-
14
-
-
0000085289
-
-
(f) I. Abram, I.G. Milne, B. Solomon and C. Steel, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 91 (1969) 1220;
-
(1969)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.91
, pp. 1220
-
-
Abram, I.1
Milne, I.G.2
Solomon, B.3
Steel, C.4
-
16
-
-
72149130393
-
-
J. Kochi (ed.), Wiley, New York, Chapter 4
-
[5] (a) T. Koenig and H. Fischer, in J. Kochi (ed.), Free Radicals, Vol. 1, Wiley, New York, 1973, Chapter 4;
-
(1973)
Free Radicals
, vol.1
-
-
Koenig, T.1
Fischer, H.2
-
17
-
-
85021474193
-
Organic free radicals
-
W.A. Pryor (ed.), Chapter 3
-
(b) T. Koenig, in W.A. Pryor (ed.), Organic Free Radicals, in Am. Chem. Soc., 69 (1978) Chapter 3.
-
(1978)
Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.69
-
-
Koenig, T.1
-
29
-
-
0000184788
-
-
For the cage effect see
-
[11] (a) For the cage effect see: J.P. Lorand, Prog. Inorg. Chem., 17 (1972) 207;
-
(1972)
Prog. Inorg. Chem.
, vol.17
, pp. 207
-
-
Lorand, J.P.1
-
30
-
-
0003408677
-
-
for diffusion-limited reactions see: Elsevier, Amsterdam
-
(b) for diffusion-limited reactions see: S.A. Rice, Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics, Vol. 25, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1985.
-
(1985)
Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics
, vol.25
-
-
Rice, S.A.1
-
32
-
-
0001224488
-
-
Other devices for electronically measuring reaction quantum yields or fluorescence quantum yields have been described previously. However, each is significantly different from the radiometer described herein. For example, the system described by Baumann et al. [15] uses an excitation beam perpendicular to a monitoring beam from a UV-visible spectrophotometer instead of just one beam as used in our system. Furthermore, to our knowledge no system described in the literature uses a computer to control both the acquisition and the analysis of data. Finally, by using a commercial radiometer, our system is easily "constructed" by non-electronics experts. This feature in particular should make the present system exceedingly appealing to photochemists
-
[13] K.J. Covert, E.F. Askew, J. Grunkemeier, T. Koenig and D.R. Tyler, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114 (1992) 10446.
-
-
-
-
33
-
-
0001675503
-
-
[14] Other devices for electronically measuring reaction quantum yields or fluorescence quantum yields have been described previously. However, each is significantly different from the radiometer described herein. For example, the system described by Baumann et al. [15] uses an excitation beam perpendicular to a monitoring beam from a UV-visible spectrophotometer instead of just one beam as used in our system. Furthermore, to our knowledge no system described in the literature uses a computer to control both the acquisition and the analysis of data. Finally, by using a commercial radiometer, our system is easily "constructed" by non-electronics experts. This feature in particular should make the present system exceedingly appealing to photochemists.
-
(1983)
J. Signalaufz.-Mater.
, vol.5
, pp. 385
-
-
Baumann, H.1
Behrmann, K.2
Jahnke, H.3
Ortmann, W.4
Waldmann, G.5
-
34
-
-
0011458024
-
-
unpublished work For more information on polymers that have metal-metal bonds along the backbone, see
-
[15] H. Baumann, K. Behrmann, H. Jahnke, W. Ortmann and G. Waldmann, J. Signalaufz.-Mater., 5 (1983) 385.
-
(1995)
-
-
Lindfors, B.E.1
Nieckarz, G.F.2
Tyler, D.T.3
-
35
-
-
0026107437
-
-
[16] B.E. Lindfors, G.F. Nieckarz and D.T. Tyler, unpublished work, 1995. For more information on polymers that have metal-metal bonds along the backbone, see: (a) S.C. Tenhaeff and D.R. Tyler, Organometallics, 10 (1991) 473;
-
(1991)
Organometallics
, vol.10
, pp. 473
-
-
Tenhaeff, S.C.1
Tyler, D.R.2
-
36
-
-
0001107076
-
-
[16] B.E. Lindfors, G.F. Nieckarz and D.T. Tyler, unpublished work, 1995. For more information on polymers that have metal-metal bonds along the backbone, see: (a) S.C. Tenhaeff and D.R. Tyler, Organometallics, 10 (1991) 473;
-
(1991)
Organometallics
, vol.10
, pp. 1116
-
-
Tenhaeff, S.C.1
Tyler, D.R.2
-
42
-
-
37049091471
-
-
A heavy black plastic sheet is used to isolate the light table from any stray light. Currently, the reference detector is not used. However, with an additional circuit board (available from Oriel), the reference data could be used to determine the lamp intensity at all times during the data acquisition
-
[20] H.G. Heller and J.R. Langan, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. II, (1981) 341.
-
-
-
-
43
-
-
0011494970
-
-
For example, a starting wavelength of 0.00 nm, an end wavelength of 120.0 nm, a wavelength interval of 1.20 nm and a wait time of 12 s results in 10 s for every wavelength. Therefore the end wavelength is equal to irradiation for 1200 s
-
[21] A heavy black plastic sheet is used to isolate the light table from any stray light. Currently, the reference detector is not used. However, with an additional circuit board (available from Oriel), the reference data could be used to determine the lamp intensity at all times during the data acquisition.
-
-
-
-
44
-
-
0011444510
-
-
avg the average percentage absorbance to correct for any non-absorption
-
[22] For example, a starting wavelength of 0.00 nm, an end wavelength of 120.0 nm, a wavelength interval of 1.20 nm and a wait time of 12 s results in 10 s for every wavelength. Therefore the end wavelength is equal to irradiation for 1200 s.
-
-
-
-
45
-
-
0011445983
-
-
The lower limit of 0.1 s for the wait time is software based. The hardware is capable of instantaneous data acquisition; however, a wait time of zero would make the required conversion to the time base impossible
-
avg the average percentage absorbance to correct for any non-absorption.
-
-
-
|