Fisheries management in post-communist Poland: Prospects of user-participation

Ocean and Coastal Management

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 73-89

  Marciniak, Boguslaw ^a   Jentoft, Svein ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GDA SK   (Poland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TROMSØ   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FISHERY MANAGEMENT; FISHERY REGULATIONS; FISHING INDUSTRY; INDUSTRIAL REGULATION; POST-COMMUNISM; REGULATORY FRAMEWORK; USER-PARTICIPATION;

POLAND;

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTS; LAWS AND LEGISLATION;

FISHERIES MANAGEMENT;

FISHERIES;

EID: 0030615945     PISSN: 09645691     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0964-5691(96)00074-9     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. 1. This paper is a revised version of a paper presented at the Fifth Common Property Conference: Reinventing the Commons, 24-28 May 1995, Bodø, Norway. We are grateful to Anthony Davis and two anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier draft.
2. 2. Davidsen, Trond T. 'Sevryba' - Fiskerigigant i Nord: Endringer i den sovjet russiske fiskerinæringen, (1992). Tromsø: NORUT Samfunnsforskning, SF 035-4127; Globefish, The Fishery Industry in Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and the Former Czechoslovakia (1993). Rome/FAO: Globefish Research Programme, Vol. 25; Riggs, Peter, Fisheries and Coastal Management in the Republic of Estonia. Coastal Management, 22 (1994) 25-48.
3. 2. Davidsen, Trond T. 'Sevryba' - Fiskerigigant i Nord: Endringer i den sovjet russiske fiskerinæringen, (1992). Tromsø: NORUT Samfunnsforskning, SF 035-4127; Globefish, The Fishery Industry in Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and the Former Czechoslovakia (1993). Rome/FAO: Globefish Research Programme, Vol. 25; Riggs, Peter, Fisheries and Coastal Management in the Republic of Estonia. Coastal Management, 22 (1994) 25-48.
4. 2. Davidsen, Trond T. 'Sevryba' - Fiskerigigant i Nord: Endringer i den sovjet russiske fiskerinæringen, (1992). Tromsø: NORUT Samfunnsforskning, SF 035-4127; Globefish, The Fishery Industry in Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and the Former Czechoslovakia (1993). Rome/FAO: Globefish Research Programme, Vol. 25; Riggs, Peter, Fisheries and Coastal Management in the Republic of Estonia. Coastal Management, 22 (1994) 25-48.
5. 3. This is the Szkuner Fishery and Fishing Service Enterprise located in Wladyslawowo. Statistics presented here are drawn from official sources such as Studia i materialy, Seria E. numer 50. Gospodarka Rybna w Latach 1991-1992, published by the Sea Fisheries Institute (MIR) in Gdynia.
6. 4. According to estimations of the leader of the Private Sea Fisher's Association.
7. 5. Jentoft, S. & Boguslaw, M., Burning bridges: Polish fisheries co-operatives in times of transition. Maritime Anthropological Studies, 4(2) (1991) 62-86; Jentoft, S., Fisheries co-management: delegating government responsibility to fishermen's organizations. Marine Policy, April (1989) 137-154; Pinkerton, E., Co-operative Management of Local Fisheries: New Directions for Improved management and Community Development. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, (1989).
8. 5. Jentoft, S. & Boguslaw, M., Burning bridges: Polish fisheries co-operatives in times of transition. Maritime Anthropological Studies, 4(2) (1991) 62-86; Jentoft, S., Fisheries co-management: delegating government responsibility to fishermen's organizations. Marine Policy, April (1989) 137-154; Pinkerton, E., Co-operative Management of Local Fisheries: New Directions for Improved management and Community Development. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, (1989).
9. 5. Jentoft, S. & Boguslaw, M., Burning bridges: Polish fisheries co-operatives in times of transition. Maritime Anthropological Studies, 4(2) (1991) 62-86; Jentoft, S., Fisheries co-management: delegating government responsibility to fishermen's organizations. Marine Policy, April (1989) 137-154; Pinkerton, E., Co-operative Management of Local Fisheries: New Directions for Improved management and Community Development. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, (1989).
10. 6. Alegret, Juan-Luis, Co-gestiòn de Recursos y Gestiòn de Conflictos: the Case of the Cofradias de Pescadores of Cataluna. Paper presented at the 5th Annual Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property Resources, Bodò, 24-28 May (1995); Frangoudes, Katia, Changing Fisheries Management Institutions in the French Mediterranean. Paper presented at the 5th Annual Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property Resources, Bodò, 24-28 May 1995.
11. 6. Alegret, Juan-Luis, Co-gestiòn de Recursos y Gestiòn de Conflictos: the Case of the Cofradias de Pescadores of Cataluna. Paper presented at the 5th Annual Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property Resources, Bodò, 24-28 May (1995); Frangoudes, Katia, Changing Fisheries Management Institutions in the French Mediterranean. Paper presented at the 5th Annual Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property Resources, Bodò, 24-28 May 1995.
12. 7. Today the Cashubian region stretches from the Baltic Sea north west of Gdansk, about 80 km south. In previous centuries Cashubia covered a much larger area. It became part of Poland after World War I. Cashubian is a separate language and the population comprises around 300 000. During communism the language was banned in schools, and today it is mostly spoken among elderly people. Efforts by Cashubians to promote their culture were met with suspicion by government. After 1989, the attitude changed and there is a growing awareness of the value of sustaining this heritage. Now, Cashubian language and culture are taught in schools, it is addressed in media, and Cashubian literature is published. A source of information is the 'Multicultural Baltic Region' - Part 2, The Baltic University, 1994. The Hel peninsula, where we gathered most of the data, used to be settled only by Cashubians. Today the population is mixed, sometimes creating tensions in local politics.
13. 8. Gwiazda, A., The Polish deep sea fishing industry: has it a future?. The Coastal Times, No. 2, February 1994
14. 9. The Convention on Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources in the Baltic Sea and the Belts, was signed in Gdansk in 1973.
15. 10. Wòjcik, I., Resource management in Poland: control and inspection measures in the Baltic Fishery. In Resource Management and Control in the Baltic Sea, ed. P. Nielsen, Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers. Tema Nord: 592, (1994) pp. 81-98.
16. 11. Ibid., p. 97.
17. 12. Now members must pay their fee out of their own pocket, while before 1989, when private sales of fish outside the official channels (state plants and co-ops), the fee was automatically deducted from the value of the catch when landed.
18. 13. Basically, the deep sea fleet has only one fishing ground left, the Okhotsk sea.
19. 14. In this section we draw heavily on: Batorowicz, Z., Cashubian fishing co-operatives: a geographic ethnographic study. Gdansk Maritime Museum's Proceedings, 4 (1971) 173-83. He describes the Maszoperias as fishing co-operatives, but they were established long before the Rochdale pioneers invented the term. The system was also explained in detail to us by several people, among them Miroslaw Kuklik, the director at the Fisheries Museum at Hel and Benjamin Struk, a fisherman from the village Chalupy who used to be a member of a maszoperia in his younger days. We are grateful to both of them.
20. 15. Ruhle, S., Wilkur der Stadt und Landes Hela. In Die Stadt Hela im Mittelalter. Zeitschrift des West-Pressuschen Gewchichtsvereins. H. 69 (1929).
21. 16. Jagow, J., Dire Heringsfischerei and der deutschen Ostseekusten in Mittelalter. Dresden (no publisher) 1915.
22. 17. According to Batorowicz (op. cit.) similar organizations existed along the whole southern Baltic, for instance on the coasts of Latvia, Estonia and Finland. However, they were not as closely connected with a specific sea territory as in the Cashubian region, to which the Hel peninsula belongs.
23. 18. Batorowicz (op. cit., p. 179) mentions that in one community, Karwia, boats had been common property for many years.
24. 19. Batorowicz (op. cit.)
25. 20. Ibid., p. 181.
26. 21. Ibid., p. 177.
27. 22. Ibid.
28. 23. Ibid., p. 180.
29. 24. This speech of Jacek Schomburg (our translation) is printed in the proceedings from Sejmik Rybacki (Fishermen Parliament) Wladyslawowo, Baltic Fisheries as an Element of People's Existence in the Cashubian Region. Institute of Fisheries (Morski Instytyt Rybacki), Gdynia, 6-7 May, 1993.
30. 25. Boguslaw, M. & Jentoft, S., A capitalist fisheries co-operative: a Bulgarian innovation. Maritime Anthropological Studies, 5(1) (1992) 53-66.
31. 26. Jentoft and Marciniak, op. cit.
32. 27. Ginter, J. J. C., The Alaska community development quota fisheries management program. Ocean & Coastal Management, 28(1-3) (1996) 147-163; Tryon, L. E., An overview of the CDQ fishery program for Western Alaska native communities. Coastal Management, 21 (1993) 315-325.
33. 27. Ginter, J. J. C., The Alaska community development quota fisheries management program. Ocean & Coastal Management, 28(1-3) (1996) 147-163; Tryon, L. E., An overview of the CDQ fishery program for Western Alaska native communities. Coastal Management, 21 (1993) 315-325.