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Assessment performed by Lesprojekt, the Czech Forestry commission Brandys nad Labem, Czech Republic. Class 1 denotes a almost healthy forest and class 6 a dead stand, 2, 3,4 and 5 are intermediate classes. Class definition as follows. Damage Class Description 1. More than 20% of trees slightly * damaged but no more than 5% of trees heavily * damaged and no more than 32% of trees have medium * or greater damage. 2. 6-30% of trees heavily damaged or 33-84% of trees with medium damage. 3. 31-50% of trees heavily damaged or 84-100% of trees with medium damage. 4. 51-81% of trees heavily damaged. 5. > 81% of trees heavily damaged. 6. > 70% of trees "depreciated or destroyed". * slight damage = 5-25% defoliation * medium damage = 25-50% defoliation * heavy damage = > 50% defoliation Light damage consist of damage class 1 and 2, moderate damage of class 3 and heavy damage of class 4. 5. and 6 as defined in the table above.
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Assuming a uniform age distribution and a harvest age of 100 years. Rotation periods and normal "cutting rates" do not occur in these areas with very severe forest damages. Almost all timber harvest performed in the area the last twenty years are "emergency cuttings" of damage stands. Normally the mountain areas have lower productivity and longer rotation periods than forest at lower elevations, but this is not applicable here. A rotation period of 100 years is an approximation of an average value for the area during a normal forestry practice.
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note
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We thank Dr. Mikael Stern, formerly at Eurimage, Italy, for providing satellite data. We very much appreciate the editorial comments provided by Dr. Jim Vogelmann. Our study was funded by the Swedish National Space Board (Dnr. 84/94), the Crafoord Foundation and by NASA Grant NAGW 1245. Digital elevation data were provided by the Smithsonian Institution. Help was also kindly provided by Martin Síma, Vratislav Balcar and Lubomír Kubelka. The reviewer's criticism is appreciated.
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note
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First submitted 14 November 1995. Accepted for publication after revision 9 September 1996.
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