메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 275, Issue 5308, 1997, Pages 1920-1922

Diffusing-wave spectroscopy of dynamics in a three-dimensional granular flow

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLASS;

EID: 0030620508     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.275.5308.1920     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (185)

References (34)
  • 1
    • 0026491010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • H. M. Jaeger and S. R. Nagel, Science 255, 1523 (1992); _ and R. P. Behringer, Phys. Today 49, 32 (April 1996); C. S. Campbell, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 22, 57 (1990).
    • (1992) Science , vol.255 , pp. 1523
    • Jaeger, H.M.1    Nagel, S.R.2
  • 2
    • 0026491010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • April
    • H. M. Jaeger and S. R. Nagel, Science 255, 1523 (1992); _ and R. P. Behringer, Phys. Today 49, 32 (April 1996); C. S. Campbell, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 22, 57 (1990).
    • (1996) Phys. Today , vol.49 , pp. 32
    • Behringer, R.P.1
  • 3
    • 0025000507 scopus 로고
    • H. M. Jaeger and S. R. Nagel, Science 255, 1523 (1992); _ and R. P. Behringer, Phys. Today 49, 32 (April 1996); C. S. Campbell, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 22, 57 (1990).
    • (1990) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.22 , pp. 57
    • Campbell, C.S.1
  • 5
    • 0000843619 scopus 로고
    • R. A. Bagnold, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 225, 49 (1954); ibid. 295, 219 (1966).
    • (1966) Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A , vol.295 , pp. 219
  • 7
    • 0020751294 scopus 로고
    • S. Ogawa, in Proceedings of the U.S.-Japan Symposium on Continuum Mechanics and Statistical Approaches in the Mechanics of Granular Materials, S. C. Cowin and M. Satake, Eds. (Gakujutsu Bunken Fukyukai, Tokyo, 1979), pp. 208-217; J. T. Jenkins and S. B. Savage, J. Fluid Mech. 130, 187 (1983); P. K. Haff, ibid. 134, 401 (1983); J. Schofield and I. Oppenheim, Physica A 196, 209 (1993).
    • (1983) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.130 , pp. 187
    • Jenkins, J.T.1    Savage, S.B.2
  • 8
    • 0020811698 scopus 로고
    • S. Ogawa, in Proceedings of the U.S.-Japan Symposium on Continuum Mechanics and Statistical Approaches in the Mechanics of Granular Materials, S. C. Cowin and M. Satake, Eds. (Gakujutsu Bunken Fukyukai, Tokyo, 1979), pp. 208-217; J. T. Jenkins and S. B. Savage, J. Fluid Mech. 130, 187 (1983); P. K. Haff, ibid. 134, 401 (1983); J. Schofield and I. Oppenheim, Physica A 196, 209 (1993).
    • (1983) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.134 , pp. 401
    • Haff, P.K.1
  • 9
    • 0039068283 scopus 로고
    • S. Ogawa, in Proceedings of the U.S.-Japan Symposium on Continuum Mechanics and Statistical Approaches in the Mechanics of Granular Materials, S. C. Cowin and M. Satake, Eds. (Gakujutsu Bunken Fukyukai, Tokyo, 1979), pp. 208-217; J. T. Jenkins and S. B. Savage, J. Fluid Mech. 130, 187 (1983); P. K. Haff, ibid. 134, 401 (1983); J. Schofield and I. Oppenheim, Physica A 196, 209 (1993).
    • (1993) Physica A , vol.196 , pp. 209
    • Schofield, J.1    Oppenheim, I.2
  • 10
  • 11
    • 0025957905 scopus 로고
    • M. A. Hopkins and M. Y. Louge, Phys. Fluids A 3, 47 (1991); I. Goldhirsch and G. Zanetti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1619 (1993); S. McNamara and W. Young, Phys. Rev. E 50, R28 (1994); D. R. M. Williams and F. C. MacKintosh, ibid. 54, R9 (1996).
    • (1991) Phys. Fluids A , vol.3 , pp. 47
    • Hopkins, M.A.1    Louge, M.Y.2
  • 12
    • 12044258224 scopus 로고
    • M. A. Hopkins and M. Y. Louge, Phys. Fluids A 3, 47 (1991); I. Goldhirsch and G. Zanetti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1619 (1993); S. McNamara and W. Young, Phys. Rev. E 50, R28 (1994); D. R. M. Williams and F. C. MacKintosh, ibid. 54, R9 (1996).
    • (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.70 , pp. 1619
    • Goldhirsch, I.1    Zanetti, G.2
  • 13
    • 0002843730 scopus 로고
    • M. A. Hopkins and M. Y. Louge, Phys. Fluids A 3, 47 (1991); I. Goldhirsch and G. Zanetti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1619 (1993); S. McNamara and W. Young, Phys. Rev. E 50, R28 (1994); D. R. M. Williams and F. C. MacKintosh, ibid. 54, R9 (1996).
    • (1994) Phys. Rev. E , vol.50
    • McNamara, S.1    Young, W.2
  • 14
    • 0001989827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M. A. Hopkins and M. Y. Louge, Phys. Fluids A 3, 47 (1991); I. Goldhirsch and G. Zanetti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1619 (1993); S. McNamara and W. Young, Phys. Rev. E 50, R28 (1994); D. R. M. Williams and F. C. MacKintosh, ibid. 54, R9 (1996).
    • (1996) Phys. Rev. E , vol.54
    • Williams, D.R.M.1    MacKintosh, F.C.2
  • 15
    • 0141839459 scopus 로고
    • G. Maret and P. E. Wolf, Z. Phys. B 65, 409 (1987); D. J. Pine, D. A. Weitz, P. M. Chaikin, E. Herbolzheimer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1134 (1988); D. J. Pine, D. A. Weitz, J. X. Zhu, E. Herbolzheimer, J. Phys. (France) 51, 2101 (1990).
    • (1987) Z. Phys. B , vol.65 , pp. 409
    • Maret, G.1    Wolf, P.E.2
  • 16
    • 0000712949 scopus 로고
    • G. Maret and P. E. Wolf, Z. Phys. B 65, 409 (1987); D. J. Pine, D. A. Weitz, P. M. Chaikin, E. Herbolzheimer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1134 (1988); D. J. Pine, D. A. Weitz, J. X. Zhu, E. Herbolzheimer, J. Phys. (France) 51, 2101 (1990).
    • (1988) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.60 , pp. 1134
    • Pine, D.J.1    Weitz, D.A.2    Chaikin, P.M.3    Herbolzheimer, E.4
  • 17
    • 0141839459 scopus 로고
    • G. Maret and P. E. Wolf, Z. Phys. B 65, 409 (1987); D. J. Pine, D. A. Weitz, P. M. Chaikin, E. Herbolzheimer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1134 (1988); D. J. Pine, D. A. Weitz, J. X. Zhu, E. Herbolzheimer, J. Phys. (France) 51, 2101 (1990).
    • (1990) J. Phys. (France) , vol.51 , pp. 2101
    • Pine, D.J.1    Weitz, D.A.2    Zhu, J.X.3    Herbolzheimer, E.4
  • 19
    • 0027790547 scopus 로고
    • S. S. Hsiau and M. L. Hunt, ibid. 251, 299 (1993); V. V. R. Natarajan, M. L. Hunt, E. D. Taylor, ibid. 304, 1 (1995).
    • (1993) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.251 , pp. 299
    • Hsiau, S.S.1    Hunt, M.L.2
  • 22
    • 0010113777 scopus 로고
    • M. Nakagawa et al., Exp. Fluids 16, 54 (1993); E. E. Ehrichs et al., Science 267, 1632 (1995).
    • (1993) Exp. Fluids , vol.16 , pp. 54
    • Nakagawa, M.1
  • 23
    • 0029271193 scopus 로고
    • M. Nakagawa et al., Exp. Fluids 16, 54 (1993); E. E. Ehrichs et al., Science 267, 1632 (1995).
    • (1995) Science , vol.267 , pp. 1632
    • Ehrichs, E.E.1
  • 24
    • 1842282286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jaygo (Union, NJ) and Cataphote (Jackson, MS)
    • Jaygo (Union, NJ) and Cataphote (Jackson, MS).
  • 25
    • 1842396900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 4 than the energy lost to the viscous drag of the air.
  • 26
    • 0001020242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S. Fraden and G. Maret, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 512 (1990); X. Qiu et al., ibid., p. 516; J.-Z. Xue et al., ibid. 69, 1715 (1992).
    • (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.65 , pp. 512
    • Fraden, S.1    Maret, G.2
  • 27
    • 0001020242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S. Fraden and G. Maret, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 512 (1990); X. Qiu et al., ibid., p. 516; J.-Z. Xue et al., ibid. 69, 1715 (1992).
    • Phys. Rev. Lett. , pp. 516
    • Qiu, X.1
  • 28
    • 0000342231 scopus 로고
    • S. Fraden and G. Maret, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 512 (1990); X. Qiu et al., ibid., p. 516; J.-Z. Xue et al., ibid. 69, 1715 (1992).
    • (1992) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.69 , pp. 1715
    • Xue, J.-Z.1
  • 32
    • 1842277426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2(τ)〉 obtained from DWS, this quantity is multiplied by a factor of 3.
  • 34
    • 1842324377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We directly confirmed that the gradients in the other two directions were small by moving the beam across the channel.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.