A transcription map of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I region

Genomics

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 70-85

  Gruen, J R ^a   Nalabolu, S R ^a   Chu, T W ^a   Bowlus, C ^a   Fan, W F ^c   Goei, V L ^a   Wei, H ^e   Sivakamasundari, R ^a   Liu, Y C ^a   Xu, H X ^a   Parimoo, S ^d   Nallur, G ^a   Ajioka, R ^b   Shukla, H ^f   Bray Ward, P ^a   Pan, J ^a   Weissman, S M ^a  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^d R W JOHNSON PHARMACEUTICAL RES I   (United States)

^e BIOGEN   (United States)

^f GLAXOSMITHKLINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HISTONE; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 1; ZINC FINGER PROTEIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CARBOXY TERMINAL SEQUENCE; CENTROMERE; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; GENE MAPPING; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNE SYSTEM; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MULTIGENE FAMILY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSEUDOGENE; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; SEQUENCE TAGGED SITE; TELOMERE; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0030586949     PISSN: 08887543     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0427     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. 1. Abderrahim, H., Sambucy, J. L., Iris, F., Ougen, P., Billault, A., Chumakov, I. M., Dausset, J., Cohen, D., and Le Paslier, D. (1994). Cloning the human major histocompatibility complex in YACs. Genomics 23: 520-527.
2. 2. Albig, W., Drabent, B., Kunz, J., Kalff-Suske, M., Grzeschik, K. H., and Doenecke, D. (1993). All known human H1 histone genes except the H1(0) gene are clustered on chromosome 6. Genomics 16: 649-654.
3. 3. Altschul, S. F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E. W., and Lipman, D. J. (1990). Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol. 215: 403-410.
4. 4. Amadou, C., Ribouchon, M. T., Mattei, M. G., Jenkins, N. A., Gilbert, D. J., Copeland, N. G., Avoustin, P., and Pontarotti, P. (1995). Localization of new genes and markers to the distal part of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region and comparison with the mouse - New insights into the evolution of mammalian genomes. Genomics 26: 9-20.
5. 5. Androlewicz, M. J., Ortmann, B., van Endert, P. M., Spies, T., and Cresswell, P. (1994). Characteristics of peptide and major histocompatibility complex class I/beta 2-microglobulin binding to the transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 12716-12720.
6. 6. Attar, R. M., and Gilman, M. Z. (1992). Expression cloning of a novel zinc finger protein that binds to the c-fos serum response element. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12: 2432-2443.
7. 7. Avoustin, P., Ribouchon, M. T., Vernet, C., N'Guyen, B., Crouau-Roy, B., and Pontarotti, P. (1994). Non-homologous recombination within the major histocompatibility complex creates a transcribed hybrid sequence. Mamm. Genome 5: 771-776.
8. 7a. Bray-Ward, P., Bowlus, C., Choi, J., Le Paslier, D., Weissenbach, J., and Gruen, J. R. (1996). FISH-mapped CEPH YACs spanning 0 to 46 cM on human chromosome 6. Genomics, in press.
9. 8. Campbell, R. D., and Trowsdale, J. (1993). Map of the human MHC. Immunol. Today 14: 349-352.
10. 9. Cardon, L. R., Smith, S. D., Fulker, D. W., Kimberling, W. J., Pennington, B. F., and DeFries, J. C. (1994). Quantitative trait locus for reading disability on chromosome 6. Science 266: 276-279.
11. 10. Chu, T., Capossela, A., Coleman, R., Goei, V. L., Nallur, G., and Gruen, J. R. (1995). Cloning of a new "finger" protein gene (ZNF173) within the class I region of the human MHC. Genomics 29: 229-239.
12. 11. Cook, W. J., Jeffrey, L. C., Carson, M., Chen, Z., and Pickart, C. M. (1992). Structure of a diubiquitin conjugate and a model for interaction with ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (E2). J. Biol. Chem. 267: 16467-16471.
13. 12. Das Gupta, R., Morrow, B., Marondel, I., Parimoo, S., Goei, V. L., Gruen, J., Weissman, S., Skoultchi, A., and Kucherlapati, R. (1993). An integrated approach for identifying and mapping human genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 4364-4368.
14. 13. Denizot, F., Mattei, M. G., Vernet, C., Pontarotti, P., and Chimini, G. (1992). YAC-assisted cloning of a putative G-protein mapping to the MHC class I region. Genomics 14: 857-862.
15. 14. Derry, J. M., Ochs, H. D., and Francke, U. (1994). Isolation of a novel gene mutated in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Cell 78: 635-644.
16. 15. Dowdy, S. F., Lai, K. M., Weissman, B. E., Matsui, Y., Hogan, B. L., and Stanbridge, E. J. (1991). The isolation and characterization of a novel cDNA demonstrating an altered mRNA level in nontumorigenic Wilms' microcell hybrid cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 5763-5769.
17. 16. Drivas, G. T., Shih, A., Coutavas, E., Rush, M. G., and D'Eustachio, P. (1990). Characterization of four novel ras-like genes expressed in a human teratocarcinoma cell line. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10: 1793-1798.
18. 17. El Kahloun, A., Chauvel, B., Mauvieux, V., Dormal, I., Jouanolle, A.-M., Gicquel, I., Le Gall, J.-Y., and David, V. (1992). Localization of seven new genes around the HLA-A locus. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2: 55-60.
19. 18. Fan, W. (1994). "Discovering, Mapping and Characterization of 39 New Genes in Human MHC Class I Region by cDNA Selection," Doctoral thesis, Yale University.
20. 19. Fan, W. F., Liu, Y. C., Parimoo, S., and Weissman, S. M. (1995). Olfactory receptor-like genes are located in the human major histocompatibility complex. Genomics 27: 119-123.
21. 20. Farmer, A. A., Loftus, T. M., Mills, A. A., Sato, K. Y., Neill, J. D., Tron, T., Yang, M., Trumpower, B. L., and Stanbridge, E. J. (1994). Extreme evolutionary conservation of QM, a novel c-Jun associated transcription factor. Hum. Mol. Genet. 3: 723-728.
22. 21. Gaczynska, M., Rock, K. L., Spies, T., and Goldberg, A. L. (1994). Peptidase activities of proteasomes are differentially regulated by the major histocompatibility complex-encoded genes for LMP2 and LMP7. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 9213-9217.
23. 22. Gardinier, M. V., Amiguet, P., Linington, C., and Matthieu, J. M. (1992). Myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a unique member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. J. Neurosci. Res. 33: 177-187.
24. 23. Geraghty, D. E., Koller, B. H., Hansen, J. A., and Orr, H. T. (1992a). The HLA class I gene family includes at least six genes and twelve pseudogenes and gene fragments. J. Immunol. 149: 1934-1946.
25. 24. Geraghty, D. E., Pei, J., Lipsky, B., Hansen, J. A., Taillon-Miller, P., Bronson, S. K., and Chaplin, D. D. (1992b). Cloning and physical mapping of the HLA class I region spanning the HLA-E to HLA-F interval by using yeast artificial chromosomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 2669-2673.
26. 25. Gillis, S., and Watson, J. (1980). Biochemical and biological characterization of lymphocyte regulatory molecules. V. Identification of an interleukin 2-producing human leukemia T cell line. J. Exp. Med. 152: 1709-1719.
27. 26. Goei, V. L., Parimoo, S., Capossela, A., Chu, T. W., and Gruen, J. R. (1994). Isolation of novel non-HLA gene fragments from the hemochromatosis region (6p21.3) by cDNA hybridization selection. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 54: 244-251.
28. 27. Gorlich, D., Hartmann, E., Prehn, S., and Rapoport, T. A. (1992). A protein of the endoplasmic reticulum involved early in polypeptide translocation. Nature 357: 47-52.
29. 28. Grenett, H. E., Bounelis, P., and Fuller, G. M. (1992). Identification of a human cDNA with high homology to yeast omnipotent suppressor 45. Gene 110: 239-243.
30. 29. Gruen, J. R., Goei, V. L., Summers, K. M., Capossela, A., Powell, L., Halliday, J., Zoghbi, H., Shukla, H., and Weissman, S. M. (1992). Physical and genetic mapping of the telomeric major histocompatibility complex region in man and relevance to the primary hemochromatosis gene (HFE). Genomics 14: 232-240.
31. 30. Guillaume, D., Arrang, J., Diaz, J., Wisnewsky, C., Schwartz, K., and Schwartz, J. (1994). Cloning of OL1, a putative olfactory receptor and its expression in the developing rat heart. Receptor Channels 3: 33-40.
32. 31. Gyapay, G., Morissette, J., Vignal, A., Dib, C., Fizames, C., Millasseau, P., Marc, S., Bernardi, G., Lathrop, M., and Weissenbach, J. (1994). The 1993-94 Généthon human genetic linkage map. Nature Genet. 7: 246-339.
33. 32. Hastbacka, J., de la Chapelle, A., Kaitila, I., Sistonen, P., Weaver, A., and Lander, E. (1992). Linkage disequilibrium mapping in isolated founder populations: Diastrophic dysplasia in Finland. Nature Genet. 2: 204-211.
34. 33. Henikoff, S., and Henikoff, J. G. (1994). Protein family classification based on searching a database of blocks. Genomics 19: 97-107.
35. 34. Ho, H. N., Gill, T. J. d., Nsieh, R. P., Hsieh, H. J., and Lee, T. Y. (1990). Sharing of human leukocyte antigens in primary and secondary recurrent spontaneous abortions. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol 163: 178-188.
36. 35. Hoe, K. L., Hong, H. J., Yoo, S. H., and Yoo, O. J. (1987). The nucleotide sequence of a gene coding for human serine tRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 15: 10045.
37. 36. Hunt, S. W. D., Cook, M. E., and Ecklund, S. R. (1993). Fine map of a region homologous to the rat grc complex in the TL region of the mouse. Immunogenetics 37: 386-389.
38. 37. Ikegami, H., Kawaguchi, Y., Ueda, H., Fukuda, M., Takakawa, K., Fujioka, Y., Fujisawa, T., Uchida, K., and Ogihara, T. (1993). MHC-linked diabetogenic gene of the NOD mouse: Molecular mapping of the 3′ boundary of the diabetogenic region. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 192: 677-682.
39. 38. Ireland, L. S., Johnston, G. C., Drebot, M. A., Dhillon, N., DeMaggio, A. J., Hoekstra, M. F., and Singer, R. A. (1994). A member of a novel family of yeast 'zn-finger' proteins mediates the transition from stationary phase to cell proliferation. EMBO J. 13: 3812-3821.
40. 39. Isomura, T., Tamiya-Koizumi, K., Suzuki, M., Yoshida, S., Taniguchi, M., Matsuyama, M., Ishigaki, T., Sakuma, S., and Takahashi, M. (1992). RFP is a DNA binding protein associated with the nuclear matrix. Nucleic Acids Res. 20: 5305-5310.
41. 40. Jack, L. J., and Mather, I. H. (1990). Cloning and analysis of cDNA encoding bovine butyrophilin, an apical glycoprotein expressed in mammary tissue and secreted in association with the milk-fat globule membrane during lactation. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 14481-14486.
42. 41. Jazwinska, E. C., Lee, S. C., Webb, S. I., Halliday, J. W., and Powell, L. W. (1993). Localization of the hemochromatosis gene close to D6S105. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 53: 347-352.
43. 42. Jones, E. P., Xiao, H., Schultz, R. A., Flaherty, L., Trachtulec, Z., Vincek, V., Larin, Z., Lehrach, H., and Lindahl, K. F. (1995). MHC class I gene organization in > 1.5-Mb YAC contigs from the H2-M region. Genomics 27: 40-51.
44. 43. Kato, Y., Salter-Cid, L., Flajnik, M. F., Kasahara, M., Namikawa, C., Sasaki, M., and Nonaka, M. (1994). Isolation of the Xenopus complement factor B complementary DNA and linkage of the gene to the frog MHC. J. Immunol. 153: 4546-4554.
45. 44. Kaufman, J., Volk, H., and Wallny, H.-J. (1995). A "minimal essential Mhc" and an "unrecognized Mhc": Two extremes in selection for polymorphism. Immunol. Rev. 143: 63-88.
46. 45. Klein, J., Satta, Y., O'Huigin, C., and Takahata, N. (1993). The molecular descent of the major histocompatibility complex. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 11: 269-295.
47. 46. Kulesh, D. A., and Oshima, R. G. (1988). Cloning of the human keratin 18 gene and its expression in nonepithelial mouse cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8: 1540-1550.
48. 47. Lalouel, J. M., and Jorde, L. B. (1988). Idiopathic hemochromatosis: Significance and implications of linkage and association to HLA. In "The Third International Conference on Hemochromatosis," Vol. 526, pp. 34-46, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, New York.
49. 48. Le Bouteiller, P. (1994). HLA class I chromosomal region, genes, and products: Facts and questions. Crit. Rev. Immunol. 14: 89-129.
50. 49. Leelayuwat, C., Townend, D. C., Degli-Esposti, M. A., Abraham, L. J., and Dawkins, R. L. (1994). A new polymorphic and multicopy MHC gene family related to nonmammalian class I. Immunogenetics 40: 339-351.
51. 50. Lewin, A. R., Reid, L. E., McMahon, M., Stark, G. R., and Kerr, I. M. (1991). Molecular analysis of a human interferon-inducible gene family. Eur. J. Biochem. 199: 417-423.
52. 51. Li, X. R., Giordano, S. J., Yoo, M., and Steggles, A. W. (1995). The isolation and characterization of the human cytochrome b5 gene. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 209: 894-900.
53. 52. Linsley, P. S., Peach, R., Gladstone, P., and Bajorath, J. (1994). Extending the B7 (CD80) gene family. Protein Sci. 3: 1341-1343.
54. 53. Melhem, M. F., Kunz, H. W., and Gill, T. J. D. (1993). A major histocompatibility complex-linked locus in the rat critically influences resistance to diethylnitrosamine carcinogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 1967-1971.
55. 54. Monteclaro, F. S., and Vogt, P. K. (1993). A Jun-binding protein related to a putative tumor suppressor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 6726-6730.
56. 55. Nalabolu, S. R., Shukla, H., Nallur, G., Parimoo, S., and Weissman, S. M. (1996). Genes in the 220-kb region spanning the TNF cluster of the human MHC. Genomics 31, 215-222.
57. 56. Nef, P., Hermans-Borgmeyer, I., Artieres-Pin, H., Beasley, L., Dionne, V. E., and Heinemann, S. F. (1992). Spatial pattern of receptor expression in the olfactory epithelium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 8948-8952.
58. 57. Nogi, Y., Yano, R., Dodd, J., Carles, C., and Nomura, M. (1993). Gene RRN4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes the A12.2 subunit of RNA polymerase I and is essential only at high temperatures. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13: 114-122.
59. 58. Parimoo, S., Kolluri, R., and Weissman, S. M. (1993). cDNA selection from total yeast DNA containing YACs. Nucleic Acids Res. 21: 4422-4423.
60. 59. Parimoo, S., Patanjali, S., Shukla, H., and Weissman, S. (1991). cDNA selection: Efficient PCR approach for the selection of cDNAs encoded in large chromosomal DNA fragments. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 9623-9627.
61. 60. Patanjali, S. R., Parimoo, S., and Weissman, S. M. (1991). Construction of a uniform-abundance (normalized) cDNA library. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 1943-1947.
62. 61. Pearson, W. R., and Lipman, D. J. (1988). Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 2444-2448.
63. 62. Peterson, A. C., Di Rienzo, A., Lehesjoki, A.-E., de la Chapelle, A., Slatkin, M., and Freimer, N. B. (1995). The distribution of linkage disequilibrium over anonymous genome regions. Hum. Mol. Genet. 4: 887-894.
64. 63. Pham-Dinh, D., Mattei, M. G., Nussbaum, J. L., Roussel, G., Pontarotti, P., Roeckel, N., Mather, I. H., Artzt, K., Lindahl, K. F., and Dautigny, A. (1993). Myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a member of a subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily encoded within the major histocompatibility complex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 7990-7994.
65. 64. Plomin, R., McClearn, G. E., Smith, D. L., Vignetti, S., Chorney, M. J., Chorney, K., Venditti, C. P., Kasarda, S., Thompson, L. A., and Detterman, D. K. (1994). DNA markers associated with high versus low IQ: The IQ Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Project. Behav. Genet. 24: 107-118.
66. 65. Potts, W. K., Manning, C. J., and Wakeland, E. K. (1991). Mating patterns in seminatural populations of mice influenced by MHC genotype. Nature 352: 619-621.
67. 66. Potts, W. K., and Slev, R. R. (1995). Pathogen-based models favoring MHC genetic diversity. Immunol. Rev. 143: 181-197.
68. 67. Powis, S. H., Rosenberg, W. M., Hall, M., Mockridge, L., Tonks, S., Ivinson, A., Ciclitira, P. J., Jewell, D. P., Lanchbury, J. S., and Bell, J. I. (1993). TAP1 and TAP2 polymorphism in coeliac disease. Immunogenetics 38: 345-350.
69. 68. Ragoussis, J., Senger, G., Mockridge, I., Sanseau, P., Ruddy, S., Dudley, K., Sheer, D., and Trowsdale, J. (1992). A testis-expressed Zn finger gene (ZNF76) in human 6p21.3 centromeric to the MHC is closely linked to the human homolog of the t-complex gene tcp-11. Genomics 14: 673-679.
70. 69. Raha-Chowdhury, R., Bowen, D. J., Burnett, A. K., and Worwood, M. (1995). Allelic associations and homozygosity at loci from HLA-B to D6S299 in genetic haemochromatosis. J. Med. Genet. 32: 446-452.
71. 70. Rappold, G. A., Trowsdale, J., and Lichter, P. (1992). Assignment of the human homologue of the mouse t-complex gene TCTE3 to human chromosome 6q27. Genomics 13: 1337-1339.
72. 71. Ried, T., Baldini, A., Rand, T. C., and Ward, D. C. (1992). Simultaneous visualization of seven different DNA probes by in situ hybridization using combinatorial fluorescence and digital imaging microscopy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 1388-1392.
73. 72. Salomonsen, J., Dunon, D., Skjodt, K., Thorpe, D., Vainio, O., and Kaufman, J. (1991). Chicken major histocompatibility complex-encoded B-G antigens are found on many cell types that are important for the immune system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 1359-1363.
74. 73. Shimizu-Nishikawa, K., Kajiwara, K., Kimura, M., Katsuki, M., and Sugaya, E. (1995). Cloning and expression of SEZ-6, a brain-specific and seizure-related cDNA. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 28: 201-210.
75. 74. Simon, M. (1989). Disorders of iron metabolism and related disorders. In "Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics" (Rimoin, Ed.), Vol. 2, pp. 1783-1795, Churchill, London.
76. 75. Sood, A. K., Pereira, D., and Weissman, S. M. (1981). Isolation and partial nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone for human histocompatibility antigen HLA-B by use of an oligodeoxy-nucleotide primer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78: 616-620.
77. 76. Spike, C. A., and Lament, S. J. (1995). Genetic analysis of three loci homologous to human G9a: Evidence for linkage of a class III gene with the chicken MHC. Anim. Genet. 26: 185-187.
78. 77. Staden, R. (1980). A new computer method for the storage and manipulation of DNA gel reading data. Nucleic Acids Res. 8: 3673-3694.
79. 78. Stancer, H. C., Weitkamp, L. R., Persad, E., Flood, C., Jorna, T., Guttormsen, S. A., and Yagnow, R. L. (1988). Confirmation of the relationship of HLA (chromosome 6) genes to depression and manic depression. II. The Ontario follow-up and analysis of 117 kindreds. Ann. Hum. Genet. 52: 279-298.
80. 79. Stone, C., Pointon, J. J., Jazwinska, E. C., Halliday, J. W., Powell, L. W., Robson, K. J., Monaco, A. P., and Weatherall, D. J. (1994). Isolation of CA dinucleotide repeats close to D6S105; linkage disequilibrium with haemochromatosis. Hum. Mol. Genet. 3: 2043-2046.
81. 80. Suzuki, K., and Wool, I. G. (1993). The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein L23a. The application of homology search to the identification of genes for mammalian and yeast ribosomal proteins and a correlation of rat and yeast ribosomal proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 2755-2761.
82. 81. Swaroop, A., and Weissman, S. M. (1988). Charon BS(+) and (-), versatile lambda phage vectors for constructing directional cDNA libraries and their efficient transfer to plasmids. Nucleic Acids Res. 16: 8739.
83. 82. Szumanski, M. B., and Boyle, S. M. (1992). Influence of cyclic AMP, agmatine, and a novel protein encoded by a flanking gene on speB (agmatine ureohydrolase) in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 174: 758-764.
84. 83. Takahashi, M., Inaguma, Y., Hiai, H., and Hirose, F. (1988). Developmentally regulated expression of a human 'finger'-containing gene encoded by the 5′ half of the ret transforming gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8: 1853-1856.
85. 84. Takahata, N. (1995). MHC diversity and selection. Immunol. Rev. 143: 225-247.
86. 85. Trowsdale, J. (1993). Genomic structure and function in the MHC. Trends Genet. 9: 117-22.
87. 86. Trowsdale, J. (1995). "Both man and bird and beast": Comparative organization of MHC genes. Immunogenetics 41: 1-17.
88. 87. Uberbacher, E. C., and Mural, R. J. (1991). Locating protein-coding regions in human DNA sequences by a multiple sensor-neural network approach. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 11261-11265.
89. 88. Vazquez de Aldana, C. R., Marton, M. J., and Hinnebusch, A. G. (1995). GCN20, a novel ATP binding cassette protein, and GCN1 reside in a complex that mediates activation of the elF-2 alpha kinase GCN2 in amino acid-starved cells. EMBO J. 14: 3184-3199.
90. 89. Venditti, C. P., Harris, J. M., Geraghty, D. E., and Chorney, M. J. (1994). Mapping and characterization of non-HLA multigene assemblages in the human MHC class I region. Genomics 22: 257-266.
91. 90. Vernet, C., Boretto, J., Mattei, M. G., Takahashi, M., Jack, L. J., Mather, I. H., Rouquier, S., and Pontarotti, P. (1993a). Evolutionary study of multigenic families mapping close to the human MHC class I region. J. Mol. Evol. 37: 600-612.
92. 91. Vernet, C., Ribouchon, M. T., Chimini, G., Jouanolle, A. M., Sidibe, I., and Pontarotti, P. (1993b). A novel coding sequence belonging to a new multicopy gene family mapping within the human MHC class I region. Immunogenetics 38: 47-53.
93. 92. Volz, A., Weiss, E., Trowsdale, J., and Ziegler, A. (1994). Presence of an expressed beta-tubulin gene (TUBB) in the HLA class I region may provide the genetic basis for HLA-linked microtubule dysfunction. Hum. Genet. 93: 42-46.
94. 93. Warner, C. M., and Gollnick, S. O. (1993). Expression of H-2K major histocompatibility antigens on preimplantation mouse embryos. Biol. Reprod. 48: 1082-1087.
95. 94. Wawrzyniak, C. J., Gallagher, P. M., D'Amore, M. A., Carter, J. E., Lund, S. D., Rinchik, E. M., and Ganschow, R. E. (1989). DNA determinants of structural and regulatory variation within the murine beta-glucuronidase gene complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9: 4074-4078.
96. 95. Wei, H., Fan, W. F., Xu, H., Parimoo, S., Shukla, H., Chaplin, D. D., and Weissman, S. M. (1993). Genes in one megabase of the HLA class I region. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 11870-11874.
97. 96. Wick, M., Burger, C., Brusselbach, S., Lucibello, F. C., and Muller, R. (1994). A novel member of human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) gene family is regulated during G1 progression, mitogenic stimulation, differentiation, and senescence. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 18953-18960.
98. 97. Worwood, M., Raha-Chowdhury, R., and Darke, C. (1994). Distribution of alleles at D6S105 and D6S265 with possible HLA haplotype associations. Tissue Antigens 44: 322-325.
99. 98. Xu, Y., Jin, P., Mellor, A. L., and Warner, C. M. (1994). Identification of the Ped gene at the molecular level: The Q9 MHC class I transgene converts the Ped slow to the Ped fast pheno-type. Biol. Reprod. 51: 695-699.
100. 99. Yang, Y., Waters, J. B., Fruh, K., and Peterson, P. A. (1992). Proteasomes are regulated by interferon gamma: Implications for antigen processing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 4928-4932.
101. 100. Yaouanq, J., Perichon, M., Chorney, M., Pontarotti, P., Le Treut, A., el Kahloun, A., Mauvieux, V., Blayau, M., Jouanolle, A. M., and Chauvel, B. (1994). Anonymous marker loci within 400 kb of HLA-A generate haplotypes in linkage disequilibrium with the hemochromatosis gene (HFE). Am. J. Hum. Genet. 54: 252-263.
102. 101. Yeom, Y. I., Abe, K., Bennett, D., and Artzt, K. (1992). Testis-/embryo-expressed genes are clustered in the mouse H-2K region. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 773-777.
103. 102. Zemmour, J., and Parham, P. (1992). A ribosomal protein-like sequence in the 3′ untranslated region of the HLA-F gene. Tissue Antigens 40: 250-253.