development in the direct developing sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Dev. Biol. 167:405-415.
16. EMLET, R. B., L. R. MCEDWARD, AND R. R. STRATHMANN. 1987. Echinoderm larval ecology viewed from the egg. Pp. 55-136 in M. Jangoux and J. M. Lawrence, eds. Echinoderm studies. Vol. 2. Balkema Press, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
17. FOX, C. W. 1994. The influence of egg size on offspring performance in the seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus. Oikos 71: 321-325.
18. GERITZ, S. A. H. 1995. Evolutionarily stable seed polymorphism and small-scale variation in seedling density. Am. Nat. 146:685-707.
19. GILBERT, S. F. 1991. Developmental biology. 3d ed. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
20. HADFIELD, M. G., AND S. E. MILLER. 1987. On developmental patterns of opisthobranchs. Am. Malacol. Bull. 5:197-214.
21. HAIG, D. 1996. The pea and the coconut: Seed size in safe sites. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11:1-2.
22. HART, M. W. 1996. Evolutionary loss of larval feeding: Development, form and function in a facultatively feeding larva, Brisaster latifrons. Evolution 50:174-187.
23. HAVENHAND, J. N. 1995. Evolutionary ecology of larval types. Pp. 79-122 in L. McEdward, ed. Ecology of marine invertebrate larvae. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
24. HENRICH, S. 1988. Variation in offspring sizes of the poeciliid fish Heterandria formosa in relation to fitness. Oikos 51:13-18.
25. HENRY, J. J., G. A. WRAY, AND R. A. RAFF. 1991. Mechanism of an alternate type of echinoderm blastula formation: The wrinkled blastula of the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Dev. Growth Diff. 33:317-328.
26. HERRERA, J. C., S. K. MCWENNEY, AND L. R. MCEDWARD. 1996. Diversity of energetic strategies among echinoid larvae and the transition from feeding to nonfeeding development. Oceanol. Acta. 19:313-321.
27. HOEGH-GULDBERG, O., AND R. B. EMLET. 1997. Energy use during the development of a lecithotrophic and a planktotrophic echinoid. Biol. Bull. 192:In press.
28. HYMAN, L. H. 1955. The invertebrates: Echinodermata the coelomate Bilateria. Vol. 4. McGraw-Hill, New York.
29. JAECKLE, W. B. 1995a. Transport and metabolism of alanine and palmitic acid by field-collected larvae of Tedania ignis (Porifera, Demospongiae): Estimated consequences of limited label translocation. Biol. Bull. 189:159-167.
30. _. 1995b. Variation in the size, energy content, and composition of invertebrate eggs: Correlates to the mode of larval development. Pp. 49-77 in L. McEdward, ed. Ecology of marine invertebrate larvae. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
31. JAECKLE, W. B., AND D. T. MANAHAN. 1989. Feeding by a "non-feeding" larva: Uptake of dissolved amino acids from seawater by lecithotrophic larvae of the gastropod Haliotis rufescens. Mar. Biol. 103:87-94.
32. JAGERSTEN, G. 1972. Evolution of the metazoan life cycle, a comprehensive theory. Academic Press, London.
33. JANIES, D. A., AND L. R. MCEDWARD. 1993. Highly derived coelomic and water-vascular morphogenesis in a starfish with pelagic direct development. Biol. Bull. 185:56-76.
34. JEFFERY, W. R., AND B. J. SWALLA. 1991. An evolutionary change in the muscle lineage of an anural ascidian embryo is restored by interspecific hybridization with a urodele ascidian. Dev. Biol. 145:328-337.
35. _. 1992. Evolution of alternate modes of development in ascidians. BioEssays 14:219-225.
36. JURADO, E., AND M. WESTOBY. 1992. Seedling growth in relation to seed size among species of arid Australia. J. Ecol. 80:407-416.
37. KOLDING, S., AND T. M. FENCHEL. 1981. Patterns of reproduction in different populations of five species of the amphipod genus Gammarus. Oikos 37:167-172.
38. LACK, D. 1954. The natural regulation of animal numbers. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, U.K.
39. LAWRENCE, J. M., J. B. MCCLINTOCK, AND A. GUILLE. 1984. Organic level and caloric content of eggs of brooding asteroids and an echinoid (Echinodermata) from Kerguelen (South Indian Ocean). Int. J. Invertebr. Reprod. Dev. 7:249-257.
40. LEVITAN, D. R. 1993. The importance of sperm limitation to the evolution of egg size in marine invertebrates. Am. Nat. 141: 517-536.
41. LINDQUIST, N., AND M. E. HAY. 1996. Palatability and chemical defense of marine larvae. Ecol. Monogr. 66:431-450.
42. MANAHAN, D. T. 1990. Adaptations by invertebrate larvae for nutrient acquisition from seawater. Am. Zool. 30:147-160.
43. MCCLINTOCK, J. B., AND J. S. PEARSE. 1986. Organic and energetic content of eggs and juveniles of Antarctic echinoids and asteroids with lecithotrophic development. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 85A:341-345.
44. MCEDWARD, L. R. 1996. Experimental manipulation of parental investment in echinoid echinoderms. Am. Zool. 36:169-179.
45. MICHAELS, H.J., B. BENNER, A.P. HARTGERINK, T.D. LEE, AND S. RICE. 1988. Seed size variation: Magnitude, distribution, and ecological correlates. Evol. Ecol. 2:157-166.
46. MORAN, N. A. 1994. Adaptation and constraint in the complex life cycles of animals. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 25:573-600.
47. MORRIS, V. B. 1995. Apluteal development of the sea urchin Holopneustes purpurescens Agassiz (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Euechinoidea). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 114:349-364.
48. MORTENSEN, T. 1937. Contributions to the study of the development and larval forms of echinoderms. III. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes selskab. Skr. Nat. Math. Afdel. Series 9, 7:1-65.
49. OLIVER, J., AND R. BABCOCK. 1992. Aspects of the fertilization ecology of broadcast spawning corals: Sperm dilution effects and in situ measurements of fertilization. Biol. Bull. 183:409-417.
50. PARSONS, J. 1970. Relationship between egg size and post-hatching chick mortality in the herring gull (Larus argentarus). Nature 228:1221-1222.
51. PEARSE, J. S. 1994. Cold-water echinoderms break "Thorson's rule." Pp. 26-43 in C. M. Young and K. J. Eckelbarger, eds. Reproduction, larval biology, and recruitment in the deep sea benthos. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.
52. PERRON, F. E. 1981. Larval biology of six species of the genus Conus (Gastropoda: Toxoglossa) in Hawaii, USA. Mar. Biol. 61: 215-220.
53. _. 1986. Life history consequences of differences in developmental mode among gastropods in the genus Conus. Bull. Mar. Sci. 39:485-497.
54. PODOLSKY, R. D., AND R. R. STRATHMANN. 1996. Evolution of egg size in free-spawners: Consequences of the fertilization-fecundity trade-off. Am. Nat. 148:160-173.
55. RAFF, R. A. 1987. Constraint, flexibility, and phylogenetic history in the evolution of direct development in sea urchins. Dev. Biol. 119:6-19.
56. _. 1992a. Direct-developing sea urchins and the evolutionary reorganization of early development. BioEssays 14:211-218.
57. _. 1992b. Evolution of developmental decisions and morphogenesis: The view from two camps. Development 1992 Suppl. 15-22.
58. REID, W. V., AND P. D. BOERSMA. 1990. Parental quality and selection on egg size in the Magellanic penguin. Evolution 44: 1780-1786.
59. ROUGHGARDEN, J. 1989. The evolution of marine life cycles. Pp. 270-300 in M. W. Feldman, ed. Mathematical evolutionary theory. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
60. SCHATT, P., AND J. P. FERAL. 1996. Completely direct development of Abatus cordatus, a brooding schizasterid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) from Kerguelen, with a description of perigastrulation, a hypothetical new mode of gastrulation. Biol. Bull. 190: 24-44.
61. SINERVO, B. 1990. The evolution of maternal investment in lizards: An experimental and comparative analysis of egg size and its effects on offspring performance. Evolution 44:279-294.
62. _. 1993. The effect of offspring size on physiology and life history. BioScience 43:210-218.
63. SINERVO, B., AND R. B. HUEY. 1990. Allometric engineering: An experimental test of the causes of interpopulational differences in performance. Science 248:1106-1109.
64. SINERVO, B., AND L. R. MCEDWARD. 1988. Developmental consequences of an evolutionary change in egg size: An experimental test. Evolution 42:885-899.
65. SINERVO, B., P. DOUGHTY, R.B. HUEY, AND K. ZAMUDIO. 1992. Allometric engineering: A causal analysis of natural selection on offspring size. Science 258:1927-1930.
66. SMITH, C. C., AND S. D. FRETWELL. 1974. The optimal balance between size and number of offspring. Am. Nat. 108:499-506.
67. SMITH, H. G., T. OHLSSON, AND K.-J. WETTERMARK. 1995. Adaptive significance of egg size in the European starling: Experimental tests. Ecology 76:1-7.
68. STEARNS, S. C. 1992. The evolution of life histories. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, U.K.
69. STRATHMANN, M.F. 1987. Reproduction and development of marine invertebrates of the Northern Pacific coast. Univ. of Washington Press, Seattle.
70. STRATHMANN, R. R. 1974. Introduction to function and adaptation in echinoderm larvae. Thalassia Jugosl. 10:321-339.
71. _. 1975. Larval feeding in echinoderms. Am. Zool. 15:717-730.
72. _. 1977. Egg size, larval development, and juvenile size in benthic marine invertebrates. Am. Nat. 111:373-376.
73. _. 1978. The evolution and loss of feeding larval stages of marine invertebrates. Evolution 32:894-906.
74. _. 1985. Feeding and nonfeeding larval development and life-history evolution in marine invertebrates. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 16:339-361.
75. SWALLA, B. J., K. W. MAKABE, N. SATOH, AND W. R. JEFFERY. 1993. Novel genes expressed differently in ascidians with alternate modes of development. Development 119:307-318.
76. THORSON, G. 1950. Reproductive and larval ecology of marine bottom invertebrates. Biol. Rev. 25:1-45.
77. VANCE, R. R. 1973. On reproductive strategies in marine benthic invertebrates. Am. Nat. 107:339-352.
78. WESTOBY, M., E. JURADO, AND M. LEISHMAN. 1992. Comparative evolutionary ecology of seed size. Trends Ecol. Evol. 7:368-372.
79. WILLIAMS, D. H. C., AND D. T. ANDERSON. 1975. The reproductive system, embryonic development, larval development and metamorphosis of the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma (Val.) (Echinoidea: Echinometridae). Aust. J. Zool. 23:371-403.
80. WINN, A.A. 1988. Ecological and evolutionary consequences of seed size in Prunella vulgaris. Ecology 69:1537-1544.
81. WRAY, G. A. 1995. Evolution of larvae and developmental modes. Pp. 413-447 in L. McEdward, ed. Ecology of marine invertebrate larvae. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
82. WRAY, G. A., AND A. E. BELY. 1994. The evolution of echinoderm development is driven by several distinct factors. Development 1994 Suppl. 97-106.
83. WRAY, G. A., AND R. A. RAFF. 1989. Evolutionary modification of cell lineage in the direct-developing sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Dev. Biol. 132:458-470.
84. _. 1990. Novel origins of lineage founder cells in the direct-developing sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Dev. Biol. 141:41-54.
85. _. 1991. The evolution of developmental strategy in marine invertebrates. Trends Ecol. Evol. 6:45-50.