Meteorological research applications of MM-wave radar

Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics

Volumn 59, Issue 1-2, 1996, Pages 105-121

  Krofli, R A ^a   Kelly, R D ^b  

^a NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030554173     PISSN: 01777971     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF01032003     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Ackerman, T. P., Albrecht, B. A., Miller, M. A., Clothiax, E., Peters, R. M., Syrett, W., 1993: Remote sensing of cloud properties using a 94 GHz radar. Proceedings from Topical Symposium on Combined Optical-Microwave Earth and Atmospheric Sensing, Albuquerque, NM.
2. Albrecht, B. A., Miller, M. A., Peters, R. M., 1990: The Development of Surface-Based System for Observing Boundary Layer Clouds, Preprint Vol. 9th Symposium on Turbulence and Diffusion, Roskilde, Denmark, 4/30-5/3/90, 70-73.
3. Atlas, D. (ed.), 1990: Radar in Meteorology: Battan Memorial and 40th Anniversary Radar Meteorology Conference. Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 806 pp.
4. Aydin, K., Tang, C., 1993: Millimeter wave polarization scattering from ice crystals. Preprints, 26th Conference on Radar Meteorology, Norman, OK.
5. Battan, L., 1973: Radar Observation of the Atmosphere. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 324 pp.
6. Browning, K. A., Betts, A., Jonas, P. R., Kershaw, R., Manton, M., Mason, P. J., Miller, M., Moncrief, M. W., Sundqvist, H., Tao, W. K., Tiedtke, M., Hobbs, P. V., Mitchell, J., Raschke, E., Stewart, R. E., Simpson, J., 1993. The GEWEX Cloud System Study (GCSS). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 387-399.
7. Dungey, C. E., Bohren, C. F., 1993: Backscattering by nonspherical hydrometeors as calculated by the coupled-dipole method: an application in radar meteorology. J Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 526-532.
8. Evans, K. F., Vivekanandan, J., 1990: Multiparameter radar and microwave radiative transfer modeling of nonspherical atmospheric ice particles. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, 28, 423-437.
9. Frisch, A. S., Martner, B. E., Gibson, J. S., 1989: Measurement of the vertical flux of turbulent kinetic energy with a single Doppler radar. Bound-Layer Meteor., 49, 331-337.
10. a-band radar and a microwave radiometer. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., (submitted).
11. Gossett, M., Sauvageot, H., 1992: A dual-wavelength method for ice-water characterization in mixed-phase clouds. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 9, 538-547.
12. Harper, W. G., 1964: Cloud detection with a 8.6 millimetre wavelength radar. Metereol. Mag., 93, 337-346.
13. Hobbs, P. V., Funk, N. T., 1984: Cloud and precipitation studies with a millimetre-wave radar; A pictorial overview. Weather, 39(11), 334-339.
14. Hobbs, P. V., Funk, N. T., Weiss, Sr., R. R., Locatelli, J. D., Biswas, K. R., 1985: Evaluation of a 35 GHz radar for cloud physics research. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 2, 35-48.
15. Hogg, D. C., Guiraud, F. O., Snider, J. B., Decker, M. T., Westwater, E. R., 1983: A steerable dual-channel microwave radiometer for measurement of water vapor and liquid in the atmosphere. J. Appl. Meteor., 22, 789-906.
16. Intrieri, J. M., Stephens, G. L., Eberhard, W. L., Uttal, T., 1993: A method for determining cirrus cloud particle sizes using lidar and radar backscatter technique. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1074-1082.
17. Knight, C. A., Miller, L. J., 1993: First radar echoes from cumulus clouds. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 179-188.
18. Knollenberg, R. G., Kelly, K., Wilson, J. C., 1993: Measurements of high number densities of ice crystals in the tops of tropical cumulonimbus. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 8639-8664.
19. Kropfli, R. A., 1986: Single Doppler radar measurements of turbulence profiles in the convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 3, 305-314.
20. Kropfli, R. A., Bartram, B. W., Matrosov, S. Y., 1990: The upgraded WPL dual-polarization 8mm wavelength Doppler radar for microphysical and climate research. Proceedings of Conf. on Cloud Physics, American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA., 341-345.
21. Kropfli, R. A., Orr, B. W., 1993: Observations of microcells in the marine boundary layer with 8-mm wavelength Doppler radar. Proceedings 26th International Conference on Radar Meteorology., American Meteorology Society, 492-494.
22. Lhermitte, R. M., 1987a: A 94-GHz Doppler radar for cloud observations. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 4, 36-48.
23. Lhermitte, R. M., 1987b: Small cumuli observed with a 3 mm wavelength Doppler radar. Geophys. Res. Lett., 14, 707-710.
24. Lhermitte, R. M., 1988a: Cloud and precipitation remote sensing at 94 GHz. IEEE Trans Micro. Theory Techn., 26(3), 207-216.
25. Lhermitte, R. M., 1988b: Observation of rain at vertical incidence with a 94 GHz Doppler radar: an insight on Mie scattering. Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 1125-1128.
26. Lhermitte, R. M., 1989: Mie scattering observations by a 94 GHz Doppler radar at vertical incidence. 24th International Conference on Radar Meteorology., American Meteorological Society, 1-4.
27. Lhermitte, R., 1990: Attenuation and scattering of millimeter wavelength radiation by clouds and precipitation. J. Atmos. Sci., 7, 464-479.
28. Long, M. W., 1983: Radar Reflectivity of Land and Sea. Dedham, MA: Artech House, 385 pp.
29. Magono, C., Lee, C. W., 1966: Meteorological classification of natural snow crystals. J. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Ser. VII, 2(4), 321-355.
30. Martner, B. E., Kropfli, R. A., 1993: Observations of multilayered clouds using K-band radar. Proceedings of the 31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Amer. Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Washington, D.C., AIAA-93-394.
31. Martner, B. E., Kropfli, R. A., Ash, L. E., Snider, J. B., 1993a: Dual-wavelength differential attenuation radar measurements of cloud liquid water content, Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Radar Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, 596-598.
32. Martner, B. E., Kropfli, R. A., Ash, L. E., Snider, J. B., 1993b: Cloud liquid water content measurement tests using dual-wavelength radar. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL ETL-235, NOAA Environmental Research Laboratories, Boulder, CO.
33. Martner, B. E., Ralph, F. M., 1993: Breaking Kelvin-Helmholtz waves and cloud-top entrainment as revealed by K-band Doppler radar. Proceedings of the 9th conference of Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, American Meteorological Society, Boston, Mass., 141-144.
34. Matrosov, S. Y., 1991a: Theoretical study of radar polarization parameters obtained from cirrus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1062-1070.
35. Matrosov, S. Y., 1991b: Prospects for the measurements of ice cloud particle shape and orientation with elliptically polarized radar signals. Radio Sci., 26, 847-856.
36. Matrosov, S. Y., 1992: Radar reflectivity in snowfall. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, 30, 454-461.
37. Matrosov, S. Y., 1993: Possibilities of cirrus particle sizing form dual-frequency radar measurements. J. Geophys. Res.. 98, 20675-20683.
38. a-band radar signals: A suggested approach. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 684-692.
39. Matrosov, S. Y., Kropfli, R. A., Orr, B. W., Snider, J. B., 1994: Retrieval of vertical profiles of cirrus cloud microstructure parameters from Doppler radar and IR radiometer measurements. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 617-626.
40. Matrosov, S. Y., Uttal, T., Snider, J. B., Krpofli, R. A. 1992: Estimation of ice cloud parameters from ground-based infrared radiometer and radar measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 11567-11574.
41. Moeng, C. H., Rotunno, R., 1990: Vertical-velocity skewness in the buoyancy-driven boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1149-1162.
42. Nastrom, G. D., Warnock, J. M., 1994: Vertical motions estimated using data from a single station and a form of the adiabatic method. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 65-73.
43. Nemarich, J., Wellman, R. J., Lacombe, J., 1988: Backscatter and attenuation by falling snow and rain at 96, 140, and 225 GHz. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, 26, 319-329.
44. Parungo, F., Boatman, J. F., Sievering, H., Wilkerson, S. W., Hicks, B. B., 1994: Trends in global marine cloudiness and anthropogenic sulfur. J. Climate, 7, 434-440.
45. Pasqualucci, F., 1980: Millimeter radar observations of vertical velocities in nonprecipitating cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Res., 14, 517-521.
46. Pasqualucci, F., 1981: Millimeter-wave radar applications in meteorology. Atmospheric Technology: Recent Progress in Radar Meteorology, National Center for Atmospheric Research, No. 13.
47. Pasqualucci, F., Bartram, B. W., Kropfli, R. A., Moninger, W. R., 1983: A millimeter-wavelength dual-polarization Doppler radar for cloud and precipitation studies. J. Climate Appl. Meteorl., 22, 758-765.
48. Paulsen, W. H., Petrocchi, P. J., McLean, G., 1970: Operational Utilization of the AN/TPQ-11 Cloud Detection Radar. Air Force Cambridge Research. Labs Instrumentation Papers, 166.
49. Pazmany, A. L., Mead, J. B., McIntosh, R. E., Hervig, M., Kelly, R., Vali, G., 1994a: 95GHz polarimetric radar measurements of orographic cap clouds from the Elk Mountain Wyoming observatory. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 11, 140-153.
50. Pazmany, A. L., McIntosh, R. E., Kelly, R. D., Vali, G., 1994b: An airborne 95 GHz dual polarized radar for cloud studies. To appear in July 1994 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing.
51. Petrocchi, P. J., Paulsen, W. H., 1966: Meteorological Significance of Vertical Density Profiles of Clouds and Precipitation obtained with the AN/TPQ-11 Radar, Proceedings of the 12th AMS Conference on Radar Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, 467-472.
52. Plank, V. G., Atlas, D., Paulsen, W. H., 1955: The nature and detectability of clouds and precipitation as determined by 1.25-centimeter radar. J. Appl. Meteor., 12, 358-378.
53. Pruppacher, H. R., Klett, J. D., 1978: Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel Publishing, 714p.
54. Ralph, M. F., 1994: Using radar-measured radial vertical velocities in rain and snow to distinguish precipitation scattering from clear-air scattering. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. (accepted).
55. Schneider, T. L., Stephens, G. L., 1994: Backscattering by nonspherical ice particles at millimeter wavelengths. 8th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation, American Meteorological Society, 310-312.
56. Sekelsky, S. M., McIntosh, R. E., 1996: Cloud observations with a polarimetric 33 GHz and 95 GHz radar. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 59, 123-140.
57. Smith, P. L., 1993: An update on weather radar system sensitivity. Preprints, 26th Conference on Radar Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, Norman, OK.
58. Uttal, T., Shaver, S. M., Clothiaux, E. E., Ackerman, T. P., 1993: Cloud boundaries during FIRE II. 26th Conference on Radar Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, 111-113.
59. Vali, G., Kelly, R. D., Pazmany, A., McIntosh, R. E., 1994: Airborne radar and in-situ observations of a shallow stratus with drizzle. J. Atmos. Res. (submitted).
60. Vivekanandan, J., Adams, W. M., Bringi, V. B., 1991: Rigorous approach to polarimetric radar modeling of hydrometeor orientation distributions. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 1054-1063.