On the evolutionary origins of the cacti

Taxon

Volumn 46, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 217-232

  Hershkovitz, Mark A ^a,b   Zimmer, Elizabeth A ^b  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

^b SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CACTACEAE; MAGNOLIOPHYTA; PORTULACACEAE; TALINUM;

DESERT; EVOLUTION; PHYLOGENY;

EID: 0030614097     PISSN: 00400262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1224092     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Albert, V. A., Backlund, A., Bremer, K., Chase, M. W., Manhart, J. R., Mishler, B. D. & Nixon, K. C. 1994. Functional constraints and rbcL evidence for land plant phylogeny. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 534-567.
2. Axelrod, D.I. 1979. Age and origin of Sonoran Desert vegetation. San Francisco.
3. _ & Raven, P. H. 1978. Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary vegetation history of Africa. Pp. 77-130 in: Werger, M. J. A (ed.), Biogeography and ecology of Southern Africa. The Hague.
4. _ & _ 1985. Origins of the cordilleran flora. J. Biogeogr. 12:21-47.
5. Baldwin, B. G. 1992. Phylogenetic utility of the internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA in plants: an example from the Compositae. Molec. Phylogenet Evol. 1:3-16.
6. _ , Sanderson, M. J., Porter, J. M., Wojciechowski, M. F., Campbell, C. S. & Donoghue, M. J. 1995. The ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA: a valuable source of evidence on angiosperm phylogeny. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 82: 247-277.
7. Barthlott, W. & Hunt, D. R. 1993. Cactaceae. Pp. 161-197 in: Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. & Bittrich, V. (ed.), The families and genera of vascular plants, 2. Berlin.
8. Bittrich, V. 1993. Introduction to Centrospermae. Pp. 13-19 in: Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. & Bittrich, V. (ed.), The families and genera of vascular plants, 2. Berlin.
9. Carolin, R. C. 1987. A review of the family Portulacaceae. Austral. J. Bot. 35: 383-412.
10. _ 1993. Portulacaceae. Pp. 544-545 in: Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G. & Bittrich, V. (ed.), Families and genera of flowering plants, 2. Berlin.
11. Clement, J. S. & Mabry, T. J. 1996. Pigment evolution in the Caryophyllales: a systematic overview. Bot. Acta 109: 360-367.
12. Crane, P. R, Friis, E. M., & Pedersen, K. R. 1995. The origin and early diversification of angiosperms. Nature 374: 27-33.
13. Cronquist, A. 1968. The evolution and classification of flowering plants. Boston.
14. _ 1981. An integrated system of classification of flowering plants. New York.
15. _ & Thorne, R. F. 1994. Nomenclatural and taxonomic history. Pp. 1-26 in: Behnke, H.-D & Mabry, T. J. (ed.), Caryophyllales, evolution and systematics. Berlin.
16. Downie, S. R. & Palmer, J. D. 1994. A chloroplast DNA phylogeny of Caryophyllales based on structural and inverted repeat restriction site variation. Syst. Bot. 19: 236-252.
17. Geesink, R. 1969. An account of the genus Portulaca in Indo-Australia and the Pacfic. Blumea 17: 275-301.
18. _ 1987. Theory of classification of organisms. Pp. 91-126 in: Vogel, E. F. de (ed.), Manual of herbarium taxonomy. Jakarta.
19. Gerbaulet, M. 1992. Die Gattung Anacampseros L. (Portulacaceae), I. Untersuchungen zur Systematik. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 113: 477-564.
20. Gibson, A. C. 1994. Vascular tissues. Pp. 45-74 in: Behnke, H.-D & Mabry, T. J. (ed.), Caryophyllales, evolution and systematics. Berlin.
21. _ & Nobel, P. S. 1986. The cactus primer. Cambridge, MA.
22. Gibson, T. J, Thompson, J. D., & Higgins, D. G. 1994. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position specific gap penalties, and weight matrix choice. Nucl. Acids Res. 22: 4673-4680.
23. Hershkovitz, M. A. 1989. Phylogenetic studies in Centrospermae: a brief appraisal. Taxon 38: 602-608.
24. _ 1991. More Centrospermae. I: The portulacaceous alliance. II: The phytolaccaceous alliance and the chen-ams. III: The caryophyllaceous alliance, Aizoaceae, odd taxa, and summary. Amer. J. Bot. 68 (6, 2): 191-192 .
25. _ 1993. Revised circumscriptions and subgeneric taxonomies of Calandrinia and Montiopsis (Portulacaceae) with notes on phylogeny of the portulacaceous alliance. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard 80: 333-365.
26. _ & Lewis, L. A. 1996. Deep-level diagnostic value of the rDNA-ITS region. Mol. Biol. Evol. 13: 1276-1295.
27. _ & Zimmer, E. A. 1996. Conservation patterns in angiosperm ITS2 sequences. Nucl. Acids Res. 24: 2857-2867.
28. Leins, P. & Erbar, C. 1994. Putative origin and relationships of the order from the viewpoint of developmental flower morphology. Pp. 303-316 in: Behnke, H.-D & Mabry, T. J. (ed.), Caryophyllales, evolution and systematics. Berlin.
29. Leuenberger, B. E. 1986. Pereskia (Cactaceae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 41: 1-141.
30. Lütolf, G. A. 1969. Beziehungen zwischen Portulacaceae und Cactaceae. PhD thesis, University of Zürich.
31. Manhart, J. R. & Rettig, J. H. 1994. Gene sequence data. Pp. 235-246 in: Behnke, H.-D & Mabry, T. J. (ed.), Caryophyllales, evolution and systematics. Berlin.
32. Mauseth, J. D. 1990. Continental drift, climate, and the evolution of cacti. Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 62: 301-308.
33. Milligan, B. G. 1992. Plant DNA isolation. Pp. 59-88 in: Hoelzel, A. R. (ed.), Molecular analysis of populations. Oxford.
34. Panchen, A. L. 1992. Classification and the nature of biology. Cambridge, U.K.
35. Queiroz, K. de & Gauthier, J. 1992. Phylogenetic taxonomy. Annual Rev. Ecol. Syst. 23: 449-480.
36. Rodman, J. E. 1990. Centrospermae revisited, part 1. Taxon 39: 383-393.
37. _ 1994. Cladistic and phenetic studies. Pp. 279-302 in: Behnke, H.-D & Mabry, T. J. (ed.), Caryophyllales, evolution and systematics. Berlin.
38. _ , Oliver, M. K., Nakamura, R. R., McClammer, J. U. & Bledsoe, A. H. 1984. A taxonomic analysis and revised classification of Centrospermae. Syst. Bot. 9: 297-323.
39. Rzedowski, J. 1993. Diversity and origins of the phanerogamic flora of Mexico. Pp. 129-146 in: Ramamoorthy, T. P., Bye, R., Lot, A. & Fa, J. (ed.), Biological diversity of Mexico, New York.
40. Shmida, A. 1985. Biogeography of the desert flora. Pp. 23-78 in: Evenari, M., Noy-Meir, I. & Gooddall, D. (ed.), Ecosystems of the world, 12A. Amsterdam.
41. Smith, S. 1994. GDE, version 2.2. Urbana, IL.
42. Stevens, P. F. 1986. Evolutionary classification in botany, 1960-1985 [sic]. J. Arnold Arbor 67: 313-339.
43. Suh, Y., Thien, L. B., Reeve, H. & Zimmer, E. A. 1993. Molecular evolution and phylogenetic implications of internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA in Winteraceae. Amer. J. Bot. 80: 1042-1055.
44. Swofford, D. L. 1997. PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (and other methods). Sunderland, MA. In press.
45. _ , Olsen, G. J., Waddell, P. J. & Hillis, D. M. 1996. Phylogenetic inference. Pp. 407-514 in: Hillis, D. M. & Moritz, C. (ed.), Molecular Systematics. Sunderland, MA.
46. Takhtajan, A. 1980. Outline of the classification of flowering plants (Magnoliophyta). Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 46: 225-359.
47. Thorne, R. F. 1992. An updated phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants. Aliso 13: 365-390.
48. Turner, B. L. 1994. Chromosome numbers and their phyletic interpretations. Pp. 27-44 in: Behnke, H.-D & Mabry, T. J. (ed.), Caryophyllales, evolution andsystematics. Berlin.
49. Wallace, R. S. 1995. Molecular systematic study of the Cactaceae: using chloroplast DNA variation to elucidate cactus phylogeny. Bradleya 13: 1-12.