메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 70, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 141-156

Self-Concept Clarity: Measurement, Personality Correlates, and Cultural Boundaries

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0030542650     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.70.1.141     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (1296)

References (112)
  • 3
    • 0002397338 scopus 로고
    • Depressive realism: Four theoretical perspectives
    • L. Alloy (Ed.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Alloy, L. B., & Abramson, L. Y. (1988). Depressive realism: Four theoretical perspectives. In L. Alloy (Ed.), Cognitive processes in depression (pp. 223-265). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (1988) Cognitive Processes in Depression , pp. 223-265
    • Alloy, L.B.1    Abramson, L.Y.2
  • 5
    • 0004154436 scopus 로고
    • New York: Oxford University Press
    • Baumeister, R. F. (1986). Identity. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (1986) Identity
    • Baumeister, R.F.1
  • 6
    • 0003035028 scopus 로고
    • Understanding the inner nature of low self-esteem: Uncertain, fragile, protective, and conflicted
    • New York: Plenum
    • Baumeister, R. F. (1993). Understanding the inner nature of low self-esteem: Uncertain, fragile, protective, and conflicted. In Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard (pp. 201-218). New York: Plenum.
    • (1993) Self-esteem: The Puzzle of Low Self-regard , pp. 201-218
    • Baumeister, R.F.1
  • 7
    • 0025441966 scopus 로고
    • To know oneself is to like oneself: Self-certainty and self-affect
    • Baumgardner, A. H. (1990). To know oneself is to like oneself: Self-certainty and self-affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 1062-1072.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.58 , pp. 1062-1072
    • Baumgardner, A.H.1
  • 9
    • 0041160719 scopus 로고
    • Repression-sensitization
    • H. London & J. E. Exner (Eds.), New York: Wiley
    • Bell, P. A., & Byrne, D. (1978). Repression-sensitization. In H. London & J. E. Exner (Eds.), Dimensions of personality (pp. 449-485). New York: Wiley.
    • (1978) Dimensions of Personality , pp. 449-485
    • Bell, P.A.1    Byrne, D.2
  • 10
    • 0000879832 scopus 로고
    • The development of a short form of the Manifest Anxiety Scale
    • Bendig, A. W. (1956). The development of a short form of the Manifest Anxiety Scale. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 20, 384.
    • (1956) Journal of Consulting Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 384
    • Bendig, A.W.1
  • 12
    • 0001460220 scopus 로고
    • Self-esteem and self-serving biases in reactions to positive and negative events: An integrative review
    • R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), New York: Plenum
    • Blaine, B., & Crocker, J. (1993). Self-esteem and self-serving biases in reactions to positive and negative events: An integrative review. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard (pp. 55-86). New York: Plenum.
    • (1993) Self-esteem: The Puzzle of Low Self-regard , pp. 55-86
    • Blaine, B.1    Crocker, J.2
  • 13
    • 0001024915 scopus 로고
    • Ego identity, role variability, and adjustment
    • Block, J. (1961a). Ego identity, role variability, and adjustment. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 25, 392-397.
    • (1961) Journal of Consulting Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 392-397
    • Block, J.1
  • 16
    • 0026875531 scopus 로고
    • Assessing the five-factor model of personality description
    • Briggs, S. R. (1992). Assessing the five-factor model of personality description. Journal of Personality, 60, 253-293.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality , vol.60 , pp. 253-293
    • Briggs, S.R.1
  • 17
    • 0000282332 scopus 로고
    • The role of factor analysis in the development and evaluation of personality scales
    • Briggs, S. R., & Cheek, J. M. (1986). The role of factor analysis in the development and evaluation of personality scales. Journal of Personality, 60, 253-293.
    • (1986) Journal of Personality , vol.60 , pp. 253-293
    • Briggs, S.R.1    Cheek, J.M.2
  • 18
    • 84965932242 scopus 로고
    • Back-translation for cross-cultural research
    • Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1, 185-216.
    • (1970) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.1 , pp. 185-216
    • Brislin, R.W.1
  • 19
    • 21144467766 scopus 로고
    • The Self-Consciousness Scale: On the stability of the three-factor structure
    • Britt, T. W. (1992). The Self-Consciousness Scale: On the stability of the three-factor structure. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 748-755.
    • (1992) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.18 , pp. 748-755
    • Britt, T.W.1
  • 20
    • 0001003885 scopus 로고
    • Low self-esteem and behavioral plasticity: Some implications for personality and social psychology
    • L. Wheeler (Ed.), Beverly Hills, CA: Sage
    • Brockner, J. (1984). Low self-esteem and behavioral plasticity: Some implications for personality and social psychology. In L. Wheeler (Ed.), Review of personality and social psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 237-271). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
    • (1984) Review of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 237-271
    • Brockner, J.1
  • 21
    • 0000430968 scopus 로고
    • A modification of the Fenigstein, Scheier, and Buss Self-Consciousness Scale
    • Burnkrant, R., & Page, T. (1984). A modification of the Fenigstein, Scheier, and Buss Self-Consciousness Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48, 629-637.
    • (1984) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.48 , pp. 629-637
    • Burnkrant, R.1    Page, T.2
  • 23
    • 78651125002 scopus 로고
    • The Repression-Sensitization Scale: Rationale, reliability, and validity
    • Byrne, D. (1961). The Repression-Sensitization Scale: Rationale, reliability, and validity. Journal of Personality, 29, 334-349.
    • (1961) Journal of Personality , vol.29 , pp. 334-349
    • Byrne, D.1
  • 28
    • 0026216805 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and emotional reactions to daily events: The effects of self-esteem and self-complexity
    • Campbell, J. D., Chew, B., & Scratchley, L. S. (1991). Cognitive and emotional reactions to daily events: The effects of self-esteem and self-complexity. Journal of Personality, 59, 473-505.
    • (1991) Journal of Personality , vol.59 , pp. 473-505
    • Campbell, J.D.1    Chew, B.2    Scratchley, L.S.3
  • 29
    • 0025138111 scopus 로고
    • Self-esteem and perceptions of conveyed impressions: Is negative affectivity associated with greater realism?
    • Campbell, J. D., & Fehr, B. (1990). Self-esteem and perceptions of conveyed impressions: Is negative affectivity associated with greater realism? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 122-133.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.58 , pp. 122-133
    • Campbell, J.D.1    Fehr, B.2
  • 31
    • 0002586202 scopus 로고
    • Who am I?: The role of self-concept confusion in understanding the behavior of people with low self-esteem
    • R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), New York: Plenum
    • Campbell, J. D., & Lavallee, L. F. (1993). Who am I?: The role of self-concept confusion in understanding the behavior of people with low self-esteem. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard (pp. 3-20). New York: Plenum.
    • (1993) Self-esteem: The Puzzle of Low Self-regard , pp. 3-20
    • Campbell, J.D.1    Lavallee, L.F.2
  • 32
    • 0002641783 scopus 로고
    • The hierarchy of consistency: A review and model of longitudinal findings on adult individual differences in intelligence, personality and self-opinion
    • Conley, J. J. (1984). The hierarchy of consistency: A review and model of longitudinal findings on adult individual differences in intelligence, personality and self-opinion. Personality and Individual Differences, 5, 11-25.
    • (1984) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.5 , pp. 11-25
    • Conley, J.J.1
  • 35
    • 84920463623 scopus 로고
    • Domains and facets: Hierarchical personality assessment using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory
    • Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1995). Domains and facets: Hierarchical personality assessment using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64, 21-50.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.64 , pp. 21-50
    • Costa Jr., P.T.1    McCrae, R.R.2
  • 36
    • 0001321190 scopus 로고
    • Facet scales for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness: A revision of the NEO Personality Inventory
    • Costa, P. T., Jr., McCrae, R. R., & Dye, D. A. (1991). Facet scales for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness: A revision of the NEO Personality Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 887-898.
    • (1991) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.12 , pp. 887-898
    • Costa Jr., P.T.1    McCrae, R.R.2    Dye, D.A.3
  • 37
  • 38
    • 0041006432 scopus 로고
    • A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology
    • Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24, 349-354.
    • (1960) Journal of Consulting Psychology , vol.24 , pp. 349-354
    • Crowne, D.P.1    Marlowe, D.2
  • 39
    • 0027602838 scopus 로고
    • The divided self: Concurrent and longitudinal effects of psychological adjustment and social roles on self-concept differentiation
    • Donahue, E. M., Robins, R. W., Roberts, B. W., & John, O. P. (1993). The divided self: Concurrent and longitudinal effects of psychological adjustment and social roles on self-concept differentiation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 834-846.
    • (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.64 , pp. 834-846
    • Donahue, E.M.1    Robins, R.W.2    Roberts, B.W.3    John, O.P.4
  • 41
    • 0001027021 scopus 로고
    • Identity and the life cycle
    • G. S. Klein (Ed.), New York: International Universities Press
    • Erikson, E. (1959). Identity and the life cycle. In G. S. Klein (Ed.), Psychological issues (pp. 1-171). New York: International Universities Press.
    • (1959) Psychological Issues , pp. 1-171
    • Erikson, E.1
  • 43
    • 0024846938 scopus 로고
    • Chronic occupational stressors, self-focused attention, and well-being: Testing a cybernetic model of stress
    • Frone, M. R., & McFarlin D. B. (1989). Chronic occupational stressors, self-focused attention, and well-being: Testing a cybernetic model of stress. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 876-883.
    • (1989) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 876-883
    • Frone, M.R.1    McFarlin, D.B.2
  • 44
    • 0024834923 scopus 로고
    • The role of ego-control, ego-resiliency, and IQ in delay of gratification in adolescence
    • Funder, D. C., & Block, J. (1989). The role of ego-control, ego-resiliency, and IQ in delay of gratification in adolescence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1041-1050.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.57 , pp. 1041-1050
    • Funder, D.C.1    Block, J.2
  • 46
    • 0025557319 scopus 로고
    • An alternative "description of personality": The Big-Five factor structure
    • Goldberg, L. R. (1990). An alternative "description of personality": The Big-Five factor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 1216-1229.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 1216-1229
    • Goldberg, L.R.1
  • 47
    • 0027348286 scopus 로고
    • The structure of phenotypic personality traits
    • Goldberg, L. R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. American Psychologist, 48, 26-34.
    • (1993) American Psychologist , vol.48 , pp. 26-34
    • Goldberg, L.R.1
  • 48
    • 1542743111 scopus 로고
    • Interpersonal prediction of repressors and sensitizers
    • Gordon, J. E. (1957). Interpersonal prediction of repressors and sensitizers. Journal of Personality, 25, 686-698.
    • (1957) Journal of Personality , vol.25 , pp. 686-698
    • Gordon, J.E.1
  • 49
    • 0001496344 scopus 로고
    • The Self-Consciousness Scale: A confirmatory analysis
    • Gould, S. J. (1986). The Self-Consciousness Scale: A confirmatory analysis. Psychological Reports, 59, 809-810.
    • (1986) Psychological Reports , vol.59 , pp. 809-810
    • Gould, S.J.1
  • 50
    • 0000517392 scopus 로고
    • The self
    • R. S. Wyer & T. K. Srull (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Greenwald, A. G., & Pratkanis, A. R. (1984). The self. In R. S. Wyer & T. K. Srull (Eds.), Handbook of social cognition (Vol. 3, pp. 129-178). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1984) Handbook of Social Cognition , vol.3 , pp. 129-178
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    Pratkanis, A.R.2
  • 53
    • 0040026074 scopus 로고
    • The effects of culture on self-implicated processes: A comparison of Canadians and Japanese
    • Heine, S. J., Lehman, D. R., Okugawa, O., & Campbell, J. D. (1992). The effects of culture on self-implicated processes: A comparison of Canadians and Japanese. Ritsumeikan Review of Social Sciences, 74, 29-38.
    • (1992) Ritsumeikan Review of Social Sciences , vol.74 , pp. 29-38
    • Heine, S.J.1    Lehman, D.R.2    Okugawa, O.3    Campbell, J.D.4
  • 54
    • 0001919499 scopus 로고
    • The Texas Social Behavior Inventory (TSBI): An objective measure of self-esteem or social competence
    • Ms. No. 681
    • Helmreich, R., Stapp, J., & Ervin, C. (1974). The Texas Social Behavior Inventory (TSBI): An objective measure of self-esteem or social competence. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Social Psychology, 4, 79(Ms. No. 681).
    • (1974) JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Social Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 79
    • Helmreich, R.1    Stapp, J.2    Ervin, C.3
  • 57
    • 0025394056 scopus 로고
    • Self-focused attention in clinical disorders: Review and a conceptual model
    • Ingram, R. (1990). Self-focused attention in clinical disorders: Review and a conceptual model. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 156-176.
    • (1990) Psychological Bulletin , vol.107 , pp. 156-176
    • Ingram, R.1
  • 61
    • 77957087409 scopus 로고
    • The interactive roles of stability and level of self-esteem: Research and theory
    • M. P. Zanna (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Kernis, M. H., & Waschull, S. B. (1995). The interactive roles of stability and level of self-esteem: Research and theory. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 27, pp. 93-141). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1995) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , vol.27 , pp. 93-141
    • Kernis, M.H.1    Waschull, S.B.2
  • 62
    • 77957026441 scopus 로고
    • Mental representations of the self
    • L. Berkowitz (Ed.), San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Kihlstrom, J. F., & Cantor, N. (1984). Mental representations of the self. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 17, pp. 1-47). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1984) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , vol.17 , pp. 1-47
    • Kihlstrom, J.F.1    Cantor, N.2
  • 64
    • 21844497424 scopus 로고
    • Impact of personal goals on self-regulation processes elicited by daily negative events
    • Lavallee, L. F., & Campbell, J. D. (1995). Impact of personal goals on self-regulation processes elicited by daily negative events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 341-352.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.69 , pp. 341-352
    • Lavallee, L.F.1    Campbell, J.D.2
  • 66
    • 0003047087 scopus 로고
    • Self-complexity and affective extremity: Don't put all of your eggs in one cognitive basket
    • Linville, P. W. (1985). Self-complexity and affective extremity: Don't put all of your eggs in one cognitive basket. Social Cognition, 3, 94-120.
    • (1985) Social Cognition , vol.3 , pp. 94-120
    • Linville, P.W.1
  • 67
    • 0023319006 scopus 로고
    • Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related illness and depression
    • Linville, P. W. (1987). Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related illness and depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 663-676.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 663-676
    • Linville, P.W.1
  • 69
    • 0000098837 scopus 로고
    • What is the self-concept in Japan?
    • Mahler, I. (1976). What is the self-concept in Japan? Psychologia, 19, 127-132.
    • (1976) Psychologia , vol.19 , pp. 127-132
    • Mahler, I.1
  • 70
    • 0001951693 scopus 로고
    • Identity in adolescence
    • J. Adelson (Ed.), New York: Wiley
    • Marcia, J. E. (1980). Identity in adolescence. In J. Adelson (Ed.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (pp. 159-187). New York: Wiley.
    • (1980) Handbook of Adolescent Psychology , pp. 159-187
    • Marcia, J.E.1
  • 71
    • 58149407452 scopus 로고
    • Self-schemata and processing information about the self
    • Markus, H. (1977). Self-schemata and processing information about the self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 63-78.
    • (1977) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 63-78
    • Markus, H.1
  • 72
    • 12044258070 scopus 로고
    • Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation
    • Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253.
    • (1991) Psychological Review , vol.98 , pp. 224-253
    • Markus, H.R.1    Kitayama, S.2
  • 73
    • 84958876060 scopus 로고
    • The dynamic self-concept: A social psychological perspective
    • Markus, H. R., & Wurf, E. (1987). The dynamic self-concept: A social psychological perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 38, 299-337.
    • (1987) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.38 , pp. 299-337
    • Markus, H.R.1    Wurf, E.2
  • 74
    • 0001683285 scopus 로고
    • Joint factors in self-reports and ratings: Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness to Experience
    • McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1983). Joint factors in self-reports and ratings: Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness to Experience. Personality and Individual Differences, 4, 245-255.
    • (1983) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.4 , pp. 245-255
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Costa Jr., P.T.2
  • 75
    • 0023208674 scopus 로고
    • Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers
    • McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 81-90.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 81-90
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Costa Jr., P.T.2
  • 77
    • 1542637935 scopus 로고
    • The structural convergence of mood and personality: Evidence for old and new directions
    • Meyer, G. J., & Shack, J. R. (1989). The structural convergence of mood and personality: Evidence for old and new directions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 81-90.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.57 , pp. 81-90
    • Meyer, G.J.1    Shack, J.R.2
  • 79
    • 0003166361 scopus 로고
    • "Know Thyself": Stressful life changes and the ameliorative effect of private self-consciousness
    • Mullen, B., & Suls, J. (1982). "Know Thyself": Stressful life changes and the ameliorative effect of private self-consciousness. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 18, 43-55.
    • (1982) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 43-55
    • Mullen, B.1    Suls, J.2
  • 81
    • 0001071114 scopus 로고
    • Private self-consciousness, articulation of the self-schema, and recognition memory of trait adjectives
    • Nasby, W. (1985). Private self-consciousness, articulation of the self-schema, and recognition memory of trait adjectives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 704-709.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 704-709
    • Nasby, W.1
  • 82
    • 0000108827 scopus 로고
    • Private and public self-consciousness and articulation of the self-schema
    • Nasby, W. (1989). Private and public self-consciousness and articulation of the self-schema. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 117-123.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.56 , pp. 117-123
    • Nasby, W.1
  • 84
    • 0001915141 scopus 로고
    • Measurement and control of response bias
    • J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, & L. S. Wrightsman (Eds.), San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Paulhus, D. L. (1991). Measurement and control of response bias. In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, & L. S. Wrightsman (Eds.), Measures of personality and social attitudes (pp. 17-59). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1991) Measures of Personality and Social Attitudes , pp. 17-59
    • Paulhus, D.L.1
  • 86
    • 0001594058 scopus 로고
    • What is the factorial structure of the Private and Public Self-Consciousness Scales?
    • Piliavin, J., & Charng, H. (1988). What is the factorial structure of the Private and Public Self-Consciousness Scales? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 14, 587-595.
    • (1988) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.14 , pp. 587-595
    • Piliavin, J.1    Charng, H.2
  • 87
    • 0026856768 scopus 로고
    • Vulnerable self-esteem and depressive symptoms: Prospective findings comparing three alternative conceptualizations
    • Roberts, J. E., & Monroe, S. M. (1992). Vulnerable self-esteem and depressive symptoms: Prospective findings comparing three alternative conceptualizations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 804-812.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 804-812
    • Roberts, J.E.1    Monroe, S.M.2
  • 91
    • 0018184189 scopus 로고
    • Self-consciousness, self-report of aggressiveness and aggression
    • Scheier, M. F., Buss, A. H., & Buss, D. M. (1978). Self-consciousness, self-report of aggressiveness and aggression. Journal of Research in Personality, 12, 133-140.
    • (1978) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.12 , pp. 133-140
    • Scheier, M.F.1    Buss, A.H.2    Buss, D.M.3
  • 92
    • 0002703284 scopus 로고
    • Identity and self-identification
    • New York: McGraw-Hill
    • Schlenker, B. R. (1985). Identity and self-identification. In The self and social life (pp. 65-100). New York: McGraw-Hill.
    • (1985) The Self and Social Life , pp. 65-100
    • Schlenker, B.R.1
  • 93
  • 94
    • 0026874727 scopus 로고
    • Compartmentalization of positive and negative self-knowledge: Keeping bad apples out of the bunch
    • Showers, C. (1992). Compartmentalization of positive and negative self-knowledge: Keeping bad apples out of the bunch. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 1036-1049.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 1036-1049
    • Showers, C.1
  • 96
    • 0022343798 scopus 로고
    • Self-attention, life stress, and illness: A prospective study
    • Suls, J., & Reicher, B. (1985). Self-attention, life stress, and illness: A prospective study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 47, 469-481.
    • (1985) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.47 , pp. 469-481
    • Suls, J.1    Reicher, B.2
  • 98
    • 0002348036 scopus 로고
    • Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report
    • A. H. Tuma & J. D. Masur (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Tellegen, A. (1985). Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Masur (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 681-706). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1985) Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders , pp. 681-706
    • Tellegen, A.1
  • 99
    • 0000098192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring personality through test construction: Development of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire
    • (in press). S. R. Briggs, J. M. Cheek, & E. Donahue (Eds.), New York: Plenum
    • Tellegen, A., & Waller, N. G. (in press). Exploring personality through test construction: Development of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. In S. R. Briggs, J. M. Cheek, & E. Donahue (Eds.), Handbook of personality inventories. New York: Plenum.
    • Handbook of Personality Inventories
    • Tellegen, A.1    Waller, N.G.2
  • 100
    • 0003076527 scopus 로고
    • The social motivations of people with low self-esteem
    • R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), New York: Plenum
    • Tice, D. M. (1993). The social motivations of people with low self-esteem. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard (pp. 37-54). New York: Plenum.
    • (1993) Self-esteem: The Puzzle of Low Self-regard , pp. 37-54
    • Tice, D.M.1
  • 102
    • 34547503326 scopus 로고
    • Extension of the interpersonal adjective scales to include the Big Five dimensions of personality
    • Trapnell, P. D., & Wiggins, J. S. (1990). Extension of the interpersonal adjective scales to include the Big Five dimensions of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 781-790.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 781-790
    • Trapnell, P.D.1    Wiggins, J.S.2
  • 103
    • 0021530059 scopus 로고
    • Negative affectivity: The disposition to experience aversive emotional states
    • Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1984). Negative affectivity: The disposition to experience aversive emotional states. Psychological Bulletin, 96, 465-490.
    • (1984) Psychological Bulletin , vol.96 , pp. 465-490
    • Watson, D.1    Clark, L.A.2
  • 104
    • 0026874654 scopus 로고
    • On traits and temperament: General and specific factors of emotional experience and their relation to the Five-Factor model
    • Watson, J. D., & Clark, L. A. (1992). On traits and temperament: General and specific factors of emotional experience and their relation to the Five-Factor model. Journal of Personality, 60, 441-499.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality , vol.60 , pp. 441-499
    • Watson, J.D.1    Clark, L.A.2
  • 105
    • 0024023344 scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales
    • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070.
    • (1988) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 1063-1070
    • Watson, D.1    Clark, L.A.2    Tellegen, A.3
  • 106
    • 0022115623 scopus 로고
    • Toward a consensual structure of mood
    • Watson, D., & Tellegen, A. (1985). Toward a consensual structure of mood. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 219-235.
    • (1985) Psychological Bulletin , vol.98 , pp. 219-235
    • Watson, D.1    Tellegen, A.2
  • 109
    • 85047686049 scopus 로고
    • A psychological taxonomy of trait descriptive words: The interpersonal domain
    • Wiggins, J. S. (1979). A psychological taxonomy of trait descriptive words: The interpersonal domain. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 395-412.
    • (1979) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 395-412
    • Wiggins, J.S.1
  • 110
    • 0002924115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality structure: The return of the Big Five
    • (in press). R. Hogan, J. Johnson, & S. R. Briggs (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Wiggins, J. S., & Trapnell, P. D. (in press). Personality structure: The return of the Big Five. In R. Hogan, J. Johnson, & S. R. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality psychology. New York: Academic Press.
    • Handbook of Personality Psychology
    • Wiggins, J.S.1    Trapnell, P.D.2
  • 112
    • 0001693349 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in positive well-being: A consideration of emotional style and marital status
    • Woods, W., Rhodes, M., & Whelan, N. (1989). Sex differences in positive well-being: A consideration of emotional style and marital status. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 249-264.
    • (1989) Psychological Bulletin , vol.106 , pp. 249-264
    • Woods, W.1    Rhodes, M.2    Whelan, N.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.