The variability of evaporation during the HAPEX-Sahel intensive observation period

Journal of Hydrology

Volumn 188-189, Issue 1-4, 1997, Pages 385-399

  Gasha, J H C ^a   Kabat, P ^b   Monteny, B A ^c   Amadou, M ^d   Bessemoulin, P ^e   Billing, H ^f   Blyth, E M ^a   DeBruin, H A R ^b   Elbers, J A ^b   Friborg, T ^g   Harrison, G ^h   Holwill, C J ^a   Lloyd, C R ^a   Lhomme, J P ^c   Moncrieff, J B ⁱ   Puech, D ^e   Soegaard, H ^g   Taupin, J D ^j   Tuzet, A ^k   Verhoef, A ^b  

^a CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^b WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^c INSTITUT DE RECHERCHE POUR LE DÉVELOPPEMENT   (France)

^d Institut National de Recherches Agronomiques du Niger   (Niger)

^e CENTRE NATIONAL DE RECHERCHES MÉTÉOROLOGIQUES   (France)

^f FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^g UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^h UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^j Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement Niamey   (Nigeria)

^k CEMAGREF   (France)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EVAPORATION; FALLOW; HAPEX-SAHEL; MILLET; SAVANNA; SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX; TIGER-BUSH WOODLAND; VARIATION;

AFRICA, SAHEL;

EVAPORATION; HEAT FLUX; RAIN; SOILS;

HYDROLOGICAL AND ATMOSPHERIC PILOT EXPERIMENT (HAPEX) SAHEL;

HYDROLOGY;

EID: 0030615667     PISSN: 00221694     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03167-8     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Allen, S.J., Wallace, J.S., Gash, J.H.C. and Sivakumar, M.V.K., 1994. Measurements of albedo variation over natural vegetation in the Sahel. Int. J. Climatol., 14: 625-636.
2. Blyth, E.M., 1997. Representing heterogeneity at the Southern Supersite with average surface parameters. J. Hydrol., this issue.
3. Dolman, A.J., Culf, A.D. and Bessemoulin, P., 1997. Observations of boundary layer development during the HAPEX-Sahel Intensive Observation Period. J. Hydrol., this issue.
4. Gash, J.H.C., Wallace, J.S., Lloyd, C.R., Dolman, A.J., Sivakumar, M.V.K. and Renard, C., 1991. Measurements of evaporation from fallow Sahelian savannah at the start of the dry season. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 117: 749-760.
5. Goutorbe, J.P., Lebel, T., Tinga, A., Bessemoulin, P., Brouwer, J., Dolman, A.J., Engman, E.T., Gash, J.H.C., Hoeppfner, M., Kabat, P., Kerr, Y., Monteny, B., Prince, S., Saïd, F., Sellers, P. and Wallace, J.S., 1994. HAPEX-Sahel: a large scale study of land-atmosphere interactions in the semi-arid tropics. Ann. Geophys., 12: 53-64.
6. Goutorbe, J.P., Lebel, T., Dolman, A.J., Gash, J.H.C., Kabat, P., Kerr, Y.H., Monteny, B., Prince, S.D., Stricker, J.N.M., Tinga, A. and Wallace, J.S., 1997. An overview of HAPEX-Sahel: a study in climate and desertification. J. Hydrol., this issue.
7. Kabat, P. and Goutorbe, J.P., 1995. HAPEX II-Sahel/Phase I. Final report on EC Contract EPOCH CT90-0024C. DG XII, EPOCH/ENVIRONMENT, Brussels.
8. Kabat, P., Prince, S.D. and Prihodko, L., (Editors), 1996. HAPEX-Sahel West Central Supersite: Methods, Measurements and Selected Results. Report 130, DLO Winand Staring Centre, Wageningen.
9. Kabat, P., Dolman, A.J. and Elbers, J.A., 1997. Evaporation, sensible heat flux and surface conductance of fallow savannah and patterned woodland in the Sahel. J. Hydrol., this issue.
10. Lebel, T., Taupin, J.D. and D'Amato, N., 1997. Rainfall monitoring during HAPEX-Sahel: 1. General rainfall conditions and climatology. J. Hydrol., this issue.
11. Lloyd, C.R., 1995. The effect of heterogeneous terrain on micrometeorological flux measurements: a case study from HAPEX-Sahel. Agric. For. Meteorol., 73: 209-216.
12. Lloyd, C.R., Bessemoulin, P., Cropley, F., Culf. A.D., Dolman, A.J., Elbers, J.A., Heusinkveld, B., Moncrieff, J.B., Monteny, B. and Verhoef, A., 1997. An intercomparison of surface flux measurements during HAPEX-Sahel. J. Hydrol., this issue.
13. Monteny, B.A., 1986. Forêt équatoriale, relais de l'océan comme source de vapeur d'eau pour l'atmosphère. Vielle Clim. Satellitaire, 12: 39-51.
14. Monteny, B.A., 1993. HAPEX-Sahel 1992, Super-site central-est, campagne de mesure. Rapport ORSTOM, Montpellier, 230 pp.
15. Monteny, B.A. and Casenave, A., 1989. The forest contribution to the hydrological budget in tropical West Africa. Ann. Geophys., 7: 427-436.
16. 2 cycle during the HAPEX-Sahel experiment. J. Hydrol., this issue.
17. Savenije, H.H.G., 1995. New definitions for moisture recycling and the relationship with land-use changes in the Sahel. J. Hydrol., 167: 57-78.
18. Shuttleworth, W.J., Gash, J.H.C., Lloyd, C.R., McNeil, D.D., Moore, C.J. and Wallace, J.S., 1988. An integrated micrometeorological system for evaporation measurement. Agric. For. Meteorol., 43: 295-317.
19. Sivakumar, M.V.K., 1990. Exploiting rainy season potential from the onset of rains in the Sahelian zone of West Africa. Agric. For. Meteorol., 51: 321-332.
20. Sivakumar, M.V.K., 1992. Climate change and implications for agriculture in Niger. Agric. For. Meteorol., 20: 297-312.
21. Soegaard, H. and Boegh, E., 1995. Estimation of evapotranspiration from a millet crop in the Sahel combining sap flow, leaf area index and eddy correlation technique. J. Hydrol., 166: 265-282.
22. Taylor, C.M., Harding, R.J., Thorpe, A., et al., 1997. A mesoscale simulation of land surface heterogeneity from HAPEX-Sahel. J. Hydrol., this issue.
23. Tuzet, A., Castell, A., Perrier, A. and Zurfluh, O., 1997. Transfer characteristics in a sparse canopy: the fallow savanna. J. Hydrol., this issue.
24. Wai, M.M.-K., Smith, E.A., Bessemoulin, P., Culf, A.D., Dolman, A.J. and Lebel, T., 1997. Variability in boundary layer structure during HAPEX-Sahel wet-dry season transition. J. Hydrol., this issue.
25. Wallace, J.S. and Holwill, C.J., 1997. Soil evaporation from tiger-bush. J. Hydrol., this issue.
26. Wallace, J.S., Brouwer, J., Allen, S.J., Banthorpe, D., Blyth, E.M., Blyth, K., Bromley, J., Buerkert, A.C., Cantwell, M., Cooper, J.D., Cropley, F.D., Culf, A.D., Dolman, A.J., Dugdale, G., Gash, J.H.C., Gaze, S.R., Harding, R.J., Harrison, R.G., Holwill, C.J., Jarvis, P.G., Levy, P.E., Lloyd, C.R., Malhi, Y.S., Massheder, J.M., Moncrieff, J.B., Pearson, D., Settle, J.J., Sewell, I.J., Sivakumar, M.V.K., Sudlow, J.D., Taylor, C.M. and Wilson, A.K., 1994. HAPEX-Sahel Southern Super-Site report: an overview of the site and the experimental programme during the intensive observation period in 1992. Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK, 55 pp.