Molecular recognition directed self-assembly of tubular supramolecular architectures from building blocks containing monodendrons as exo-receptors and crown- or pseudo-crown-ethers as endo-receptors

Macromolecular Symposia

Volumn 101, Issue , 1996, Pages 43-60

  Percec, Virgil ^a   Johansson, Gary ^a   Schlueter, Douglas ^a   Ronda, Joan C ^a   Ungar, Goran ^a  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030540637     PISSN: 10221360     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/masy.19961010107     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. For basic reviews on the principles of supramolecular chemistry, see: (a) J.M. Lehn, Angew. Chem.,Int. Ed. Engl. 27, 89 (1988); (b) J.M. Lehn, Angew. Chem.,Int. Ed. Engl. 29, 1304 (1990); (c) J.M. Lehn, Supramolecular Chemistry,VCH, Weinheim, 1995.
2. For basic reviews on the principles of supramolecular chemistry, see: (a) J.M. Lehn, Angew. Chem.,Int. Ed. Engl. 27, 89 (1988); (b) J.M. Lehn, Angew. Chem.,Int. Ed. Engl. 29, 1304 (1990); (c) J.M. Lehn, Supramolecular Chemistry,VCH, Weinheim, 1995.
3. For basic reviews on the principles of supramolecular chemistry, see: (a) J.M. Lehn, Angew. Chem.,Int. Ed. Engl. 27, 89 (1988); (b) J.M. Lehn, Angew. Chem.,Int. Ed. Engl. 29, 1304 (1990); (c) J.M. Lehn, Supramolecular Chemistry,VCH, Weinheim, 1995.
4. A.J. Levine, Viruses, W.H. Freeman, New York, 1992.
5. A. Klug, Angew. Chem.,Int. Ed. Engl. 22, 565 (1983).
6. J.N. Israelachvili, Intermolecular and Surface Forces, Academic, New York, 1992, p 380.
7. D.L.D. Caspar, Biophys. J. 32, 103 (1980).
8. For brief reviews on the self-assembly including the self-assembly of TMV, see: (a) J.L. Lindsey, New J. Chem. 15, 153 (1991); (b) G.M. Whitesides, J.P. Mathias, C.T. Seto, Science 254, 1312 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, Macromol. Symp. 77, 237 (1994).
9. For brief reviews on the self-assembly including the self-assembly of TMV, see: (a) J.L. Lindsey, New J. Chem. 15, 153 (1991); (b) G.M. Whitesides, J.P. Mathias, C.T. Seto, Science 254, 1312 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, Macromol. Symp. 77, 237 (1994).
10. For brief reviews on the self-assembly including the self-assembly of TMV, see: (a) J.L. Lindsey, New J. Chem. 15, 153 (1991); (b) G.M. Whitesides, J.P. Mathias, C.T. Seto, Science 254, 1312 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, Macromol. Symp. 77, 237 (1994).
11. D.L.D. Caspar, G. Stubbs, Plant Infectious Agents. Viruses, Viroids, Virusoids and Satellites, H.D. Robertson, S.H. Howell, M. Zaitlin, R.L. Malonbry, Eds., in Current Communications in Molecular Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1983, p.88.
12. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
13. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
14. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
15. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
16. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
17. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
18. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
19. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
20. For the first series of experiment which concluded that polymers containing tapered side groups generated from monodendrons produce tubular architectures, see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 30(2), 450 (1989); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 29, 591 (1991); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 24, 255 (1990); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 55 (1991); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(1), 263 (1991); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 32(3), 698 (1991); (g) V. Percec, J. Heck, Polym. Bull. 25, 431 (1991); (h) V. Percec, J. Heck, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. Polym. Prepr. 33(1), 698 (1992); (i) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Ungar, Macromolecules 24, 4957 (1991).
21. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
22. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
23. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
24. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
25. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
26. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
27. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
28. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
29. For selected publications on the rational design and self-assembly of taper-shaped groups and of the polymers containing tapered side groups, see: (a) V. Percec, M. Lee, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 931 (1992); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, M. Lee, G. Ungar, A. Alvarez-Castillo, J. Mater. Chem. 2, 1033 (1992); (c) V. Percec, G. Johansson, J. Heck, G. Ungar, S.V. Batty, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1:1411 (1993); (d) G. Johansson, V. Percec, G. Ungar, D. Abramic, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 447 (1994); (e) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, F. Falkenberg, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2799, (1993); (f) V. Percec, J. Heck, D. Tomazos, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 2381 (1993); (g) V. Percec, D. Tomazos, J. Heck, H. Blackwell, G. Ungar, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2: 31 (1994); (h) D. Tomazos, G. Out, J.A. Heck, G. Johansson, V. Percec, and M. Möller, Liq. Cryst. 16, 509 (1994); V. Percec, D. Schlueter, G. Ungar, J.P. Zhou,to be published.
30. For publications on the structural characterization of the supramolecular tubular architectures self-assembled by tapered building blocks, see: (a) Y.K. Kwon, S. Chvalun, A.-I. Schneider, J. Blackwell, V. Percec, J. Heck, Macromolecules 27, 6129 (1994); (b) Y.K. Kwon, C. Danko, S. Chvalun, J. Blackwell, J. Heck, V. Percec, Macromol. Symp. 87, 103 (1994); (c) Y.K. Kwon, S.N. Chvalun, J. Blackwell, V. Percec, J. Heck, Macromolecules 28, 1552 (1995).
31. For publications on the structural characterization of the supramolecular tubular architectures self-assembled by tapered building blocks, see: (a) Y.K. Kwon, S. Chvalun, A.-I. Schneider, J. Blackwell, V. Percec, J. Heck, Macromolecules 27, 6129 (1994); (b) Y.K. Kwon, C. Danko, S. Chvalun, J. Blackwell, J. Heck, V. Percec, Macromol. Symp. 87, 103 (1994); (c) Y.K. Kwon, S.N. Chvalun, J. Blackwell, V. Percec, J. Heck, Macromolecules 28, 1552 (1995).
32. For publications on the structural characterization of the supramolecular tubular architectures self-assembled by tapered building blocks, see: (a) Y.K. Kwon, S. Chvalun, A.-I. Schneider, J. Blackwell, V. Percec, J. Heck, Macromolecules 27, 6129 (1994); (b) Y.K. Kwon, C. Danko, S. Chvalun, J. Blackwell, J. Heck, V. Percec, Macromol. Symp. 87, 103 (1994); (c) Y.K. Kwon, S.N. Chvalun, J. Blackwell, V. Percec, J. Heck, Macromolecules 28, 1552 (1995).
33. For some recent reviews on the self-assembly of taper-shaped groups see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, G. Ungar, Macromol. Symp. 77, 237 (1994); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, G. Ungar, J. Macromol.Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem. A31, 1031 (1994); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, P. Chu, G. Ungar, J. Macromol. Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem. A31, 1719 (1994); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, P. Chu, G. Ungar, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 254, 137 (1994).
34. For some recent reviews on the self-assembly of taper-shaped groups see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, G. Ungar, Macromol. Symp. 77, 237 (1994); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, G. Ungar, J. Macromol.Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem. A31, 1031 (1994); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, P. Chu, G. Ungar, J. Macromol. Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem. A31, 1719 (1994); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, P. Chu, G. Ungar, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 254, 137 (1994).
35. For some recent reviews on the self-assembly of taper-shaped groups see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, G. Ungar, Macromol. Symp. 77, 237 (1994); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, G. Ungar, J. Macromol.Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem. A31, 1031 (1994); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, P. Chu, G. Ungar, J. Macromol. Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem. A31, 1719 (1994); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, P. Chu, G. Ungar, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 254, 137 (1994).
36. For some recent reviews on the self-assembly of taper-shaped groups see: (a) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, G. Ungar, Macromol. Symp. 77, 237 (1994); (b) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, G. Ungar, J. Macromol.Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem. A31, 1031 (1994); (c) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, P. Chu, G. Ungar, J. Macromol. Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem. A31, 1719 (1994); (d) V. Percec, J. Heck, G. Johansson, D. Tomazos, M. Kawasumi, P. Chu, G. Ungar, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 254, 137 (1994).
37. For the convergent synthetic approach to monodendrons and dendritic macromolecules, see: (a) C. Hawker, J.M.J. Fréchet, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1010 (1990); (b) C.J. Hawker; J.M.J. Fréchet, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 7638 (1990); (c) T.M. Miller, T.X. Neenan, Chem. Mater. 2, 346 (1990).
38. For the convergent synthetic approach to monodendrons and dendritic macromolecules, see: (a) C. Hawker, J.M.J. Fréchet, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1010 (1990); (b) C.J. Hawker; J.M.J. Fréchet, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 7638 (1990); (c) T.M. Miller, T.X. Neenan, Chem. Mater. 2, 346 (1990).
39. For the convergent synthetic approach to monodendrons and dendritic macromolecules, see: (a) C. Hawker, J.M.J. Fréchet, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1010 (1990); (b) C.J. Hawker; J.M.J. Fréchet, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 7638 (1990); (c) T.M. Miller, T.X. Neenan, Chem. Mater. 2, 346 (1990).
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