Amperometric microsensors for monitoring choline in the extracellular fluid of brain

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

Volumn 70, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 73-82

  Garguilo, Michael G ^a   Michael, Adrian C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

acetylcholine; anesthetized rat; carbon fiber microelectrode; choline; cholinesterase; in vivo electrochemistry; neostigmine; striatum

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; CHOLINE; NEOSTIGMINE;

ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE; AMPEROMETRY; ANESTHESIA; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORPUS STRIATUM; INTRACEREBRAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MALE; MICROELECTRODE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT;

ACETYLCHOLINE; ALCOHOL OXIDOREDUCTASES; ANIMALS; BIOSENSING TECHNIQUES; BRAIN CHEMISTRY; CHOLINE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS; CHOLINESTERASES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; GELS; HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE; MALE; MICROCHEMISTRY; MICROELECTRODES; MICROINJECTIONS; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC; NEOSTIGMINE; NERVE TISSUE PROTEINS; PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

EID: 0030561094     PISSN: 01650270     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-0270(96)00105-7     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Bard, A.J. and Faulkner, L.R. (1980) Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, Wiley, New York, p. 129.
2. Benveniste, H. (1989) Brain microdialysis, J. Neurochem., 52: 1667-1679.
3. Boutelle, M.G., Stanford, C., Fillenz, M., Albery, W.J. and Bartlett, P.N. (1986) An amperometric enzyme electrode for monitoring brain glucose in the freely moving rat, Neurosci. Lett., 72: 283-288.
4. Brazzel, M.P., Kasser, R.J., Renner, K.J., Feng, J., Moghaddam, B. and Adams, R.N. (1987) Electrocoating carbon fiber microelectrodes with Nafion improves selectivity for electroactive neurotransmitters, J. Neurosci. Methods, 22: 167-172.
5. Brehm, R., Lindmar, R. and Löffelholz, K. (1987) Muscarinic mobilization of choline in rat brain in vivo as shown by the cerebral arterio-venous difference of choline, J. Neurochem., 48: 1480-1485.
6. Capella, P., Ghasemzadeh, M.B., Adams, R.N., Wiedemann, D.J. and Wightman, R.M. (1993) Real-time monitoring of electrically stimulated norepinephrine release in rat thalamus: II. Modeling of release and reuptake characteristics of stimulated norepinephrine overflow, J. Neurochem., 60: 449-453.
7. Consolo, S., Wu, C.F., Fiorentini, F., Ladinsky, H. and Vezzani, A. (1987) Determination of endogenous acetylcholine release in freely moving rats by transstriatal dialysis coupled to a radioenzymatic assay: effect of drugs, J. Neurochem., 48: 1459-1465.
8. Cuadra, G., Summers, K. and Giacobini, E. (1994) Cholinesterase inhibitor effects on neurotransmitters in rat cortex in vivo, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 270: 277-284.
9. Damsma, G., Westerink, B.H.C., De Boer, P., De Vries, J.B. and Horn, A.S. (1988) Basal acetylcholine release in freely moving rats detected by on-line trans-striatal dialysis: pharmacological aspects, Life Sci., 43: 1161-1168.
10. Damsma, G., Westerink, B.H.C. and Horn, A.S. (1985) A simple, sensitive, and economic assay for choline and acetylcholine using HPLC, an enzyme reactor, and an electrochemical detector, J. Neurochem., 45: 1649-1652.
11. Day, J., Damsma, L. and Fibiger, H.C. (1991) Cholinergic activity in the rat hippocampus, cortex and striatum correlates with locomotor activity: an in vivo microdialysis study, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 38: 723-729.
12. De Boer, P. and Westerink, B.H.C. (1994) GABAergic modulation of striatal cholinergic interneurons: an in vivo microdialysis study, J. Neurochem., 62: 70-75.
13. De Boer, P., Damsma, G., Schram, Q., Stoof, J.C., Zaagsma, J. and Westerink, B.H.C. (1992) The effect of intrastriatal application of directly and indirectly acting dopamine agonists and antagonists on the in vivo release of acetylcholine measured by brain microdialysis, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol., 345: 144-152.
14. Duff, A. and O'Neill, R.D. (1994) Effect of probe size on the concentration of brain extracellular uric acid monitored with carbon paste electrodes, J. Neurochem., 62: 1496-1502.
15. Durkin, T.P., Messier, C., De Boer, P. and Westerink, B.H.C. (1992) Raised glucose levels enhance scopolamine-induced acetylcholine overflow from hippocampus: an in vivo microdialysis study in the rat, Behav. Brain Res., 49: 181-188.
16. Frew, J.E. and Hill, H.A.O. (1987) Electrochemical biosensors, Anal. Chem., 59: 933A-944A.
17. Garguilo, M.G. and Michael, A.C. (1995a) Optimization of amperometric microsensors for monitoring choline in the extracellular fluid of brain tissue, Anal. Chim. Acta, 307: 291-299.
18. Garguilo, M.G. and Michael, A.C. (1995b) Enzyme-modified electrodes for peroxide, choline, and acetylcholine, Trends Anal. Chem., 14: 164-169.
19. Garguilo, M.G. and Michael, A.C. (1994) Quantitation of choline in the extracellular fluid of brain tissue with amperometric microsensors, Anal. Chem., 66: 2621-2629.
20. Garguilo, M.G. and Michael, A.C. (1993) An enzyme-modified microelectrode that detects choline injected locally into brain tissue, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115: 12218-12219.
21. Ghasemzadeh, M.B., Capella, P., Mitchell, K. and Adams, R.N. (1993) Real-time monitoring of electrically stimulated norepinephrine release in rat thalamus: I. Resolution of transmitter and metabolite signal components, J. Neurochem., 60: 442-448.
22. Giovannini, M.G., Camilli, F., Mundula, A., Bianchi, L., Colivicchi, M.A. and Pepeu, G. (1995) Differential regulation by N-methyl-D aspartate and non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors of acetylcholine release from the rat striatum in vivo, Neuroscience, 65: 409-415.
23. Gregg, B.A. and Heller, A. (1991) Redox polymer films containing enzymes. 1. A redox-conducting cement: synthesis, characterization, and electrocatalytic oxidation of hydroquinone, J. Phys. Chem., 95: 5970-5975.
24. Hale, P.D., Boguslavsky, L.I., Karan, H.I., Lan, H.I., Okamoto, Y. and Skotheim, T.A. (1991a) Investigation of viologen derivatives as electron-transfer mediators in amperometric glucose sensors, Anal. Chim. Acta, 248: 155-161.
25. Hale, P.D., Lee, H.S., Okamoto, Y. and Skotheim, T.A. (1991b) Glutamate biosensors based on electrical communication between L-glutamate oxidase and a flexible redox polymer, Anal. Lett., 24: 345-356.
26. Hu, Y., Mitchell, K.M., Albahadily, F.N., Michaelis, E.K. and Wilson, G.S. (1994) Direct measurement of glutamate release in the brain using a dual enzyme-based electrochemical sensor, Brain Res., 659: 117-125.
27. Katakis, I. and Heller, A. (1992) L-α-Glycerophosphate and L-lactate electrodes based on the electrochemical 'wiring' of oxidases, Anal. Chem., 64: 1008-1013.
28. Kawagoe, J.L., Niehaus, D.E. and Wightman, R.M. (1991) Enzyme-modified organic conducting salt microelectrode, Anal. Chem., 63: 2961-2965.
29. Kuhr, W.G., Barrett, V.L., Gagnon, M.R., Hopper, P. and Pantano, P. (1993) Dehydrogenase-modified carbon-fiber microelectrodes for the measurement of neurotransmitter dynamics. 1. NADH voltammetry, Anal. Chem., 65: 617-622.
30. Kulys, J. and Schmid, R.D. (1991) Bioenzyme sensors based on chemically modified electrodes, Biosens. Bioelectron., 6: 43-48.
31. Kulys, J.J., Bilitewski, U. and Schmid, R.D. (1991) Reagentless biosensors for substrates of dehydrogenases, Anal. Lett., 24: 181-189.
32. Koshimura, K., Miwa, S., Lee, K., Hayahi, Y., Hasegawa, H., Hamahata, K., Fujiwara, M., Kimura, M. and Itokawa, Y. (1990) Effect of choline administration on the in vivo release and biosynthesis of acetylcholine in the rat striatum as studied by in vivo brain microdialysis, J. Neurochem., 54: 533-539.
33. Lowry, J.P., McAteer, K., El Atrash, S.S., Duff, A. and O'Neill, R.D. (1994) Characterization of glucose oxidase-modified poly(phenylenediamine)-coated electrodes in vitro and in vivo: homogeneous interference by ascorbic acid in hydrogen peroxide detection, Anal. Chem., 66: 1754-1761.
34. Marko-Varga, G., Appelqvist, R. and Gorton, L. (1986) A glucose sensor based on glucose dehydrogenase adsorbed on a modified carbon electrode, Anal. Chim, Acta, 179: 371-379.
35. Marshall, D.L. and Wurtman, R.J. (1993) Effect of choline on basal and stimulated acetylcholine release: an in vivo microdialysis study using a low neostigmine concentration, Brain Res., 269: 269-274.
36. Moghaddam, B., Gruen, R.J., Roth, R.H., Bunney, B.S. and Adams, R.N. (1990) Effect of L-glutamate on the release of striatal dopamine: in vivo dialysis and electrochemical studies, Brian Res., 518: 55-60.
37. Moor, E., De Boer, P., Beldhuis, H.J.A. and Westerink, B.H.C. (1994) A novel approach for studying septo-hippocampal cholinergic neurons in freely moving rats: a microdialysis study with dual-probe design, Brain Res., 648: 32-38.
38. Morari, M., O'Connor, W.T., Ungerstedt, U. and Fuxe, K. (1993) N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid differentially regulates extracellular dopamine, GABA, and glutamate levels in the dorsolateral neostriatum of the halothane-anesthetized rat: an in vivo microdialysis study, J. Neurochem., 60: 1884-1893.
39. Morrison, P.F., Bungay, P.M., Hsiao, J.K. Mefford, I.N., Dijkstra, K.H. and Dedrick, R.L. (1991) Quantitative microdialysis. In T.E. Robinson and J.B. Justice (Eds.),Microdialysis in the Neurosciences, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
40. Moussy, F., Harrison, J.D., O'Brien, D.W. and Rajotte, R.V. (1993) Performance of subcutaneously implanted needle-type glucose sensors employing a novel trilayer coating, Anal. Chem., 65: 2072-2077.
41. Nilsson, O.G., Kalén, P., Rosengren, E. and Björklund, A. (1990) Acetylcholine release in the rat hippocampus as studied by microdialysis is dependent on axonal impulse flow and increases during behavioural activation, Neuroscience, 36: 325-338.
42. Pantano, P. and Kuhr, W.G. (1993) Dehydrogenase-modified carbon-fiber microelectrodes for the measurement of neurotransmitter dynamics. 2. Covalent modification utilizing avidin-biotin technology, Anal. Chem., 65: 623-630.
43. Pickup, J.C. and Alcock, S. (1991) Clinicians' requirements for chemical sensors for in vivo monitoring: a multinational survey, Biosens. Bioelectron., 6: 639-646.
44. Pishko, M.V., Michael, A.C. and Heller, A. (1991) Amperometric glucose microelectrodes prepared through immobilization of glucose oxidase in redox hydrogels, Anal. Chem., 63: 2268-2272.
45. Potter, P.E., Meek, J.L. and Neff, N.H. (1983) Acetylcholine and choline in neuronal tissue measured by HPLC with electrochemical detection, J. Neurochem., 41: 188-194.
46. Skoog, D.A. and Leary, J.J. (1992) Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th Edn., Saunders College Publishing, Texas, p. 7.
47. Stamford, J.A. (1986) In vivo voltammetry: some methodological considerations, J. Neurosci. Methods, 17: 1-29.
48. Suaud-Chagny, M.F., Cespuglio, R., Rivot, J.P., Buda, M. and Gonon, F. (1993) High sensitivity measurement of brain catechols and indoles in vivo using electrochemically treated carbon-fiber electrodes, J. Neurosci. Methods, 48: 241-250.
49. Taber, M. and Fibiger, H.C. (1994) Cortical regulation of acetylcholine release in rat striatum, Brain Res., 639: 354-356.
50. Tatsuma, T. and Watanabe, T. (1991) Oxidase/peroxidase bilayer-modified electrodes as sensors for lactate, pyruvate, cholesterol and uric acid, Anal. Chim. Acta, 242: 85-89.
51. Thompson, M. and Krull, U.J. (1991) Biosensors and the transduction of molecular recognition, Anal. Chem., 63: 393A-405A.
52. Tsai, T.H. and Chen, C.F. (1994) Simultaneous measurement of acetylcholine and monoamines by two serial on-line microdialysis systems: effects of methamphetamine on neurotransmitters release from the striatum of freely moving rats, Neurosci. Lett., 166: 175-177.
53. Tse, P.H.S. and Gough, D.A. (1987) Transient response of an enzyme electrode sensor for glucose, Anal. Chem., 59: 2339-2344.
54. Wang, J. and Angnes, L. (1992) Miniaturized glucose sensors based on electrochemical codeposition of rhodium and glucose oxidase onto carbon-fiber electrodes, Anal. Chem., 64: 456-459.
55. Westerink, B.H.C., De Boer, P. and Damsma, G. (1990) Dopamine-acetylcholine interaction in the striatum studied by microdialysis in the awake rat: some methodological aspects, J. Neurosci. Methods, 34: 117-124.
56. Westerink, B.H.C., Damsma, G. and De Vries, J.B. (1989) Effect of ouabain applied by intrastriatal microdialysis on the in vivo release of dopamine, acetylcholine, and amino acids in the brain of conscious rats, J. Neurochem., 52: 705-712.
57. Westerink, B.H.C., Damsma, G., Rollema, H., De Vries, J.B. and Horn, A.S. (1987) Scope and limitations of in vivo brain dialysis: a comparison of its application to various neurotransmitter systems, Life Sci., 41: 1763-1776.
58. Wiedemann, D.J., Basse-Tomusk, A., Wilson, R.L., Rebec, G.V. and Wightman, R.M. (1990) Interference by DOPAC and ascorbate during attempts to measure drug-induced changes in neostriatal dopamine with Nafion-coated, carbon-fiber electrodes, J. Neurosci. Methods, 35: 9-18.
59. Wightman, R.M. and Zimmerman, J.B. (1990) Control of dopamine extracellular concentration in rat striatum by impulse flow and uptake, Brain Res. Rev., 15: 135-144.
60. Young, S.D. and Michael, A.C. (1993) Voltammetry of extracellular dopamine in rat striatum during ICSS-like electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle, Brain Res., 600: 305-307.