(R,S)-3,4-dichlorobenzoylalanine (FCE 28833A) causes a large and persistent increase in brain kynurenic acid levels in rats

European Journal of Pharmacology

Volumn 315, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 263-267

  Speciale, Carmela ^a   Wu, Hui Qiu ^b   Cini, Massimo ^a   Marconi, Marina ^a   Varasi, Mario ^a   Schwarcz, Robert ^b  

^a PFIZER INC   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Anticonvulsant; Kynurenine; Microdialysis; Neurodegenerative disorder; Neuroprotection

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ENZYME INHIBITOR; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID RECEPTOR; KYNURENIC ACID; KYNURENINE; KYNURENINE AMINOTRANSFERASE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BRAIN PROTECTION; BRAIN TISSUE; DRUG BRAIN LEVEL; HIPPOCAMPUS; INTRAPERITONEAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MALE; MICRODIALYSIS; NONHUMAN; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT;

ANIMALS; BRAIN; BUTYRATES; KYNURENIC ACID; MALE; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS; RATS; RATS, WISTAR;

EID: 0030597322     PISSN: 00142999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0014-2999(96)00613-9     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Buchli, R., D. Alberati-Giani, P. Malherbe, C. Köhler, C. Broger and A.M. Cesura, 1995, Cloning and functional expression of a soluble form of kynurenine/α-amino-adipate aminotransferase from rat kidney, J. Biol. Chem. 270, 29330.
2. Carpenedo, R., A. Chiarugi, P. Russi, G. Lombardi, V. Carlá, R. Pellicciari, L. Mattioli and F. Moroni, 1994, Inhibitors of kynurenine hydroxylase and kynureninase increase cerebral formation of kynurenate and have sedative and anticonvulsant activities, Neuroscience 61, 237.
3. Decker, R.H., R.R. Brown and J.M. Price, 1963, Studies on the biological activity of nicotinylalanine, an analogue of kynurenine, J. Biol. Chem. 238, 1049.
4. Foster, A.C., A. Vezzani, E.D. French and R. Schwarcz, 1984, Kynurenic acid blocks neurotoxicity and seizures induced in rats by the related brain metabolite quinolinic acid, Neurosci. Lett. 48, 273.
5. Fukui, S., R. Schwarcz, S.I. Rapoport, Y. Takada and Q.R. Smith, 1991, Blood-brain barrier transport of kynurenines: implications for brain synthesis and metabolism, J. Neurochem. 56, 2007.
6. Giordani, A., L. Corti, M. Cini, R. Bormetti, M. Marconi, O. Veneroni, C. Speciale and M. Varasi, Enantiospecific synthesis and in vitro activity of selective inhibitors of rat brain kynureninase and kynurenine 3-hydroxylase, in: Recent Advances in Tryptophan Research, eds. G. Allegri Filippini and C.V.L. Costa (Plenum Press, New York, NY) (in press).
7. 3H-kynurenine in the rat brain in vivo: evidence for the existence of a functional kynurenine pathway, J. Neurochem. 65, 2621.
8. Kessler, M., T. Terramani, G. Lynch and M. Baudry, 1989, A glycine site associated with N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors: characteristics and identification of a new class of antagonists, J. Neurochem. 52, 1319.
9. Molinari, A., M. Cini, M. Marconi, H.-Q. Wu, R. Schwarcz, A. Bonsignori, R.A. McArthur, M. Varasi and C. Speciale, 1995, In vivo effects of the selective kynurenine 3-hydroxylase inhibitor FCE 28833 in the rat, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 21, 436.3.
10. Mosca, M., L. Cozzi, J. Breton, C. Speciale, E. Okuno, R. Schwarcz and L. Benatti, 1994, Molecular cloning of rat kynurenine aminotransferase: identity with glutamine transminase K, FEBS Lett. 353, 21.
11. Nozaki, K. and M.F. Beal, 1992, Neuroprotective effects of L-kynurenine on hypoxia-ischemia and NMDA lesions in neonatal rats, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 12, 400.
12. Okuno, E., W. Schmidt, D.A. Parks, M. Nakamura and R. Schwarcz, 1991, Measurement of rat brain kynurenine aminotransferase at physiological kynurenine concentrations, J. Neurochem. 57, 533.
13. Pellicciari, R., B. Natalini, G. Costantino, M.R. Mahmoud, L. Mattioli, B.M. Sadeghpour, F. Moroni, A. Chiarugi and R. Carpenedo, 1994, Modulation of the kynurenine pathway in search for new neuroprotective agents. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of (m-nitrobenzoyl)alanine, a potent inhibitor of kynurenine 3-hydroxylase, J. Med. Chem. 37, 647.
14. Perkins, M.N. and T.W. Stone, 1982, An iontophoretic investigation of the action of convulsant kynurenines and their interaction with the endogenous excitant quinolinic acid, Brain Res. 247, 183.
15. Schwarcz, R., P. Guidetti and R.C. Roberts, 1996, Quinolinic acid and kynurenic acid: glia-derived modulators of excitotoxic brain injury, in: The Role of Glia in Neurotoxicity, eds. M. Aschner and H.K. Kimelberg (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL) p. 245.
16. Speciale, C., M. Cini, H.-Q. Wu, P. Salvati, R. Schwarcz, A. Molinari and M. Varasi, 1996, Kynurenic acid-enhancing and anti-ischemic effects of the potent kynurenine 3-hydroxylase inhibitor FCE 28833 in rodents, in: Recent Advances in Tryptophan Research, eds. G. Allegri Filippini and C.V.L. Costa (Plenum Press, New York, NY) (in press).
17. Speciale, C., H.-Q. Wu, J.P.B. Gramsbergen, W.A. Turski, U. Ungerstedt and R. Schwarcz, 1990, Determination of extracellular kynurenic acid in the striatum of unanesthetized rats: effects of aminooxyacetic acid, Neurosci. Lett. 116, 198.
18. Stone, T.W., 1993, Neuropharmacology of quinolinic and kynurenic acids, Pharmacol. Rev. 45, 309.
19. Swartz, K., J. During, M.J. Freese and M.F. Beal, 1990, Cerebral synthesis and release of kynurenic acid: an endogenous antagonist of excitatory amino acid receptors, J. Neurosci. 10, 2965.
20. Takikawa, O., R. Yoshida, R. Kido and O. Hayaishi, 1986, Tryptophan degradation in mice by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, J. Biol. Chem. 261, 3648.
21. Turski, W.A., J.B.P. Gramsbergen, H. Traitler and R. Schwarcz, 1989, Rat brain slices produce and liberate kynurenic acid upon exposure to L-kynurenine, J. Neurochem. 52, 1629.
22. Vécsei, L., J. Miller, U. MacGarvey and M.F. Beal, 1992, Kynurenine and probenecid inhibit pentylenetetrazole-and NMDLA-induced seizures and increase kynurenic acid concentrations in the brain, Brain Res. Bull. 38, 233.
23. Wu, H.-Q., H. Baran, U. Ungerstedt and R. Schwarcz, 1992, Kynurenic acid in the quinolinate-lesioned rat hippocampus: studies in vitro and in vivo, Eur. J. Neurosci. 4, 1264.