The ecological function of extrafloral nectaries: Herbivore deterrence by visiting ants and reproductive output in Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae)

Functional Ecology

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 323-330

  Oliveira, P S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMPINAS   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Ant plant interaction; cerrado vegetation; fruit abortion; fruit set; mutualism

Indexed keywords

CARYOCAR BRASILIENSE; CARYOCARACEAE; CECIDOMYIIDAE; DIPTERA; EDESSA RUFOMARGINATA; EUNICA BECHINA; FORMICIDAE; HYMENOPTERA; ISOPTERA; LEPIDOPTERA; NYMPHALIDAE; PRODIPLOSIS FLORICOLA;

EXTRAFLORAL NECTARY; FLOWER VISITING; FRUIT PRODUCTION; PEST DETERRENCE; PLANT-INSECT INTERACTION; REPRODUCTIVE OUTPUT;

BRAZIL, (SOUTHEAST);

EID: 0030617581     PISSN: 02698463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2435.1997.00087.x     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Addicott, J.F. (1984) Mutualistic interactions in populations and community processes. A New Ecology (eds P. W. Price, C. N. Slobodchikoff & W. S. Gaud), p. 438-455. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
2. Augspurger, C. K. (1980) Mass-flowering of a tropical shrub (Hybanthus prunifolius): influence on pollinator attraction and movement. Evolution 34, 475-488.
3. Barradas, M.M. (1972) Informações sobre floração, frutificação e dispersão do piqui Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Caryocaraceae). Ciência e Cultura 24, 1063-1068.
4. Barton, A.M. (1986) Spatial variation in the effect of ants on an extrafloral nectary plant. Ecology 67, 495-504.
5. Beattie, A.J. (1985) The Evolutionary Ecology Ant-Plant Mutualisms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
6. Begon, M., Harper, J.L. & Townsend, C.R. (1990) Ecology: Individuals, Populations and Communities, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
7. Bentley, B.L. (1977) Extrafloral nectaries and protection by pugnacious bodyguards. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 8, 407-428.
8. Bronstein, J.L. (1994) Conditional outcomes in mutualistic interactions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9, 214-217.
9. Coley, P.D. (1980) Effects of leaf age and plant life history patterns on herbivory. Nature 284, 545-546.
10. Costa, F.M.C.B., Oliveira-Filho, A.T. & Oliveira, P.S. (1992) The role of extrafloral nectaries in Qualea grandiflora (Vochysiaceae) in limiting herbivory: an experiment of ant protection in cerrado vegetation. Ecological Entomology 17, 362-365.
11. Cushman, J.H. & Addicott, J.F. (1991) Conditional interactions in ant-plant-herbivore mutualisms. Ant-Plant Interactions (eds C. R. Huxley & D. F. Cutler), pp. 92-103. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
12. Davidson, D.W. & McKey, D. (1993) The evolutionary ecology of symbiotic ant-plant relationships. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2, 13-83.
13. Del-Claro, K., Berto, V. & Réu, W. (1996) Effect of herbivore deterrence by ants on the fruit set of an extrafloral nectary plant, Qualea multiflora (Vochysiaceae). Journal of Tropical Ecology 12, 887-892.
14. Eiten, G. (1972) The cerrado vegetation of Brazil. Botanical Review 38, 201-341.
15. Folgarait, P.J. & Davidson, D.W. (1994) Responses of Cecropia to experimental removal of Müllerian bodies. Functional Ecology 8, 22-28.
16. Fonseca, C.R. (1994) Herbivory and the long-lived leaves of an Amazonian ant-tree. Journal of Ecology 82, 833-842.
17. Freitas, A.V.L. & Oliveira, P.S. (1992) Biology and behavior of Eunica bechina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) with special reference to larval defense against ant predation. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 31, 1-11.
18. Freitas, A.V.L. & Oliveira, P.S. (1996) Ants as selective agents on herbivore biology: effects on the behaviour of a non-myrmecophilous butterfly. Journal of Animal Ecology 65, 205-210.
19. Goodland, R. (1971a) A physiognomic analysis of the cerrado vegetation of central Brazil. Journal of Ecology 59, 411-419.