The artesian thermal groundwaters of northern Jordan: Insights into their recharge history and age

Journal of Hydrology

Volumn 192, Issue 1-4, 1997, Pages 355-382

  Bajjali, William ^a,b   Clark, Ian D ^a   Fritz, Peter ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

^b Ministry of Water and Irrigation   (Jordan)

^c HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH UFZ   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; GROUNDWATER; GROUNDWATER RESOURCES; ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; RECHARGE; THERMAL WATER; WATER RESOURCES;

JORDAN, YARMOUK VALLEY, MUKHEBEH;

AQUIFERS; ARID REGIONS; RECHARGING (UNDERGROUND WATERS); THERMAL GRADIENTS;

ARTESIAN THERMAL GROUNDWATERS;

GROUNDWATER RESOURCES;

EID: 0030615823     PISSN: 00221694     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03082-X     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Abed, A. and Amierh, B., 1983. Petrography and geochemistry of some Jordanian oil shales from north Jordan. J. Pet. Geol., 5(3): 261-274.
2. Abu Ajamieh, M.M., 1980. The geothermal resources of Zerqa Ma'in and Zara. Unpublished report, Nat. Res. Auth. Jordan.
3. Arad, A. and Bein, A., 1986. Saline versus freshwater contribution to the thermal waters of the northern Jordan Rift Valley, Israel. J. Hydrol., 83: 49-66.
4. Aravena, R., 1993. Carbon isotope geochemistry of a confined methanogenic groundwater system: The Alliston aquifer complex. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Waterloo, Ont., Canada.
5. Bajjali, W., 1994. Recharge and regional circulation of thermal groundwater in northern Jordan using isotope geochemistry. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Ottawa, Canada.
6. Bein, A. and Feinstein, Sh., 1988. Late Cenozoic thermal gradients in Dead Sea transform system basins. J. Pet. Geol., 11: 185-192.
7. Bender, F., 1974. Geology of Jordan. Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin, Stuttgart, 196 pp.
8. Charalambous, A.N., 1991. Water Resources Policies Planning and Management - Jordan Brackish Groundwater Resources. UNDP, USA.
9. Clark, I.D., Khoury, H.N., Salameh, E., Fritz, P., Seidlitz, H.K. and Milodowski, T.E., 1992. Origin of the Maqaren, Jordan hyperalkaline groundwaters: Isotopic and geochemical evidence for in situ combustion, calcination and recarbonation of bituminous marls. In: Y.K. Kharaka and A. Maest (Editors), Proc. of the 7th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction-WRI-7, 13-18 July 1992, Park City, UT. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 1485-1489.
10. 14C ages in sulphate reducing groundwaters: two case studies from arid regions. In: Proc. Int. Atomic Energy Agency Symp. 336, Isotopes in Water Resources Management, 20-24 March 1995, Vienna.
11. Claypool, G.E., Holser, W. T., Kaplan, I.R., Sakai, H. and Zak, I., 1980. The age curve of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation. Chem. Geol., 28: 199-260.
12. Craig, H., 1961. Isotopic variations in meteoric waters. Science, 133: 1702-1703.
13. Department of Water Resources Development, 1987. Springs flow. Technical Paper No. 53, Water Authority of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
14. Exley, R.A., Mattey, D.P., Clauge, D.A. and Pillinger, C.T., 1986. Carbon isotope systematic of mantle "hot spot": a comparison of Loihi seamount and MORB gases. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 78: 189-199.
15. Fournier, R.O., 1981. Application of water chemistry to geothermal exploration and reservoir engineering. In: L. Ryback and L.J.P. Muffler (Editors), Geothermal Systems: Principles and Case Histories. Wiley, pp. 109-143.
16. Fournier, R.O. and Rowe, J.J., 1966. Estimation of underground temperatures from the silica content of water from hot springs and wet-steam wells. Am. J. Sci., 264: 685-687.
17. Fritz, P., Basharmal, G.M., Drimmie, R.J., Ibsen, J. and Qureshi, R.M., 1989. Oxygen isotope exchange between sulphate and water during bacterial reduction of sulphate. Chem. Geol. (Isotope Geoscience Section), 79: 99-105.
18. Garfunkel, Z., 1981. Internal structure of the Dead Sea leaky transform (rift) in relation to plate kinematics. In: R. Freund and Z. Garfunkel (Editors), The Dead Sea Rift. Tectonophysics, 80: 81-108.
19. Garfunkel, Z., Zak, I. and Freund, R., 1981. Active faulting in the Dead Sea Rift. In: R. Freund and Z. Garfunkel (Editors), The Dead Sea Rift. Tectonophysics, 80: 1-26.
20. Gat, J.R. and Carmi, L., 1970. Evolution of the isotopic composition of atmospheric waters in the Mediterranean Sea area. J. Geophys. Res., 75: 3039-3048.
21. Joudeh, O., 1983. Evaluation of the groundwater resources in the Deep Aquifer. Internal report, Water Authority of Jordon.
22. Kattan, Z., 1991. Environmental isotope study of the major karst springs in Damascus limestone aquifer system: case of the Figeh and Barada springs. IAEA workshop, Ankara.
23. Kharaka, Y., Gunter, W., Agarwal, P., Perkins, E. and DeBraal, J., 1989. SOLMINEQ88, a computer program for geochemical modelling of water-rock interactions. USGS report 88-4227, 420 pp.
24. Lloyd, J.W., 1980. Aspects of environmental isotope chemistry in groundwaters in eastern Jordan. In: Arid Zone Hydrology: Investigations with Isotope Techniques. Proceedings AG-158, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna.
25. Mazor, E., Kaufman, A. and Carmi, I., 1973. Hammet Gader (Israel): Geochemistry of a mixed thermal spring complex. J. Hydrol., 18: 289-303.
26. McKenzie, W.F. and Truesdell, A.H., 1976. Geothermal reservoir temperatures estimated from the oxygen isotope composition of dissolved sulphate and water from hotsprings and shallow drillholes. Geothermics, 5: 51-61.
27. Milodowski, A.E., Khoury, H.N., Pearce, E.K., Hyslop, E.K. and Clark, I.D., 1994. Description of the mineralogy, petrography and geochemistry of the Maqaren source-term rocks and their secondary alteration products. Technical Report 91-10, A natural analogue of the Maqaren hyperalkaline groundwaters. I. Source term description and thermodynamic database testing. Nagra, Wittengen, Switzerland.
28. Muati, M., 1970. Geology of Syria and Lebanon. Damascus, Syria (in arabic).
29. NJWRIS, 1989. Yarmouk Basin, water resources study. Internal report, Northern Jordan Water Resources Inventory Survey, Water Authority of Jordan.
30. Nur, A., 1991. And the walls came tumbling down. New Sci., (July): 45-49.
31. Parker, D.H., 1969. Investigation of the sandstone aquifer of East Jordan - The hydrogeology of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic of the western highland and plateau of East Jordan. Tech. Rep. 2, United Nations AGL/SF/JOR9.
32. Pearson, F., Jr. and Hanshaw, B.B., 1970. Sources of dissolved carbonate species in groundwater and their effects on carbon-14 dating. In: Isotope Hydrology. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 271-285.
33. Plummer, L.N., Prestemon, E.C. and Parkhurst, D.L., 1991. An interactive code (NETPATH) for modeling net geochemical reactions along a flow path. US Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 91-4078.
34. Quennell, A.M., 1959. Tectonics of the Dead Sea Rift. In: Congr. Geol. Int. 20th Sess., Mexico, 1956. p. 385.
35. Qura'an, A., 1991. The gravitational studies of north western part of Jordan. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Jordan.
36. Starinsky, A., Katz, A. and Levitte, D., 1979. Temperature-composition-depth relationship in Rift Valley hot spring: Hammat Gader, northern Israel. Chem. Geol., 27: 233-244.
37. Wassenaar, L.I., Aravena, R. and Fritz, P., 1991. Radiocarbon content of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon in shallow groundwater systems: Implications for groundwater dating. In: Isotope Techniques in Water Resources Development. IAEA, Vienna.
38. Whelan, J.K. and Thompson-Rizer, C.L., 1993. Chemical methods for assessing kerogen and protokerogen types and maturity. In: M.H. Engel and S.A. Macko (Editors), Organic Geochemistry, Principles and Applications. Plenum Press, New York and London, pp. 289-353.