Modeling and experimental validation of volatile organic contaminant diffusion through an unsaturated soil

Water Resources Research

Volumn 33, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 599-609

  Arands, R ^a,c   Lam, T ^a,b   Massry, I ^a,c   Berler, D H ^a,c   Muzzio, F J ^a,c   Kosson, D S ^a,c  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MERCK RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (United States)

^c The State University of New Jersey   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGGREGATES; DESORPTION; FORECASTING; IMPURITIES; SILT; SOILS;

CONTAMINANT DISTRIBUTIONS; DIFFUSIVE TRANSPORT; DIFFUSIVE TRANSPORT MODELS; EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATIONS; INDEPENDENT SOURCES; ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE; ORGANIC CONTAMINANT; PHASE DISTRIBUTION;

CONTAMINATION;

DIFFUSION; MODELLING; POLLUTANT TRANSPORT; SOILS;

DIFFUSION; MODEL; POLLUTANT TRANSPORT; UNSATURATED SOIL; VOC;

EID: 0030618864     PISSN: 00431397     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/96WR03976     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Batterman, S., A. Kulshrestha, and H.-Y. Cheng, Hydrocarbon vapor transport in low moisture soils, Environ. Sci. Technol., 29(1), 171-180, 1995.
2. Black, C., D. Evans, J. White, L. Ensminger, and F. Clark (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1, pp. 499-510, Am. Soc. of Agron., Madison, Wis., 1965.
3. Constantinides, A., Applied Numerical Methods With Personal Computers, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1987.
4. Crank, J., The Mathematics of Diffusion, 2nd ed., Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1975.
5. Culver, T., C. Shoemaker, and L. Lion, Impact of vapor sorption on the subsurface transport of volatile organic compounds: A numerical model and analysis, Water Resour. Res., 27(9), 2259-2270, 1991.
6. Cussler, E. L., Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, p. 189, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1984.
7. Fuller, E., P. Schettler, and J. Giddings, A new method for prediction of binary gas-phase diffusion coefficients, Ind. Eng. Chem., 58(5), 19-27, 1966.
8. Gierke, J., N. Hutzler, and J. Crittenden, Modeling the movement of volatile organic chemicals in columns of unsaturated soil, Water Resour. Res., 26(7), 1529-1547, 1990.
9. Goss, K., and S. Eisenreich, Adsorption of VOCs from the gas phase to different minerals and a mineral mixture, Environ. Sci. Technol., 30(7), 2135-2142, 1996.
10. Johnson, R., and M. Perrott, Gasoline vapor transport through a high-water-content soil, J. Contam. Hydrol., 8(3-4), 317-334, 1991.
11. Johnson, T., and D. Kreamer, Physical and mathematical modeling of diesel fuel liquid and vapor movements in porous media, Ground Water, 32(4), 551-560, 1994.
12. Jury, W., W. Spencer, and W. Farmer, Behavior assessment model for trace organics in soil, I, Model description, J. Environ. Qual., 12(4), 558-564, 1983.
13. Karimi, A., W. Farmer, and M. Cliath, Vapor-phase diffusion of benzene in soil, J. Environ. Qual., 16(1), 38-43, 1987.
14. Lin, T., J. Little, and W. Nazaroff, Transport and sorption of volatile organic compounds and water vapor within dry soil grains, Environ. Sci. Technol., 28(2), 322-330, 1994.
15. Lin, T., M. van Loy, and W. Nazaroff, Gas-phase transport and sorption of benzene in soil, Environ. Sci. Technol., 30(7), 2178-2186, 1996.
16. Lotrario, J., B. Stuart, T. Lam, R. Arands, O. O'Connor, and D. Kosson, Effects of sterilization methods on the physical characteristics of soil: Implications for sorption isotherm analyses, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 54(5), 668-675, 1995.
17. Pennell, K. D., R. D. Rhue, and A. G. Hornsby, Competitive adsorption of para-xylene and water vapors on calcium, sodium, and lithium-saturated kaolinite, J. Environ. Qual., 21(3), 419-426, 1992.
18. Peterson, M., L. Lion, and C. Shoemaker, Influence of vapor-phase sorption and diffusion on the fate of trichloroethylene in an unsaturated aquifer system, Environ. Sci. Technol., 22(5), 571-578, 1988.
19. Rao, P. S. C., R. Jessup, and T. Addiscott, Experimental and theoretical aspects of solute diffusion in spherical and nonspherical aggregates, Soil Sci., 133(6), 342-349, 1982.
20. Rhue, R. D., P. S. C. Rao, and R. E. Smith, Vapor-phase adsorption of alkylbenzenes and water on soils and clays, Chemosphere, 17(4), 727-741, 1988.
21. Riddick, J., W. Bunger, and T. Sakano, Organic Solvents: Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, 4th ed., John Wiley, New York, 1986.
22. Rowell, D., Soil Science: Methods and Applications, Longman Sci. and Tech., Essex, England, 1994.
23. Ryan, P., and Y. Cohen, Diffusion of sorbed solutes in gas and liquid phases of low-moisture soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 54(2), 341-346, 1990.
24. Schaefer, C., R. Arands, H. van der Sloot, and D. Kosson, Prediction and experimental validation of liquid-phase diffusion resistance in unsaturated soil, J. Contam. Hydrol., 20(1-2), 145-166, 1995.
25. Schaefer, C., R. Arands, H. van der Sloot, and D. Kosson, Modeling of gaseous diffusion through unsaturated soil systems, J. Contam. Hydrol., in press, 1997.
26. Selim, H., Prediction of contaminant retention and transport in soils using kinetic multireaction models, Environ. Health Perspect., 83, 69-75, 1989.
27. Shonnard, D., R. Bell, and A. Jackman, Effects of nonlinear sorption on the diffusion of benzene and dichloromethane from two air-dry soils, Environ. Sci. Technol., 27(3), 457-466, 1993.
28. Thibaud-Erkey, C., Y. Guo, C. Erkey, and A. Akgerman, Mathematical modeling of adsorption and desorption of volatile contaminants from soil: Influence of isotherm shape on adsorption and desorption profiles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 30(7), 2127-2134, 1996.
29. Turner, L. H., Y. Chiew, R. C. Ahlert, and D. S. Kosson, Measuring vapor-liquid equilibrium for aqueous-organic systems: Review and a new technique, AIChE J., 42(6), 1772-1787, 1996.
30. Unger, D., T. Lam, C. E. Schaefer, and D. S. Kosson, Predicting the effect of moisture on vapor-phase sorption of volatile organic compounds to soils, Environ. Sci. Technol., 30(4), 1081-1091, 1996.
31. Voudrias, E., and C. Li, Importance of Knudsen diffusion on benzene vapor transport in unsaturated soil, Chemosphere, 25(5), 651-663, 1992.