Gerbils under threat of owl predation: Isoclines and isodars

Oikos

Volumn 78, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 81-90

  Abramsky, Zvika ^a   Rosenzweig, Michael L ^b   Subach, Aziz ^a  

^a BEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV   (Israel)

^b University of Arizona   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GERBIL; ISOCLINE; ISODAR; PREDATION RISK;

GERBILLUS ALLENBYI;

EID: 0030620577     PISSN: 00301299     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3545803     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Abramsky, Z. and Pinshow, B. 1989. Changes in foraging effort in two gerbil species correlate with habitat type and intra-and interspecific activity. - Oikos 56: 43-53.
2. _ , Rosenzweig, M. L., Pinshow, B., Brown, J. S., Kotler, B. P. and Mitchell, W. A. 1990. Habitat selection: an experimental field test with two gerbil species. - Ecology 71: 2358-2369.
3. _ , Rosenzweig, M. L. and Pinshow, B. 1991. The shape of a gerbil isocline. - Ecology 72: 329-340.
4. _ , Rosenzweig, M. L. and Subach, A. 1992. The shape of a gerbil isocline: An experimental field study. - Oikos 63: 193-199.
5. _ , Ovadia, O. and Rosenzweig, M. L. 1994. The shape of Gerbillus pyramidum isocline: an experimental field study. - Oikos 69: 318-326.
6. _ , Strauss, E., Subach, A., Kotler, B. P. and Riechman, A. 1996. The effect of Barn Owls (Tyto alba) on the activity and microhabitat selection of Gerbillus allenbyi and G. pyramidum. - Oecologia 105: 313-319.
7. Begon, M., Harper, J. L. and Townsend, C. R. 1990. Ecology: individuals, populations, and communities. 2nd ed. -Blackwell, Oxford.
8. Brown, J. S. and Alkon, P. U. 1990. Testing values of crested porcupine habitats by experimental food patches. - Oecologia 83: 512-518.
9. _ , Kotler, B. P., Smith, R. J. and Wirtz, W. O. 1988. The effects of owl predation on the foraging behavior of heteromyid rodents. - Oecologia 76: 408-415.
10. Clarke, J. A. 1983. Moonlight's influence on predator/prey interactions between short-eared owls (Asio flammeus) and deer mice (Peromyacus maniculatus). - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 13: 205-209.
11. Doucet, G. J. and Bider, J. R. 1969. Activity of Microtus pennsylvanicus related to moon phase and moonlight revealed by the sand transect technique - Can. J. Zool. 47: 1183-1186.
12. Fretwell, S. D. 1972. Populations in a seasonal environment. -Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
13. Gause, G. P. 1934. The struggle for existence. - Hafner, New York.
14. _ , Smaragdova, N. P. and Witt, A. A. 1936. Further studies of interaction between predator and prey. - J. Anim. Ecol. 5: 1-18.
15. Gotelli, N. J. 1995. A primer of ecology. - Sinauer, New York.
16. Hassell, M. P. 1978. The dynamics of arthropod predator-prey systems. - Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
17. _ and Anderson, R. M. 1989. Predator-prey and host-pathogen interactions. - In: Cherrett, J. M. (ed.), Ecological concepts. Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 147-196.
18. _ and May, R. M. 1989. The population biology of host-parasite and host-parasitoid associations. - In: Roughgarden, J., May, R. M. and Levin, S. A. (eds), Perspectives in ecological theory. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, pp. 319-347.
19. Holt, R. D. 1977. Predation, apparent competition, and the structure of prey communities. - Theor. Popul. Biol. 12: 197-229.
20. Horn, H. and MacArthur, R. H. 1972. Competition among fugitive species in a harlequin environment. - Ecology 53: 749-752.
21. Huffaker, C. B. 1958. Experimental studies on predation: dispersion factors and predator-prey oscillations. - Hilgardia 27: 343-383.
22. Kotler, B. P. 1984. Risk of predation and the structure of desert rodents communities. - Ecology 65: 689-701.
23. _ and Holt, R. D. 1989. Predation and competition: the interaction of two types of species interactions. - Oikos 54: 256-260.
24. _ , Brown, J. S., Smith, R. J. and Wirtz, W. O. 1988. The effects of morphology and body size on rates of owl predation on desert rodents. - Oikos 53: 145-152.
25. _ , Brown, J. S. and Hasson, O. 1991. The specter of predation: factors affecting gerbil foraging behavior and rates of owl predation. - Ecology 72: 2249-2260.
26. _ , Brown, J. S. and Subach, J. S. 1993. Mechanisms of species coexistence of optimal foragers: temporal partitioning by two species of sand dune gerbils. - Oikos 67: 548-556.
27. Krebs, C. J., Keller, B. L. and Tamarin, R. H. 1969. Microtus population biology: demographic changes in fluctuating populations of M. ochrogaster and M. pennsylvanicus in Southern Indiana. - Ecology 50: 587-607.
28. Levins, R. and Culver, D. 1971. Regional coexistence of species and competition between rare species. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68: 246-248.
29. Lockard, R. D. and Owings, D. H. 1974. Moon-related surface activity of bannertail (Dipodomys spectabilis) and (Dipodomys nitratoides) kangaroo rats. - Anim. Behav. 22: 262-273.
30. Longland, W. S. and Price, M. V. 1991. Direct observations of owls and heteromyid rodents: can predation risk explain microhabitat use? - Ecology 72: 2261-2273.
31. Lotka, A. J. 1924. Elements of mathematical biology. -Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
32. _ 1932. The growth of mixed populations. - J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 22: 461-469.
33. Luckinbill, L. S. 1973. Coexistence in laboratory populations of Paramecium aurelia and its predator Didinium nasutum. - Ecology 54: 1320-1327.
34. _ 1974. The effect of space and enrichment on a predator-prey system. - Ecology 55: 1142-1147.
35. Magnhagen, C. 1991. Predation risk as a cost of reproduction. - Trends Ecol. Evol. 6: 183-186.
36. MacArthur, R. H, 1972. Geographical ecology. - Harper and Row, New York.
37. Maly, E. J. 1969. A laboratory study of the interaction between the predatory rotifer Asplanchna and Paramecium. -Ecology 50: 59-73.
38. May, R. 1981. Models for two interacting populations. - In May, R. M. (ed.), Theoretical ecology, principles and applications. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 78-104.
39. Maynard Smith, J. 1974. Models in ecology, - Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
40. Mitchell, W. A., Abramsky, Z., Kotler, B. P., Pinshow, B. and Brown, J. S. 1990. The effect of competition on foraging activity in desert rodents: theory and experiments. - Ecology 71: 844-854.
41. Mittelbach, G. G. and Chesson, P. L. 1987. Predation risk: indirect effects on fish populations. - In: Kerfoot, W. C. and Sih, A. (eds), Predation. Univ. Press of New England, Hanover, NH, pp. 315-332.
42. Morris, D. W. 1988. Habitat dependent population regulation and community structure. - Evol. Ecol. 2: 253-269.
43. Nicholson, A. J. and Bailey, V. A. 1935. The balance of animal populations. - Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 3: 551-598.
44. Noy-Meir, I. 1975. Stability of grazing systems: an application of predator-prey graphs. - J. Ecol. 63: 459-483.
45. Price, M. V., Waser, N. M. and Bass, T. A. 1984. Effects of moonlight on microhabitat use by desert rodents. - J. Mammal. 65: 353-356.
46. Ricklefs, R. E. 1990. Ecology, third ed. - Freeman, New York.
47. Rosenzweig, M. L. 1977. Aspects of biological exploitation. -Q. Rev. Biol. 52: 371-380.
48. _ and MacArthur, R. H. 1963. Graphical analysis and stability conditions of predator-prey interactions. - Am. Nat. 97: 209-233.
49. Royama, T. 1971. A comparative study of models of predation and parasitism. - Res. Popul. Ecol. Suppl. 1: 1-91.
50. Salt, G. W. 1967. Predation in an experimental protozoan population (Paramecium). - Ecol. Monogr. 37: 113-144.
51. Slobodkin, L. B. 1961. Growth and regulation of animal populations. - Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York.
52. Thompson, S. D. 1982. Structure and species composition of desert heteromyid rodent species assemblages effects of a simple habitat manipulation. - Ecology 63: 1313-1321.
53. Utida, S. 1955. Population fluctuation in a system of host-parasite interaction. - Mem. Coll. Agric. Kyoto Univ. 71.
54. _ 1957. Population fluctuations, an experimental and theoretical approach. - Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 22: 139-151.
55. Vandermeer, J. H. 1973. Generalized models of two species interactions: a graphical analysis. - Ecology 54: 809-818.
56. Volterra, V. 1926. Variations and fluctuations of the number of individuals in animal species living together. - In: Chapman, R. N. (ed.), Animal ecology. McGraw-Hill, New York.
57. Werner, E. E., Gilliam, J. F., Hall, D. L. and Mittelbach, G. G. 1983. An experimental test of the effects of predation risk on habitat use in fish. - Ecology 64: 1540-1548.
58. Ziv, Y., Abramsky, Z., Kotler, B. P. and Subach, A. 1993. Interference competition and temporal and habitat partitioning in two gerbil species. - Oikos 55: 237-246.