Tissue turnover within grass-clover mixed swards grazed by sheep. Methodology for calculating growth, senescence and intake fluxes

Journal of Applied Ecology

Volumn 34, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 333-348

  Carrere P ^a   Louault, F ^a   Soussana, J F ^a  

^a CEMAGREF   (France)

Author keywords

continuous grazing; herbage; Lolium perenne; rotational grazing; Trifolium repens

Indexed keywords

GRAZING; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; SHEEP; WHITE CLOVER;

FABACEAE; LOLIUM PERENNE; OVIS ARIES; POACEAE; TRIFOLIUM REPENS;

EID: 0030618704     PISSN: 00218901     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2404880     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Arosteguy, J.C. (1982) The dynamics of herbage growth and utilization in sward grazed by cattle and sheep. PhD Thesis, University of Edinburgh.
2. Bircham, J.S. (1981) Herbage growth and utilisation under continuous stocking management. PhD Thesis, University of Edinburgh.
3. Bircham, J.S. & Hodgson, J. (1983) The influence of sward conditions on rate of herbage growth and senescence in mixed swards under continuous stocking management. Grass and Forage Science, 38, 323-331.
4. Carlson, G.E. (1966) Growth of clover leaves - developmental morphology and parameters at ten stages. Crop Science, 6, 293-294.
5. Carrère, P. (1994) Défoliation d'une association prairiale graminée (Lolium perenne L.) légumineuse (Trifolium repens L.) pâturée par des ovins - Impact sur la croissance et l'utilisation de l'herbe. PhD Thesis, University Paris XI, Orsay, France.
6. Carrère, P., Louault, F., Soussana, J.F. & Pichon, P. (1995) Defoliation in a grass (Lolium perenne L.)-clover (Trifolium repens L.) mixture continuously grazed by sheep. Vth International Rangeland Congress, 23-28 July 1995, Salt Lake City, US. Vol. 1, 80-81.
7. Clark, D.A., Chapman, D.F., Land, C.A. & Dymock, N. (1984) Defoliation of Lolium perenne and Agrostis spp. tillers, and Trifolium repens stolons in set stocked and rotationally grazed hill pastures. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 27, 289-301.
8. Davies, A. (1990) Utilization of grass and clover in a continuously grazed Lolium perenne/Trifolium repens sward. Proceedings of the First Congress of the European Society of Agronomy, Paris, 1990 (ed. A. Scaife), Session I, p. 66. European Society of Agronomy, Colmar, France.
9. Davies, A. (1993) Tissue turnover in the sward. Sward Measurement Handbook, 2nd edn (eds A. Davies, R. D. Baker, S. A. Grant & A. S. Laidlaw). pp. 183-216. British Grassland Society, Reading, UK.
10. Frame, J. & Newbould, P. (1986) Agronomy of white clover. Advances in Agronomy, 40, 1-88.
11. Grant, S.A., Barthram, G.T., Torvell, L., King, J. & Smith, H.K. (1983) Sward management, lamina turnover, and tiller population density in continuously stocked Lolium perenne L. dominated sward. Grass and Forage Science, 38, 333-344.
12. Grant, S.A., Elston, D.A. & Barthram, G.T. (1989) Problems of estimating tissue turnover in grass swards in the presence of grazing animals. Grass and Forage Science, 44, 47-54.
13. Grant, S.A., Torvell, L., Sim, E.M. & Small, J. (1991) The effect of stolon burial and defoliation early in the grazing season on white clover performance. Grass and Forage Science, 46, 173-182.
14. Hodgson, J. (1966) The frequency of defoliation of individual tillers in a set-stocked sward. Journal of British Grassland Society, 21, 258-263.
15. Laidlaw, A.S. & Steen, R.W.J. (1989) Turnover of grass laminae and white clover leaves in mixed swards continuously grazed with steers at a high and a low N fertilizer level. Grass and Forage Science, 44, 249-258.
16. Louault, F., Carrère, P. & Soussana, J.F. (1994) Defoliation pattern in early spring of a grass-clover sward sown in alternate rows and continuously stocked with sheep. Grassland and Society, Proceedings of the 15th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation (eds J. Frame & L.'t Mannetje), pp. 81-84. Wageningen Pers Publ.
17. Mazzanti, A. (1990) Effet de l'azote sur la croissance de l'herbe d'une prairie de fétuque élevée et son utilisation par des moutons en pâturage continu. PhD Thesis, University Paris XI, Orsay, France.
18. Mazzanti, A. & Lemaire, G. (1994) Effect of nitrogen fertilization on herbage production of tall fescue swards continuously grazed by sheep. 2. Consumption and efficiency of herbage utilization. Grass and Forage Science, 49, 352-359.
19. Parsons, A.J., Harvey, A. & Johnson, I.R. (1991) Plant-animal interactions in a continuously grazed mixture. I. Differences in the physiology of leaf expansion and the fate of leaves of grass and clover. Journal of Applied Ecology, 28, 619-634.
20. Solangaarachchi, S.M. & Harper, J.L. (1987) The effect of canopy filtered light on the growth of white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Oecologia, 72, 372-376.
21. Soussana, J.F., Casella, E. & Loiseau, P. (1994) Regrowth components of perennial ryegrass swards under climate change. Grassland and Society, Proceedings of the 15th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation (eds J. Frame & L.'t Mannetje), pp. 402-407. Wageningen Pers Publ.
22. Thomas, H. (1980) Terminology and definitions in studies of grassland plants. Grass and Forage Science, 35, 13-23.
23. Thomas, R.G. (1987) Vegetative growth and development. White Clover (eds M. J. Baker & W. M. Williams), pp. 31-62. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon.
24. Williams, R.F., Evans, L.T. & Ludwig, L.J. (1964) Estimation of leaf area of clover and lucerne. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 15, 231-233.