Marine nitrogen: Phosphorus stoichiometry and the global N:P cycle

Biogeochemistry

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 237-252

  Downing, John A ^a  

^a IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

freshwater; limitation; marine; nitrogen; phosphorus; ratio; stoichiometry; trace elements

Indexed keywords

MARINE ORGANISM; N:P RATIO; NITROGEN CYCLE; PHOSPHORUS CYCLE; PRIMARY PRODUCTION; STOICHIOMETRY;

EID: 0030620683     PISSN: 01682563     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1005712322036     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. Amon RMW & Benner R (1994) Rapid cycling of high-molecular-weight dissolved organic matter in the ocean. Nature (London) 369: 549-552
2. Ben-Taleb KS, EI-Khattal AO, Ramadan ZM & El-Belaazi AM (1987) Some physico-chemical characteristics of Tajura sea-shore water: East of Tripoli (S.P.L.A.J.) Bulletin of the Marine Biological Research Center of Tajura 8: 89-124
3. Bentzen E, Taylor WD & Millard ES (1992) The importance of dissolved organic phosphorus to phosphorus uptake by limnetic plankton. Limnol. and Oceanography 37: 217-231
4. Berland BR, Bonin DJ & Maestrini SY (1977) Role du phosphore dans la limitation de la production primaire dans les eaux Mediterranéenes. Actualités de Biochimie Marine 2: 243-246
5. Berland BR, Burlakova ZP, Georgieva LV, Izmestieva M, Khologov VI, Krupatkina DK, Maestrini SY & Zaika VE (1987) Phytoplancton estival de la mer du Levant, biomasse et facteurs limitants. IFREMER Acta Colloquia 5: 61-83
6. Black RE, Lukatelich RJ, McComb AJ & Rosher JE (1981) Exchange of water, salt, nutrients and phytoplankton between Peel Inlet, Western Australia, and the Indian Ocean. Australian J. Marine and Freshwater Res. 32: 709-720
7. Bonin DJ, Bonin MC & Berman T (1989) Mise en êvidence expérimentale des facteurs nutritifs limitants de la production du micro-nanoplancton et de l'ultraplancton dans une eau cotière de la Méditerranée orientale (Haïfa, Israël). Aquatic Sciences 51(2): 129-152
8. Boynton WR, Kemp WM & Keefe CW (1982) A comparative analysis of nutrients and other factors influencing estuarine phytoplankton production. In: Kennedy VS (Ed) Estuarine Comparisons (pp 69-70). Academic, NY
9. Capone D & Carpenter EJ (1982) Nitrogen fixation in the marine environment. Science 217: 1140-1142
10. Cleveland W & McGill SR (1985) Graphical perception and graphical methods for analyzing scientific data. Science 229: 828-833
11. Copin-Montégut C & Copin-Montégut G (1983) Stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in marine particulate matter. Deep-Sea Research 30: 31-46
12. Coste B, Le Corre P & Minas HJ (1988) Re-evaluation of the nutrient exchanges in the Strait of Gibralter. Deep-Sea Research 35: 767-775
13. D'Elia CF, Steudler PA & Corwin N (1977) Determination of total nitrogen in aqueous samples using persulfate digestion. Limnology and Oceanography 22: 760-764
14. D'Elia CF, Sanders JG & Boynton WR (1986) Nutrient enrichment studies in a coastal plain estuary: Phytoplankton growth in large-scale, continuous cultures. Can. J. Fisheries and Aquatic Sci. 43: 397-406
15. D'Elia CF, Harding LW Jr., Leffler M & Mackiernan GB (1992) The role and control of nutrients in Chesapeake Bay. Water Science and Technology 26: 2635-2644
16. Dal Pont GK, Hogan M & Newell B (1974) Laboratory techniques in marine chemistry II - a manual. CSIRO Australia Division of Fisheries and Oceanography, Report 55
17. Dame R, Chrzanowski T, Bildstein K, Kjerfve B, McKellar H, Nelson D, Spurrier J, Stancyk S, Stevenson H, Vernberg J & Zingmark R (1986) The outwelling hypothesis and North Inlet, South Carolina. Marine Ecology Progress Series 33: 217-229
18. Degobbis D & Gilmartin M (1990) Nitrogen, phosphorus, and biogenic silicon budgets for the northern Adriatic Sea Oceanologica Acta 13: 31-45
19. DiTullio GR, Hutchins DA & Bruland KW (1993) Interaction of iron and major nutrients controls phytoplankton growth and species composition in the tropical North Pacific Ocean. Limnol. and Oceanography 38: 495-508
20. Downing JA & McCauley E (1992) The nitrogen: phosphorus relationship in lakes. Limnol. and Oceanography 37: 936-945
21. Edmondson WT (1956) Factors affecting productivity in fertilized salt water. Deep-Sea Research Supplement 3: 451-464
22. Elser JJ & Hassett RP (1994) A stoichiometric analysis of the zooplankton-phytoplankton interaction in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Nature 370: 211-213
23. Elser JJ, Marzolf ER & Goldman CR (1990) Phosphorus and nitrogen limitation of phytoplankton in freshwaters of North America: A review and critique of experimental enrichments. Can. J. Fisheries and Aquatic Sci. 47: 1468-1477
24. Fanning KA (1989) Influence of atmospheric pollution on nutrient limitation in the ocean. Nature 339: 460-463
25. FAO (1993) Fishery Statistics Yearbook, vol. 72 Rome.
26. Fisher TR, Peele ER, Ammerman JW & Harding LW Jr (1992) Metabolic adaptations of deep-sea benthic for aminifera to seasonally varying food input. Marine Ecology Progress Series 82: 51-63
27. Gibbs CF, Tomczak M & Longmore AR (1986) The nutrient regime of Bass Strait. Australian J. Marine and Freshwater Res. 37: 451-466
28. Gilbert PM, Garside C, Fuhrman JA & Roman MR (1991) Time-dependent coupling of inorganic and organic nitrogen uptake and regeneration in the plume of the Chesapeake Bay estuary and its regulation by large heterotrophs. Limnol. and Oceanography 36: 895-909
29. Granéli E (1984) Algal growth potential and limiting nutrients for phytoplankton production in Öresund water of Baltic and Kattegat origin. Limnologica 15: 563-569
30. Granéli E (1987) Nutrient limitation of phytoplankton biomass in a brackish water bay highly influenced by river discharge. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 25: 555-565
31. Grasshoff K (1976) Methods of Seawater Analysis. 1st edn. Verlag Chemie Weinheim
32. Grasshoff K (1983) Methods of Seawater Analysis. 2nd edn. Verlag Chemie Weinheim
33. Hecky RE & Kilham P (1988) Nutrient limitation of phytoplankton in freshwater and marine environments: A review of recent evidence on the effects of enrichment. Limnol. and Oceanography 33: 796-822
34. Hoegh-Goldberg O (1994) Uptake of dissolved organic matter by larval stage of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci. Marine Biology 120: 55-63
35. Howarth RW (1988) Nutrient limitation of net primary production in mari ne ecosystems. An. Rev. of Ecology 19: 89-110
36. Howarth RW, Jensen H, Marino R & Postma H (1995) Transport to and processing of phosphorus in near-shore and oceanic waters (pp 323-345). In: Tiessen H (Ed) Phosphorus in the Global Environment: Transfers, Cycles and Management. SCOPE 54, Wley & Sons, Chichester
37. Ikeda T, Carleton JH, Mitchell AW & Dixon P (1982) Ammonia and phosphate excretion by zooplankton from the inshore waters of the Great Barrier Reef. II. Their in situ contributions to nutrient regeneration. Australian J. Marine and Freshwater Res. 33: 683-698
38. Jackson GA & Williams PM (1985) Importance of dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus to biological nutrient cycling. Deep-Sea Research 32: 223-235
39. Jordan TE, Correll DL, Miklas J & Weller DE (1991) Nutrients and chlorophyll at the interface of a watershed and an estuary. Limnol. and Oceanography 36: 251-267
40. Karl DM, Leteller R, Hebel D, Tupas L, Dore J, Christian J & Winn C (1995) Ecosystem changes in the North Pacific subtropical gyre attributed to the 1991-92 El Niño. Nature (London) 373: 230-234
41. Karl DM, Tien G, Dore J & Winn CD (1993) Total dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations at US-JGOFS station ALOHA: Redfield reconciliation. Marine Chemistry 41: 203-208
42. Krom MD, Kress N, Brenner S & Gordon LI (1991) Phosphorus limitation of primary productivity in the eastern Mediterranean Sea Limnol. and Oceanography 36: 424-432
43. Lahdes ES Leppanen JM (1988) Cycling of organic matter during the vernal growth period in the open Northern Baltic proper. II. Nutrient development and chemical composition of particulate matter. Finnish Marine Research 255: 19-35
44. Lapointe BE (1986) Phosphorus-limited photosynthesis and growth of Sargassum natans and Sargassum fluitans (Phaeophyceae) in the western North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research 33: 391-399
45. Le Rouzic & Bertru BG (1992) Determination par bioessai de la biodisponibilité des ressources azote et phosphore, dans les eaux du Golfe du Morbihan. Revue des Sciences de l'Eau 5: 97-111
46. Mackenzie FT, Ver LM, Sabine C, Lane M & Lerman A (1993) C, N, P, Sglobal biogeochemical cycles and modeling of global change. In: Wollast R, Mackenzie FT & Chou L (Eds) Interactions of C, N, P and S, Biogeochemical Cycles and Global Change (pp 1-61). Springer-Verlag, Berlin
47. Martin JH & Fitzwater SE (1988) Iron deficiency limits phytoplankton growth in the north-east pacific subarctic. Nature 331: 341-343
48. Martin JH, Coale KH, Johnson KS, Fitzwater SE, Gordon RM, Tanner SJ, Hunter CN, Elrod VA, Nowicki JL, Coley TL, Barber RT, Lindley S, Watson AJ, Van Scoy K, Law CS, Liddicoat MI, Ling R, Stanton T, Stockel J, Collins C, Anderson A, Bidigare R, Ondrusek M, Latasa M, Millero FJ, Lee K, Yao W, Zhang JZ, Friederich G, Sakamoto C, Chavez F, Buck K, Kolber Z, Greene R, Falkowski P, Chisholm SW, Hoge F, Swift R, Yungel J, Turner S, Nightingale P, Hatton A, Liss P & Tindale NW (1994) Testing the iron hypothesis in ecosystems of the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Nature 371: 123-129
49. Menzel DW & Corwin N (1965) The measurement of total phosphorus in seawater based on the liberation of organically bound fractions by persulfate oxidation. Limnol. and Oceanography 10: 280-282
50. Menzel DW & Ryther JH (1961) Nutrients limiting the production of phytoplankton in the Sargasso Sea, with special reference to iron. Deep-Sea Research 7: 276-281
51. Menzel DW, Hulburt EM & Ryther JH (1963) The effects of enriching Sargasso Seawater on the production and species composition of the phytoplankton. Deep-Sea Research 10: 209-219
52. Meybeck M (1982) Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus transport by world rivers. Am. J. Sci. 282: 401-450
53. Peierls B, Caracao N, Pace M & Cole J (1991) Human influence on river nitrogen. Nature 350: 386-387
54. Perttilä MP, Tulkki P & Pietikainen S (1980) Mean values and trends of hydrographical and chemical properties in the Gulf of Finland 1962-1978. Finnish Marine Research 247: 38-50
55. Retikäinen S, Niemi A, Tulkki P & Aurimaa K (1978) Mean values and trends of physical and chemical properties in the Gulf of Bothnia 1962-1975. Finnish Marine Research 244: 64-75
56. Pitkänen H & Malin V (1980) The mean values and trends of some water quality variables in winter in the Gulf of Finland 1966-1978. Finnish Marine Research 247: 51-60
57. Ramadan ZM, Ben-Taleb KS & Trozosinska A (1984) Ecological conditions in the Mediterranean coastal zone. A case study: Fishery Harbour of Tripoli, Libya Bulletin of the Marine Research Center of Tripoli 5: 69-106
58. Redfield AC (1934) On the proportions of organic derivatives in sea water and their relation to the composition of plankton. In: James Johnstone Memorial Volume (pp 176-192). Univ. Press, Liverpool
59. Redfield AC (1958) The biological control of chemical factors in the environment. Am. Sci. 46: 205-221
60. Redfield AC, Ketchum BH & Richards FA (1963) The influence of organisms on the composition of sea-water. In: Hill MN (Ed) The Sea, vol. 2 (pp 26-77) Wiley, NY
61. Rinne IE & Tarkiainen E (1975) Chemical factors affecting algal growth off Helsinki. Merentutkimuslait. Julk. Havsforskninginst. Skr. 239: 91-99
62. 2 sink. Water Air Soil Poll. 64: 289-303
63. Rochford D (1958) Total phosphorus as a means of identifying East Australian water masses. Deep-Sea Research 5: 89-110
64. Rudek J, Paerl HW, Mallin MA & Bates FW (1991) Seasonal and hydrological control of phytoplankton nutrient limitation in the lower Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina Marine Ecology Progress Series 75: 133-142
65. Rydberg L & Sundberg J (1986) Seasonal nutrient supply to coastal waters. In: Marine Interfaces Ecohydrodynamics, 17th Annual Liege Colloquium on Ocean Hydrodynamics (pp 467-485). Elsevier Oceanography Series 42
66. Ryther JH & Dunstan WM (1971) Nitrogen, phosphorus, and eutrophication in the coastal marine environment. Science 171: 1008-1013
67. Ryther JH & Guillard RRL (1959) Enrichment experiments as a means of studying nutrients limiting to phytoplankton production. Deep-Sea Research 6: 65-69
68. Sakamoto M (1966) Primary production by phytoplankton community in some Japanese lakes and its dependence on lake depth. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 62: 1-28
69. Seitzinger SP (1988) Denitrification in freshwater and coastal marine ecosystems: Ecological and geochemical significance. Limnol. and Oceanography 33: 702-724
70. Smayda TJ (1974) Bioassay of the growth potentlal of the surface water of lower Narragansett Bay over an annual cycle using the diatom Thal assi osira pseudonana (oceanic clone, 13-1). Limnol. and Oceanography 19: 889-901
71. Smith SV (1984) Phosphorus vs. nitrogen limitation in the marine environment. Limnol. and Oceanography 29: 1149-1160
72. Smith SV & Veeh HH (1989) Mass balance of biogeochemically active materials (C, N, P) in a hypersaine gulf. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 29: 195-215
73. Smith SV, Kimmerer WJ & Walsh TW (1986) Vertical flux and biogeochemical turnover regulate nutrient limitation of net organic production in the North Pacific Gyre. Limnol. and Oceanography 31: 161-167
74. Smith VH (1983) Low nitrogen to phosphorus ratios favor dominance by blue-green algae in lake phytoplankton. Science 221: 669-671
75. Strickl and JH & Parsons TR (1968) A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis. Fisheries Res. Board Canada, Ottawa
76. Strickland JDH & Parsons TR (1972) A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis. Fisheries Res. Board Canada 167
77. Suzuki Y, Sugimura Y & Ito T (1985) A catalytic oxidation method for the determination of total nitrogen dissolved in seawater. Marine Chemistry 16: 83-97
78. Smayda TJ (1971) Further enrichment experiments using the mari ne centric diatom Cyclotella nana (clone 13-1) as an assay organism. In: Costlow JD (Ed) Fertility of the Sea, vol. 2 (pp 493-511). Gordon and Breach, NY
79. Tarkiainen E, Rinne I & Niemisto L (1974) On the chemical factors regulating the primary production of phytoplankton in the Baltic proper. Merentutkimuslait. Julk. Havsforskningsinst. Skr. 238: 39-52
80. Tett P (1990) The photic zone. In: Herring PJ, Campbell AK, Whitfiled M & Maddock L (Eds) Light and Life in the Sea (pp 59-87). Cambridge
81. Tranter DJ & Newall BS (1963) Enrichment experiments in the Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Research 10: 1-9
82. Treguer P & Le Corre P (1975) Manuel d'analyse des sels nutritifs dans l'eau de mer. Lab. Océanogr. Chimique, Univ. Brétagne Occident. Brest
83. Updegraff DM, Stanton DJ & Spencer MJ (1977) Surface waters of Waimealnlet and Nelson Haven: A preliminary assessment of quality. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 11: 559-575
84. Valderrama JC (1981) The simultaneous analysis of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in natural waters. Marine Chemistry 10: 109-122
85. Vince S & Valielal (1973) The effects of ammonium and phosphate enrichments on chlorophyll a, pigment ratio, and species composition of phytoplankton of Vineyard Sound. Marine Biology 19: 69-73
86. Vitousek PM & Howarth RW (1991) Nitrogen limitation on land and in the sea: How can it occur? Biogeochem. 13: 87-115
87. Williams PM (1967) Sea surface chemistry: Organic carbon and organic and inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in surface films and subsurface waters. Deep-Sea Research 14: 791-800
88. Winn C, Lukas R, Karl D & Firing E (1993) Hawaii Ocean Time-series Data Report 3, 1991. University of Hawaii, Honolulu