The content of pre-competitive state anxiety in top and lower level of female gymnasts

Anxiety, Stress and Coping

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 19-31

  Bejek, Klara ^a   Hagtvet, Knut A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION   (Hungary)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

Author keywords

Gymnastic performance; Pre competitive state anxiety; Within and between group analysis

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030527545     PISSN: 10615806     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10615809608249390     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Carver, C.S., & Scheier, M.F. (1984). Self-focused attention in test anxiety: A general theory applied to a specific phenomenon. In H.M. van der Ploeg, R. Schwarzer, & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 3, pp. 3-20). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
2. Cattell, R.B., & Scheier, I.H. (1961). The meaning and measurement of neuroticism and anxiety. New York: Ronald Press.
3. Cronbach, L.J. (1971). Test validation. In R.L. Thorndile (Ed.), Educational measurement. (2nd ed., pp. 443-507). Washington, DC: American Council on Education.
4. Hackfort, D., & Speilberger, C.D. (Eds.) (1989). Anxiety in sports: An international perspective. New York: Hemisphere.
5. Hagtvet, K.A. (1984). Frear of failure, worry and emotionality: Their suggestive causal relationships to mathematical performance and state anxiety. In H.M. van der Ploeg, R. Schwarzer, & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 3, pp. 211-224). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
6. Hagtvet, K.A. (1985). A three-dimensional test anxiety construct. In J.J. Sanchezs-Sosa (Ed.), Health and clinical psychology (pp. 109-134). Amsterdam: North Holland.
7. Hagtvet, K.A., & Halpern, E. (1992). A dimensional analysis of a pictorial experimental paradigm measuring childrens' developmental anxieties. In K.A. Hagtvet & T.B. Johnsen (Eds.), Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 7, pp. 175-192). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
8. Hagtvet, K.A., & Hellesöy, O.H. (1988, July). A methodology for studying the item intensity specificity hypothesis in measures of anxiety. Paper presented at the 8th International Conference for the Society for Test Anxiety Research, Padua, Italy.
9. Hagtvet, K.A., & Hunstad, E. (1987). The influence of anxiety on accuracy and speed of reading performance. In R. Schwarzer, H.M. van der Ploeg, & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 5, pp. 137-146). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
10. Hagtvet, K.A., & Renmin, Y. (1994). Anxiety in a time-based performance process. Paper submitted for publication.
11. Hanin, Y.L. (1989). Interpersonal and intragroup anxiety in sports. In D. Hackfort & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Anxiety in sport: An international perspective (pp. 19-28). New York: Hemisphere.
12. Hanin, Y.L. (1994, July). Does the STAI measure only anxiety? Paper presented at the 15th STAR International Conference, Madrid, Spain.
13. Hardy, L. (1990). A catastrophe model of performance in sport. In J.G. Jones & L. Hardy (Eds.), Stress and performance in sport (pp. 81-106). New York: Wiley.
14. Heinrich, D.L., & Speilberger, C.D. (1982). Anxiety and complex learning. In H.W. Krohne & L. Laux (Eds.), Achievement, stress and anxiety (pp. 145-165). Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
15. Hodapp, V. (1982), Causal inference from non-experimental research on anxiety and educational achievement. In H.W. Krohne & L. Laux (Eds.), Achievement, stress and anxiety (pp. 355-372). Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
16. Hodapp, V. (1991). Das Prufungsangstlichkeitsinventar TAI-G: Eine erweiterte und modifizierte Version mit vier Komponenten. [The Test Anxiety Inventory TAI-G: An expanded and modified version with four components]. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 5, 121-130.
17. Jones, G., Swain, A., & L. Hardy (1993). Intensity and direction dimensions of competitive state anxiety and relationships with performance. Journal of Sport Sciences, 11, 525-532.
18. Liebert, R.M., & Morris, L.W. (1967). Cognitive and emotional components of test anxiety: A distinction and some initial data. Psychological Reports, 20, 975-978.
19. Man, F., Stuchlikova, I., & Kindlmann, P. (1995). Trait-state anxiety, worry, emotionality, and self-confidence in top-level soccer players. The Sport Psychologist, 9, 213-225.
20. Martens, R., Vealey, R.S., & Burton, D. (1990). Competitive anxiety in sport. Champaigne, IL: Human Kinetics Books.
21. Meijer, J., & Elshout, J.J. (1994, July). Offering help and the relationship between test anxiety and mathematics performance. Paper presented at the 15th STAR International Conference, Madrid, Spain.
22. Moorman, P.P., & Knoop, A. van der (1989). Stress responses and ice dancing performance. In R. Schwarzer, H.M. van der Ploeg, & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 6, pp. 121-135). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
23. Morris, L.W., Davis, M.A., & Hutchings, C.H. (1981). Cognitive and emotional components of anxiety. Literature review and a revised worry-emotionality scale. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73, 541-555.
24. Ploeg, H.M. van der, Schwarzer, R., & Spielberger, C.D. (Eds.) (1983). Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 2). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
25. Ploeg, H.M. van der, Schwarzer, R., & Spielberger, C.D. (Eds.) (1984). Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 3). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
26. Ploeg, H.M. van der, Schwarzer, R., & Spielberger, C.D. (Eds.) (1985). Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 4). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
27. Sanderson, F. (1989). Analysis of anxiety levels in sport. In D. Hackfort, & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Anxiety in sports: An international perspective (pp. 39-54). New York: Hemisphere.
28. Sarason, S.B. (1950). The test situation and the problem of prediction. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 6, 307-392.
29. Schwarzer, R., Ploeg, H.M. van der, & Spielberger, C.D. (Eds.) (1982). Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 1). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
30. Schwarzer, R., Ploeg, H.M. van der, & Spielberger, C.D. (Eds.) (1987). Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 5). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
31. Schwarzer, R., Ploeg, H.M. van der, & Spielberger, C.D. (Eds.) (1989). Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 6). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
32. Schwarzer, R., Seipp, B., & Schwarzer, C. (1989). Mathematics performance and anxiety: A metaanalysis. In R. Schwarzer, H.M. van der Ploeg. & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 6, pp. 105-119). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
33. Sipos, K. (1991). The Hungarian version of the Competitive State Anxiety Scale. Budapest: The Hungarian University of Physical Education.
34. Sipos, K., & Sipos, M. (1983). The development and validation of the Hungarian form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. In C.D. Spielberger & R. Diaz-Guerrero (Eds.). Cross-cultural anxiety (Vol. 2, pp. 27-39). Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
35. Spence, K.W. (1958). A theory of emotionally based drive (D) and its relation to performance in simple learning situations. American Psychologist, 13, 131-141.
36. Spielberger, C.D. (1966). Anxiety and behavior. New York: Academic Press.
37. Spielberger, C.D. (1972). Anxiety as an emotional state. In C.D. Spielberger (Ed.), Anxiety: Current trends in theory and research (Vol. 1, pp. 481-493). New York: Academic Press.
38. Spielberger, C.D. (1980). Test Anxiety Inventory: Preliminary professional manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.
39. Spielberger, C.D. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI form Y). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
40. Spielberger, C.D., Anton, W.D., & Bedell, J. (1976). The nature and treatment of test anxiety. In M. Zuckerman & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Emotions and anxiety: New concepts, methods, and applications (pp. 317-345). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
41. Spielberger, C.D., Vagg, P.R., Barker, L.R., Donham, G.W., & Westberry, L.G. (1980). The factor structure of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. In I.G. Sarason & C.D. Spielberger (Eds.), Stress and anxiety (Vol. 1, pp. 95-109) Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
42. Topman, R.M., Kleijn, W.C, Ploeg, H.M. van der, & Massel, E.A. (1992). Test anxiety, cognitions, study habits and academic performance: A prospective study. In K.A. Hagtvet & T.B. Johnsen (Eds.), Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 7, pp. 239-258). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
43. Vagg, P.R., Spielberger, C.D., & O'Hearn, T.P., Jr. (1980). Is the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory multidimensional? Personality and Individual Differences, 1, 207-214.