Dispersion index: Measuring trend assessment of geographical inequality in health - The example of under-five mortality in the Middle East/North African region, 1980-1994

Social Science and Medicine

Volumn 44, Issue 12, 1997, Pages 1893-1902

  Galal, Osman M ^a   Qureshi, Azhar K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Coefficient of variation; Dispersion index; Geographical inequality; Under five mortality

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILDHOOD MORTALITY; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH STATUS; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MIDDLE EAST; NORTH AFRICA;

AFRICA, NORTHERN; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; GEOGRAPHY; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT MORTALITY; INFANT, NEWBORN; MIDDLE EAST; MODELS, STATISTICAL; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

CHILD MORTALITY; DEVELOPING REGION; DISPERSION INDEX; GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH INEQUALITY; HEALTH STATUS; MEDICAL GEOGRAPHY; REGIONAL DIFFERENCES;

AFRICA, (NORTH); MIDDLE EAST;

EID: 0030619349     PISSN: 02779536     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00298-5     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. ACCD (Arab Council for Childhood and Development) (1990) The State of the Child in the Arab World 1990. ACCD, Giza, Egypt.
2. Clark, W. and Hosking, P. (1986) Statistical Methods for Geographers. Wiley, New York.
3. Coulter, P. B. (1989) Measuring Inequality: A Methodological Handbook. Westview, London.
4. Cowell, F. A. (1995) Measuring Inequality, 2nd edn. Prentice-Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf, Hertfordshire.
5. Dixon, W. J. and Massey, F. J., Jr (1983) Introduction to Statistical Analysis, 4th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York.
6. Egunjobi, L. (1993) Spatial distribution of mortality from leading notifiable diseases in Nigeria. Social Science & Medicine 36, 1267-1272.
7. Freund, J. E. and Williams, F. J. (1991) Dictionary/Outline of Basic Statistics. Dover, New York.
8. Gibbons, J. D. (1993) Nonparametric Statistics: An Introduction. Sage University Paper Series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, 07-090, Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
9. Hartwig, F. and Bearing, B. E. (1979) Exploratory Data Analysis. Sage University Paper Series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, 07-016, Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
10. Heffernan, P. M. (1988) New measures of spread and a simpler formula for the normal distribution. American Statistician 42, 100-102.
11. Horn, R. V. (1993) Statistical Indicators for the Economic and Social sciences. Cambridge University Press, Melbourne.
12. Illsley, R. and Le Grand, J. (1993) Regional inequalities in mortality. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 47, 444-449.
13. Kanji, G. K. (1993) 100 Statistical Tests. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
14. Kolm, S.-G. (1976) Unequal inequalities, I. Journal of Economic Theory 12, 416-422.
15. Le Grand, J. (1987) Inequalities in health: some international comparisons. European Economic Review 31, 182-191.
16. Pebley, A. R. (1993) Goals of the World Summit for Children and their implications for health policy in the 1990s. In The Epidemiological Transition: Policy and Planning Implications for Developing Countries, eds J. Gribble and S. Preston, pp. 170-196, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
17. Raudenbush, S. W. (1988) Estimating change in dispersion. Journal of Educational Statistics 13, 148-171.
18. Snedecor, G. W. and Cochran, W. G. (1990) Statistical Methods, 8th edn. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
19. Tornqvist, L., Vartia, P. and Vartia, Y. (1985) How should relative change be measured? American Statistician 39, 43-46.
20. UNDP (United Nations Development Fund) (1996) Human Development Report 1996. Oxford University Press, New York.
21. UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) (1989) The State of the World's Children 1989. Oxford University Press, New York.
22. UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) (1991) The State of the World's Children 1991. Oxford University Press, New York.
23. UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) (1996) The State of the World's Children 1996. Oxford University Press, New York.
24. United Nations (1988) Mortality of Children Under Age Five: World Estimates and Projections, 1950-2025. Population Studies No. 105, United Nations, New York.
25. Vazquez-Vizoso, F., Castilla, J., Pollan, M. and Lopez-Abente, G. (1993) Assessment of trends in geographical inequalities in infant mortality. Social Science & Medicine 37, 413-417.
26. Verhasselt, Y. and Pyle, G. F. (1993) Geographical inequalities of mortality in developing countries. Social Science & Medicine 36, 1239-1382.
27. Wagstaff, A., Pierella, P. and Doorslaer, E. (1991) On the measurement of inequalities in health. Social Science & Medicine 33, 545-557.
28. Weisberg, H. F. (1992) Central Tendency and Variability. Sage University Paper Series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, 07-083, Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
29. Wing, S., Casper, M., Davis, W., Hayes, C., Riggan, W. and Tyroler, H. (1990) Trends in the geographic inequality of cardio-vascular disease mortality in the United States, 1962-1982. Social Science & Medicine 30, 261-266.
30. World Bank (1996) From Plan to Market: World Development Report 1996. Oxford University Press, New York.
31. World Health Organization (1981) Global Strategies for Health for All by the Year 2000: Health for All Series No. 3. World Health Organization, Geneva.
32. World Health Organization (1985) Targets for Health for All: European Health for All Series, No. 1. World Health Organization, Copenhagen.