Transformational leader behaviors and substitutes for leadership as determinants of employee satisfaction, commitment, trust, and organizational citize

Journal of Management

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 259-298

  Podsakoff, Philip M ^a   MacKenzie, Scott B ^b   Bommer, William H ^b  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030529174     PISSN: 01492063     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0149-2063(96)90049-5     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Avolio B.J., Bass B.M. Transformational leadership, charisma, and beyond. Hunt J.G., Baliga B.R., Dachler H.P., Schriesheim C.A. Emerging leadership vistas. 1988;29-49 Lexington Books, Lexington, MA.
2. Bagozzi R.P., Yi Y., Phillips L.W. Assessing the construct validity in organizational research. Administrative Science Quarterly. 36:1991;421-458.
3. Bandura A. Social learning theory. 1977;Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
4. Bass B.M. Leadership and performance beyond expectation. 1985;Free Press, New York.
5. Bass B.M., Avolio B.J., Goodheim L. Biography and the assessment of transformational leadership at the world class level. Journal of Management. 13:1987;7-19.
6. Bass B.M., Waldman D.A., Avolio B.J., Bebb M. Transformational leadership and the falling dominoes effect. Group and Organization Studies. 12:1987;73-87.
7. Baum J.F., Youngblood S.A. Impact of an organizational control policy on absenteeism, performance, and satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology. 60:1975;688-694.
8. Bennis W., Nanus B. Leaders: The strategies for taking charge. 1985;Harper & Row, New York.
9. Bentler P.M. Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin. 107:1990;238-246.
10. Boal K.B., Bryson J.M. Charismatic leadership: A phenomenological and structural approach. Hunt J.G., Baliga B.R., Dachler H.P, Schriesheim C.A. Emerging leadership vistas. 1988;5-28 Lexington Books, Lexington, MA.
11. Bollen K.A. A new incremental fit index for general structural equation models. Sociological Methods and Research. 17:1989;303-316.
12. Bradford D.L., Cohen A.R. Managing for excellence: The guide to developing high performance in contemporary organizations. 1984;Wiley, New York.
13. Brehm J.W. A theory of psychological reactance. 1966;Academic Press, New York.
14. Bryman A. Charisma and leadership in organizations. 1992;Sage, London.
15. Burns J.M. Leadership. 1978;Harper & Row, New York.
16. Cohen J., Cohen P. Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. 1983;Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
17. Conger J.A., Kanungo R.N. Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings. Academy of Management Review. 12:1987;637-647.
18. Cote J.A., Buckley R. Estimating trait, method, and error variance: Generalizing across 70 construct validation studies. Journal of Marketing Research. 24:1987;315-318.
19. Dobbins G.H., Zaccaro S.J. The effects of group cohesion and leader behavior on subordinate satisfaction. Group and Organizational Studies. 11:1986;203-219.
20. Farh J.L., Podsakoff P.M., Cheng B.S. Culture-free leadership effectiveness versus moderators of leadership behavior: An extension and test of Kerr and Jermier's "substitutes for leadersh. Journal of International Business Studies. 18:1987;43-60.
21. Farh J.L., Podsakoff P.M., Organ D.W. Accounting for organizational citizenship behavior: Leader fairness and task scope versus satisfaction. Journal of Management. 16:1990;705-721.
22. Fornell C., Larcker D.F. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research. 28:1981;39-50.
23. Gillet B.J., Schwab D.P. Convergent and discriminant validities of the corresponding Job Description Index and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire scales. Journal of Applied Psychology. 60:1975;313-317.
24. House R.J. A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership. Hunt J.G., Larson L.L. Leadership: The cutting edge. 1977;Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale, IL. 000-000.
25. House R.J., Schuler R.S., Levanoni E. Role conflict and ambiguity scales: Reality or artifacts? Journal of Applied Psychology. 68:1983;334-337.
26. House R.J., Spangler W.D., Woycke J. Personality and charisma in the U.S. presidency: A psychological theory of leadership effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly. 36:1991;364-396.
27. House R.J., Woycke J., Fodor E.M. Perceived behavior and effectiveness of charismatic and non-charismatic U.S. Presidents. Conger J., Kanungo R. Charismatic leadership and management. 1988;Jossey-Bass, San Francisco. 000-000.
28. Howell J.P., Bowen D.E., Dorfman P.W., Kerr S., Podsakoff P.M. Substitutes for leadership: Effective alternatives to ineffective leadership. Organizational Dynamics. 1990;20-38. Summer.
29. Howell J.P., Dorfman P.W. Substitutes for leadership: Test of a construct. Academy of Management Journal. 24:1981;714-728.
30. Howell J.P., Dorfman P.W. Leadership and substitutes for leadership among professional and non-professional workers. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science. 22:1986;29-46.
31. Howell J.P., Dorfman P.W., Kerr S. Moderator variables in leadership research. Academy of Management Review. 11:1986;88-102.
32. Howell J.M., Frost P.J. A laboratory study of charismatic leadership. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision processes. 43:1989;243-269.
33. Jackson S.E., Schuler R.S. A meta-analysis and conceptual critique of research on role ambiguity and role conflict in work settings. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 36:1985;16-78.
34. Jermier J.M., Berkes L. Leader behavior in a police command bureaucracy: A closer look at a quasi-military model. Administrative Science Quarterly. 24:1979;1-23.
35. Jöreskog K.G., Sörbom D. LISREL VIII: Analysis of linear structural relationships by maximum likelihood, instrumental variables and least squares methods. 8th ed. 1993;Scientific Software, Morresville, IN.
36. Katz D., Kahn R.L. The social psychology of organizations. 1966;Wiley, New York.
37. Kerr S. Substitutes for leadership: Some implications for organizational design. Organization and Administrative Sciences. 8:1977;135-146.
38. Kerr S., Jermier J.M. Substitutes for leadership: Their meaning and measurement. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. 22:1978;375-403.
39. Kouzes J.M., Posner B.Z. The leadership challenge. 1987;Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
40. Locke E.A., Latham G.P. A theory of goal setting & task performance. 1990;Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
41. MacKenzie S.B., Podsakoff P.M., Fetter R. Organizational citizenship behavior and objective productivity as determinants of managerial evaluations of salespersons' performance. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 50:1991;123-150.
42. Mathieu J.E., Zajac D.M. A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of organizational commitment. Psychological Bulletin. 108:1990;171-194.
43. Moorman R.H. Relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors: Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship? Journal of Applied Psychology. 76:1991;845-855.
44. Moorman R.H. The influence of cognitive and affective based job satisfaction measures on the relationship between satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavi. Human Relations. 46:1993;759-775.
45. Moorman R.H., Niehoff B.P., Organ D.W. Treating employees fairly and organizational citizenship behavior: Sorting the effects of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and procedural j. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal. 6:1993;209-225.
46. Mowday R.T., Steers R.M., Porter L.W. The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 14:1979;224-247.
47. Niehoff B.P., Moorman R.H. Justice as a mediator of the relationship between methods of monitoring and organizational citizenship behavior. Academy of Management Journal. 36:1993;527-556.
48. Nunnally J. Psychometric theory. 2nd ed. 1978;McGraw-Hill, New York.
49. Organ D.W. Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. 1988;D.C. Heath, Lexington, MA.
50. Organ D.W. The motivational basis of organizational citizenship behavior. Staw B.M., Cummings L.L. Research in organizational behavior. Vol. 12:1990;43-72 JAI Press, Greenwich, CT.
51. Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B. A second generation measure of organizational citizenship behavior. 1989;Indiana University.
52. Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B. An examination of the psychometric properties and the nomological validity of some revised and reduced "substitutes for leadership" scales. Journal of Applied Psychology. 79:1994a;702-713.
53. Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B. Organizational citizenship behavior and sales unit effectiveness. Journal of Marketing Research. 31:1994b;351-363.
54. Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B., Moorman R.H., Fetter R. Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership Quarterly. 1:1990;107-142.
55. Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B., Fetter R. Substitutes for leadership and the management of professionals. Leadership Quarterly. 4:1993;1-44.
56. Podsakoff P.M., Niehoff B.P., MacKenzie S.B., Williams M.L. Do substitutes for leadership really substitute for leadership? An empirical examination of Kerr and Jermier's situational leadership model. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 54:1993;1-44.
57. Podsakoff P.M., Organ D.W. Self reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management. 12:1986;531-544.
58. Podsakoff P.M., Todor W.D., Grover R.A., Huber V.L. Situational moderators of leader reward and punishment behavior: Fact or fiction? Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. 34:1984;21-63.
59. Porter L.W., Steers R.M., Mowday R.T., Boulian P.V. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology. 59:1974;603-609.
60. Price J.L., Mueller C.W. Handbook of organizational measurement. 1986;Pittman, Marshfield, MA.
61. Rizzo J.R., House R.J., Lirtzman S.I. Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly. 15:1970;150-163.
62. Roberts N.C. Transforming leadership: A process of collective action. Human Relations. 38:1985;1023-1046.
63. Schuler R.S., Aldag R.J., Brief A.P. Role conflict and ambiguity: A scale analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. 20:1977;111-128.
64. Shamir B., House R.J., Arthur M.B. The motivational effects of charismatic leadership: A self concept based theory. Organization Science. 4:1993;1-17.
65. Sheridan J., Vredenburgh D., Abelson M. Contextual models of leadership influence in hospital units. Academy of Management Journal. 27:1984;57-78.
66. Stone E.F. Moderator variables in research: A review and analysis of conceptual and methodological issues. Rowland K.M., Ferris G.R. Research in personnel and human resources management. Vol. 6:1988;191-229 JAI Press, Greenwich, CT.
67. Stone E.F., Hollenbeck J.R. Some issues associated with the use of moderated regression. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. 34:1984;195-213.
68. Stone E.F., Hollenbeck J.R. Clarifying some controversial issues surrounding statistical procedures for detecting moderator variables: Empirical evidence and related matters. Journal of Applied Psychology. 74:1989;3-10.
69. Tansky J.W. Justice and organizational citizenship behavior: What is the relationship? Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal. 6:1993;195-207.
70. Tichy N., DeVanna M. The transformational leader. 1986;Wiley, New York.
71. Trice H.M., Beyer J.M. Charisma and its routinization in two social movement organizations. Staw B.M., Cummings L.L. Research in Organizational Behavior. Vol. 8:1986;113-164 JAI Press, Greenwich, CT.
72. Tucker L.R., Lewis C. The reliability coefficient for maximum-likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika. 38:1973;1-10.
73. Von Glinow M.A. The new professionals: Managing today's high-tech employees. 1988;Ballinger, Cambridge, MA.
74. Wanous J.P. A causal-correlational analysis of the job satisfaction and performance relationship. Journal of Applied Psychology. 59:1974;139-144.
75. Weiss D.J., Dawis R.V., England G.W., Lofquist L.H. Minnesota Studies in Vocational Rehabilitation. Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. XXII:1967;University of Minnesota, Industrial Relations Center Work Adjustment Project, Minneapolis.
76. Williams L.J. Affective and non-affective components of job satisfaction and organizational commitment as determinants as organizational citizenship and in-role beha. 1989;Indiana University, Bloomington, IN. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
77. Yukl G.A. Leadership in organizations. 2nd ed. 1989a;Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
78. Yukl G.A. Managerial leadership: A review of theory and research. Yearly Review of Management. 15:1989b;251-289.