Nutrient availability, plant abundance, and species diversity in two alpine tundra communities

Ecology

Volumn 78, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 1861-1872

  Theodose, Theresa A ^a,b   Bowman, William D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MAINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Abundance; Alpine tundra; Community composition; Diversity; Functional groups; Mycorrhizae; Nitrogen; Nutrient additions; Phosphorus

Indexed keywords

CYPERACEAE; MYCORRHIZAE; POACEAE;

ABUNDANCE; ALPINE TUNDRA; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; PLANT COMMUNITY; SPECIES DIVERSITY;

EID: 0030613594     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1861:NAPAAS]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Aber, J. D., K. J. Nadelhoffer, P. A. Steudler, and J. M. Melillo. 1989. Nitrogen saturation in northern forest ecosystems. BioScience 39:378-386.
2. Aerts, R. 1989. Nitrogen use efficiency in relation to nitrogen availability and plant community composition. Pages 285-297 in H. Lambers, editor. Causes and consequences of variation in growth rate and productivity of higher plants. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, The Netherlands.
3. Aerts, R., and F. Berendse. 1988. The effect of increased nutrient availability on vegetation dynamics in heathlands. Vegetatio 63:63-69.
4. Allen, M. E. 1991. The ecology of mycorrhizae, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
5. Barbour, M. G., J. H. Burk, and W.D. Pitts. 1987. Terrestrial plant ecology. Benjamin Cummings Publishing, Menlo Park, California, USA.
6. Bell, K. L., and L. C. Bliss. 1979. Autecology of Kobresia bellardii: why winter snow accumulation limits local distribution. Ecological Monographs 49:377-402.
7. Berendse, E. and W. T. Elberse. 1990. Competition, succession, and nutrient availability. Pages 93 116 in J. Grace and D. Tilman, editors. Perspectives in plant competition. Academic Press, New York, New York, USA.
8. Bowen, G. D. 1987. The biology and physiology of infection and its development. Pages 27 57 in G. R. Safir, editor, Ecophysiology of VA mycorrhizal plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
9. Bowman, W. D. 1992. Inputs and storage of nitrogen in winter snowpack in an alpine ecosystem. Arctic and Alpine Research 24:211-215.
10. Bowman, W. D., and R. T. Conant. 1994. Shoot growth dynamics and photosynthetic response to increased nitrogen availability in the alpine willow Salis glauca. Occologia 97:93-99.
11. Bowman W. D., T. A. Theodose, J. C. Schardt, and R. T. Conant. 1993. Constraints of nutrient availability on primary production in two alpine communities. Ecology 74: 2085-2097.
12. Carson, W. P., and G. W. Barrett. 1988. Succession in old-field plant communities: effects of contrasting types of nutrient enrichment. Ecology 69:984-994.
13. Chapin, F. S., III. 1980. The mineral nutrition of wild plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 11:233-260.
14. _. 1981. Field measurements of growth and phosphate absorption in Carex aquatilis along a latitudinal gradient. Arctic and Alpine Research 13:83-94.
15. Chapin, F. S., III, and G. R. Shaver. 1985. Individualistic growth response of tundra plant species to environmental manipulations in the field. Ecology 66:564-576.
16. Clarkson, D. T. 1985. Factors affecting mineral nutrient acquisition by plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 36: 77-115.
17. Fisk, M. C., and S. K. Schmidt. 1995. Nitrogen mineralization and microbial biomass nitrogen dynamics in three alpine tundra communities. Soil Science Society of America Journal 59:1036-1043.
18. Fox, J. F. 1992. Responses of diversity and growth form dominance to fertility in Alaskan tundra fellfield communities. Arctic and Alpine Research 24:233-237.
19. Frank, D. A., and S. J. McNaughton. 1990. Aboveground biomass estimation with the canopy intercept method: a plant growth form caveat. Oikos 57:57-60.
20. Goldberg, D. E., and T. E. Miller. 1990. Effects of different resource additions on species diversity in an annual plant community. Ecology 71:213-225.
21. Grime, J. P. 1977. Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. American Naturalist 111:1169-1195.
22. _. 1979. Plant strategies and vegetation processes. Wiley, Chichester, UK.
23. Haselwandter, K., and D. J. Read. 1980. Fungal associations of roots of dominant and subdominanl plants in high-alpine vegetation systems with special reference to mycorrhizae. Oecologia 45:57-62.
24. Huenneke, L. S., S. P. Hamburg, R. Koide, H. A. Mooney, and P. Vitousek. 1990. Effects of soil resources on plant invasion and community structure in Californian serpentine grassland. Ecology 71:478-491.
25. Inouye, R. S., N. J. Huntley, D. Tilman, and J. R. Tester. 1987. Pocket gophers (Geomys bururius), vegetation, and soil nitrogen along a successional sere in east-central Minnesota. Oecologia 72:178-184.
26. Jonasson, S. 1992. Plant responses to fertilization and species removal in tundra related to community structure and clonality. Oikos 63:420-429.
27. Jonasson, S., J. P. Bryant, F. S. Chapin, III, and M. Anderson. 1986. Plant phenols and nutrients in relation to variations in climate and rodent grazing. American Naturalist 128: 394-408.
28. Körner, Ch. 1989. The nutritional status of plants from high altitudes. Oecologia 81:379-391.
29. _. 1991. Some often overlooked plant characteristics as determinants of plant growth: a reconsideration. Functional Ecology 5:162-173.
30. Lesica, P., and R. K. Antibus. 1985. Mycorrhizae of alpine fellfield communities on soils derived from crystalline and calcareous parent materials. Canadian Journal of Botany 64:1691-1697.
31. Lewis, W. M., Jr., and M. C. Grant. 1980. Evidence for acid precipitation in the western United States. Science 207: 176-177.
32. Magurran, A. E. 1988. Ecological diversity and its measurement. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
33. May, D. E., and P. J. Webber. 1982. Spatial and temporal variation of vegetation and its productivity on Niwot Ridge, Colorado. Pages 35-62 in J. Halfpenny, editor. Ecological studies in the Colorado alpine, a Festschrift for John W. Marr. Occasional Paper Number 37. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research. University of Colorado, Boulder. Colorado, USA.
34. Newman, E. I. 1973. Competition and diversity in herbaceous vegetation. Nature 244:310-311.
35. Osburn, W. S. 1958. Ecology of winter snow-free areas of the alpine tundra of Niwot Ridge, Boulder County, Colorado. Dissertation. University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
36. Pratt, C. R. 1984. Response of Solidago graminifolia and S. juncea to nitrogen fertilisation applications: changes in biomass allocation and implications for community structure. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 111:469-478.
37. Read, D. J., and K. Haselwandter. 1981. Observations on the mycorrhizal status of some alpine plant communities. New Phytologist 88:341-352.
38. Rusek, J. 1993. Air-pollution-mediated changes in alpine ecosystems and ecotones. Ecological Applications 3: 409-413.
39. SAS. 1985. SAS user's guide: statistics. SAS Institute. Cary. North Carolina, USA.
40. Schulze, E. D., O. L. Lang, and R. Oren. 1989. Forest decline and air pollution. Ecological Studies Volume 77. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
41. Shaver, G. R., and F. S. Chapin III. 1980. Response to fertilization by various plant growth forms in an Alaskan tundra: nutrient accumulation and growth. Ecology 61:662-675.
42. Shaver, G. R., and F. S. Chapin, III. 1986. Effect of fertilizer on production and biomass of tussock tundra, Alaska, USA. Arctic and Alpine Research 18:261-268.
43. Sievering, H., D. Burton, and N. Caine. 1992. Atmospheric loading to Rocky Mountain alpine tundra and subalpine coniferous forest. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 6:339-346.
44. SuperANOVA. 1989. Abacus Concepts, Berkeley, California, USA.
45. Tabachnick, B. G., and L. S. Fidell. 1989. Using multivariate statistics. Second edition. Harper Collins, New York, New York, USA.
46. Theodose, T. A. 1995. Interspecific plant competition in alpine tundra. Dissertation, University of Colorado. Boulder, Colorado, USA.
47. Theodosc, T. A., and W. D. Bowman. 1997. The influence of interspecific competition on the distribution of an alpine graminoid: evidence for the importance of plant competition in an extreme environment. Oikos, in press.
48. Tilman, D. 1982. Resource competition and community structure. Monographs in Population Biology, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
49. _. 1984. Plant dominance along an experimental nutrient gradient. Ecology 65:1445-1453.
50. _. 1987. Secondary succession and the pattern of plant dominance along experimental nitrogen gradients. Ecological Monographs 57:189-214.
51. Vermeer, J. G., and E Berendse. 1983. The relationship between nutrient availability, shoot biomass, and species richness in grassland and wetland communities. Vegetatio 53:121-126.
52. Walker, D., J. Halfpenny, M. Walker, and C. Wessman. 1993. Long-term studies of snow-vegetation interactions. BioScience 43:287-301.
53. Walker, M. D., P. J. Webber, E. H. Arnold, and D. E. May. 1994. Effects of interannual climate variation on above-ground phytomass in alpine vegetation. Ecology 75:393-408.
54. Webber, P. J., and V. Kamarkova. 1978. An alpine vegetation map of Niwot Ridge, Colorado. Arctic and Alpine Research 10:1-29.
55. Wilson, S. D., and D. Tilman. 1991. Interactive effects of fertilization and disturbance on community structure and resource availability in an old-field community Oecologia 88:61-71.