Redefining the status of the librarian in higher education

College and Research Libraries

Volumn 57, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 113-121

  Crowley, Bill ^a  

^a OHIO UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030526421     PISSN: 00100870     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5860/crl_57_02_113     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. See Edward G. Holley, "Defining the Academic Librarian," College & Research Libraries 46 (Nov. 1985): 462-68; Irene B. Hoadley, Sheila Creth, and Herbert S. White, "Reactions to 'Defining the Academic Librarian'" College & Research Libraries 46 (Nov. 1985): 469-77; and Allen B. Veaner, "Paradigm Lost, Paradigm Regained? A Persistent Personnel Issue in Academic Librarianship, II," College & Research Libraries 55 (Sept. 1994): 389-402. A summary of the results of various studies of faculty perceptions of the librarian may be found in Robert T. Ivey, "Teaching Faculty Perceptions of Academic Librarians at Memphis State University," College & Research Libraries 55 (Jan. 1994): 69-82.
2. See Edward G. Holley, "Defining the Academic Librarian," College & Research Libraries 46 (Nov. 1985): 462-68; Irene B. Hoadley, Sheila Creth, and Herbert S. White, "Reactions to 'Defining the Academic Librarian'" College & Research Libraries 46 (Nov. 1985): 469-77; and Allen B. Veaner, "Paradigm Lost, Paradigm Regained? A Persistent Personnel Issue in Academic Librarianship, II," College & Research Libraries 55 (Sept. 1994): 389-402. A summary of the results of various studies of faculty perceptions of the librarian may be found in Robert T. Ivey, "Teaching Faculty Perceptions of Academic Librarians at Memphis State University," College & Research Libraries 55 (Jan. 1994): 69-82.
3. See Edward G. Holley, "Defining the Academic Librarian," College & Research Libraries 46 (Nov. 1985): 462-68; Irene B. Hoadley, Sheila Creth, and Herbert S. White, "Reactions to 'Defining the Academic Librarian'" College & Research Libraries 46 (Nov. 1985): 469-77; and Allen B. Veaner, "Paradigm Lost, Paradigm Regained? A Persistent Personnel Issue in Academic Librarianship, II," College & Research Libraries 55 (Sept. 1994): 389-402. A summary of the results of various studies of faculty perceptions of the librarian may be found in Robert T. Ivey, "Teaching Faculty Perceptions of Academic Librarians at Memphis State University," College & Research Libraries 55 (Jan. 1994): 69-82.
4. See Edward G. Holley, "Defining the Academic Librarian," College & Research Libraries 46 (Nov. 1985): 462-68; Irene B. Hoadley, Sheila Creth, and Herbert S. White, "Reactions to 'Defining the Academic Librarian'" College & Research Libraries 46 (Nov. 1985): 469-77; and Allen B. Veaner, "Paradigm Lost, Paradigm Regained? A Persistent Personnel Issue in Academic Librarianship, II," College & Research Libraries 55 (Sept. 1994): 389-402. A summary of the results of various studies of faculty perceptions of the librarian may be found in Robert T. Ivey, "Teaching Faculty Perceptions of Academic Librarians at Memphis State University," College & Research Libraries 55 (Jan. 1994): 69-82.
5. Jacquelin Marie Page, "The Pursuit of Professional Identity for Librarianship within American Higher Education: A Study of Educational Programs and Work Requirements in Socialization for Academic Identity in the 1980s" (Ph.D. diss., Saint Louis University, 1990), 249-61.
6. William A. Crowley Jr., "A Draft Research Model of the Research University Library: Exploring the Scholar Librarian Partnership of Jaroslav Pelikan in The Idea of the University: A Reexamination" (Ph.D. diss., Ohio University, 1995), 125-56, 217.
7. See Charles R McClure and Peter Hernon, eds., Library and Information Science Research: Perspectives and Strategies for Improvement (Norwood, N.J.: Ablex Publishing, 1991).
8. Jeffrey N. Gatten, "Paradigm Restrictions on Interdisciplinary Research into Librarianship," College & Research Libraries 52 (Nov. 1991): 575-84.
9. George Keller, &Trees without Fruit: The Problem with Research about Higher Education,& Change 17, no. 1 (Jan./Feb. 1985): 7-10.
10. See Association for the Study of Higher Education, ASHE Membership and Higher Education Program Faculty Directory (College Station, Texas: ASHE, 1995); James L. Bess, Foundations of American Education: An ASHE Reader (Needham Heights, Mass.: Ginn Pr., 1991); Keller, "Trees Without Fruit," 7-10; and Lee M. Wolfle, "Prestige in American Universities," Research in Higher Education 18 (1983): 455-72.
11. See Association for the Study of Higher Education, ASHE Membership and Higher Education Program Faculty Directory (College Station, Texas: ASHE, 1995); James L. Bess, Foundations of American Education: An ASHE Reader (Needham Heights, Mass.: Ginn Pr., 1991); Keller, "Trees Without Fruit," 7-10; and Lee M. Wolfle, "Prestige in American Universities," Research in Higher Education 18 (1983): 455-72.
12. See Association for the Study of Higher Education, ASHE Membership and Higher Education Program Faculty Directory (College Station, Texas: ASHE, 1995); James L. Bess, Foundations of American Education: An ASHE Reader (Needham Heights, Mass.: Ginn Pr., 1991); Keller, "Trees Without Fruit," 7-10; and Lee M. Wolfle, "Prestige in American Universities," Research in Higher Education 18 (1983): 455-72.
13. See Association for the Study of Higher Education, ASHE Membership and Higher Education Program Faculty Directory (College Station, Texas: ASHE, 1995); James L. Bess, Foundations of American Education: An ASHE Reader (Needham Heights, Mass.: Ginn Pr., 1991); Keller, "Trees Without Fruit," 7-10; and Lee M. Wolfle, "Prestige in American Universities," Research in Higher Education 18 (1983): 455-72.
14. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, A Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, 1994 ed. (Princeton, N.J.: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 1994).
15. Burton R. Clark, The Academic Life: Small Worlds, Different Worlds (Princeton, N.J.: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 1987).
16. Jon Cohen, "The Culture of Credit," Science 268, no. 5218 (23 June 1995): 1706-11.
17. See William James, "The Ph.D. Octopus," in Memories and Studies (New York: Greenwood Pr., 1968), 329-47; Paul D. Isaac, Stephen V. Quinlan, and Mindy M. Walker, "Faculty Perceptions of the Doctoral Dissertation," Journal of Higher Education 63 (May/June 1992): 241-68; A. Clay Schoenfeld and Robert Magnan, Mentor in a Manual: Climbing the Academic Ladder to Tenure, 2d ed. (Madison, Wisc.: Magna Publications, 1994); and Theodore Ziolkowski, "The Ph.D. Squid," American Scholar 59 (spring 1990):177-95.
18. See William James, "The Ph.D. Octopus," in Memories and Studies (New York: Greenwood Pr., 1968), 329-47; Paul D. Isaac, Stephen V. Quinlan, and Mindy M. Walker, "Faculty Perceptions of the Doctoral Dissertation," Journal of Higher Education 63 (May/June 1992): 241-68; A. Clay Schoenfeld and Robert Magnan, Mentor in a Manual: Climbing the Academic Ladder to Tenure, 2d ed. (Madison, Wisc.: Magna Publications, 1994); and Theodore Ziolkowski, "The Ph.D. Squid," American Scholar 59 (spring 1990):177-95.
19. See William James, "The Ph.D. Octopus," in Memories and Studies (New York: Greenwood Pr., 1968), 329-47; Paul D. Isaac, Stephen V. Quinlan, and Mindy M. Walker, "Faculty Perceptions of the Doctoral Dissertation," Journal of Higher Education 63 (May/June 1992): 241-68; A. Clay Schoenfeld and Robert Magnan, Mentor in a Manual: Climbing the Academic Ladder to Tenure, 2d ed. (Madison, Wisc.: Magna Publications, 1994); and Theodore Ziolkowski, "The Ph.D. Squid," American Scholar 59 (spring 1990):177-95.
20. See William James, "The Ph.D. Octopus," in Memories and Studies (New York: Greenwood Pr., 1968), 329-47; Paul D. Isaac, Stephen V. Quinlan, and Mindy M. Walker, "Faculty Perceptions of the Doctoral Dissertation," Journal of Higher Education 63 (May/June 1992): 241-68; A. Clay Schoenfeld and Robert Magnan, Mentor in a Manual: Climbing the Academic Ladder to Tenure, 2d ed. (Madison, Wisc.: Magna Publications, 1994); and Theodore Ziolkowski, "The Ph.D. Squid," American Scholar 59 (spring 1990):177-95.
21. See Richard M. Dougherty and Ann P Dougherty, "The Academic Library: A Time of Crisis, Change, and Opportunity," Journal of Academic Librarianship 18 (Jan. 1993): 342-46; Richard M. Dougherty and Carol Hughes, Preferred Futures for Libraries: A Summary of Six Workshops with University Provosts and Library Directors (Mountain View, Calif.: Research Libraries Group, 1991); Eldred Smith, The Librarian, the Scholar, and the Future of the Research Library (New York: Greenwood Pr., 1990); and Eldred Smith and Peggy Johnson, "How to Survive the Present While Preparing for the Future: A Research Library Strategy," College & Research Libraries 54 (Sept. 1993): 389-96.
22. See Richard M. Dougherty and Ann P Dougherty, "The Academic Library: A Time of Crisis, Change, and Opportunity," Journal of Academic Librarianship 18 (Jan. 1993): 342-46; Richard M. Dougherty and Carol Hughes, Preferred Futures for Libraries: A Summary of Six Workshops with University Provosts and Library Directors (Mountain View, Calif.: Research Libraries Group, 1991); Eldred Smith, The Librarian, the Scholar, and the Future of the Research Library (New York: Greenwood Pr., 1990); and Eldred Smith and Peggy Johnson, "How to Survive the Present While Preparing for the Future: A Research Library Strategy," College & Research Libraries 54 (Sept. 1993): 389-96.
23. See Richard M. Dougherty and Ann P Dougherty, "The Academic Library: A Time of Crisis, Change, and Opportunity," Journal of Academic Librarianship 18 (Jan. 1993): 342-46; Richard M. Dougherty and Carol Hughes, Preferred Futures for Libraries: A Summary of Six Workshops with University Provosts and Library Directors (Mountain View, Calif.: Research Libraries Group, 1991); Eldred Smith, The Librarian, the Scholar, and the Future of the Research Library (New York: Greenwood Pr., 1990); and Eldred Smith and Peggy Johnson, "How to Survive the Present While Preparing for the Future: A Research Library Strategy," College & Research Libraries 54 (Sept. 1993): 389-96.
24. See Richard M. Dougherty and Ann P Dougherty, "The Academic Library: A Time of Crisis, Change, and Opportunity," Journal of Academic Librarianship 18 (Jan. 1993): 342-46; Richard M. Dougherty and Carol Hughes, Preferred Futures for Libraries: A Summary of Six Workshops with University Provosts and Library Directors (Mountain View, Calif.: Research Libraries Group, 1991); Eldred Smith, The Librarian, the Scholar, and the Future of the Research Library (New York: Greenwood Pr., 1990); and Eldred Smith and Peggy Johnson, "How to Survive the Present While Preparing for the Future: A Research Library Strategy," College & Research Libraries 54 (Sept. 1993): 389-96.
25. Oscar Handlin, "Libraries and Learning," American Scholar 56 (spring 1987): 218.
26. Robert K. Merton, Social Theory and Social Structure, rev. and enl. (New York: Free Pr., 1968), 341.
27. Clark, The Academic Life, 150-52.
28. See Mary Biggs, "Sources of Tension and Conflict Between Librarians and Faculty," Journal of Higher Education 52 (Mar./Apr. 1981):182-201; Rebecca Kellogg, "Beliefs and Realities," College & Research Libraries News 47 (Sept. 1986): 492-96; Robert F. Munn, "The Bottomless Pit, or the Academic Library as Viewed from the Administration Building," College & Research Libraries 50 (Nov. 1989): 635-37. Reprinted from College & Research Libraries (Jan. 1968): 51-54; and Paul Olum, "Myths and Realities: The Academic Viewpoint I," College & Research Libraries 45 (Sept. 1984): 362-66.
29. See Mary Biggs, "Sources of Tension and Conflict Between Librarians and Faculty," Journal of Higher Education 52 (Mar./Apr. 1981):182-201; Rebecca Kellogg, "Beliefs and Realities," College & Research Libraries News 47 (Sept. 1986): 492-96; Robert F. Munn, "The Bottomless Pit, or the Academic Library as Viewed from the Administration Building," College & Research Libraries 50 (Nov. 1989): 635-37. Reprinted from College & Research Libraries (Jan. 1968): 51-54; and Paul Olum, "Myths and Realities: The Academic Viewpoint I," College & Research Libraries 45 (Sept. 1984): 362-66.
30. See Mary Biggs, "Sources of Tension and Conflict Between Librarians and Faculty," Journal of Higher Education 52 (Mar./Apr. 1981):182-201; Rebecca Kellogg, "Beliefs and Realities," College & Research Libraries News 47 (Sept. 1986): 492-96; Robert F. Munn, "The Bottomless Pit, or the Academic Library as Viewed from the Administration Building," College & Research Libraries 50 (Nov. 1989): 635-37. Reprinted from College & Research Libraries (Jan. 1968): 51-54; and Paul Olum, "Myths and Realities: The Academic Viewpoint I," College & Research Libraries 45 (Sept. 1984): 362-66.
31. See Mary Biggs, "Sources of Tension and Conflict Between Librarians and Faculty," Journal of Higher Education 52 (Mar./Apr. 1981):182-201; Rebecca Kellogg, "Beliefs and Realities," College & Research Libraries News 47 (Sept. 1986): 492-96; Robert F. Munn, "The Bottomless Pit, or the Academic Library as Viewed from the Administration Building," College & Research Libraries 50 (Nov. 1989): 635-37. Reprinted from College & Research Libraries (Jan. 1968): 51-54; and Paul Olum, "Myths and Realities: The Academic Viewpoint I," College & Research Libraries 45 (Sept. 1984): 362-66.
32. See Mary Biggs, "Sources of Tension and Conflict Between Librarians and Faculty," Journal of Higher Education 52 (Mar./Apr. 1981):182-201; Rebecca Kellogg, "Beliefs and Realities," College & Research Libraries News 47 (Sept. 1986): 492-96; Robert F. Munn, "The Bottomless Pit, or the Academic Library as Viewed from the Administration Building," College & Research Libraries 50 (Nov. 1989): 635-37. Reprinted from College & Research Libraries (Jan. 1968): 51-54; and Paul Olum, "Myths and Realities: The Academic Viewpoint I," College & Research Libraries 45 (Sept. 1984): 362-66.
33. Jacques Barzun, "The Scholar Looks at the Library," College & Research Libraries 7 (Apr. 1946): 116. See also Jacques Barzun, "The New Librarian to the Rescue," Library Journal 94 (1 Nov. 1969): 3963-65.
34. Jacques Barzun, "The Scholar Looks at the Library," College & Research Libraries 7 (Apr. 1946): 116. See also Jacques Barzun, "The New Librarian to the Rescue," Library Journal 94 (1 Nov. 1969): 3963-65.
35. Jacques Barzun, The American University: How It Runs, Where It Is Going, 2d ed. (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Pr., 1993), 198.
36. Frank Newman, Higher Education and the American Resurgence (Princeton, N.J.: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 1985).
37. Ibid., 152.
38. Crowley, "Draft Research Model of the Research University Library," 196-97.
39. Marcia J. Myers and Paula T. Kaufman, "ARL Directors: Two Decades of Changes," College & Research Libraries 52 (May 1991): 241-54. Determination of how lower educational standards for directors "diffused" within the ARL membership requires an extended - and well-financed-analysis of the composition of candidate pools, the deliberative processes of search committees, and the motivations of university provosts and presidents. As such, it is beyond the scope of this consideration.
40. Charles A. Schwartz, "The Strength of Weak Ties in Electronic Development of the Scholarly Communications System," College & Research Libraries 55 (Nov. 1994): 530. An essential, if aging, summary of the librarian's role in scientific communications is found in William D. Garvey, Communication: The Essence of Science (Oxford: Pergamon Pr., 1979), 126. For summaries of research on information/innovation diffusion, see Everett M. Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations, 4th ed. (New York: Free Pr., 1995).
41. Charles A. Schwartz, "The Strength of Weak Ties in Electronic Development of the Scholarly Communications System," College & Research Libraries 55 (Nov. 1994): 530. An essential, if aging, summary of the librarian's role in scientific communications is found in William D. Garvey, Communication: The Essence of Science (Oxford: Pergamon Pr., 1979), 126. For summaries of research on information/innovation diffusion, see Everett M. Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations, 4th ed. (New York: Free Pr., 1995).
42. Charles A. Schwartz, "The Strength of Weak Ties in Electronic Development of the Scholarly Communications System," College & Research Libraries 55 (Nov. 1994): 530. An essential, if aging, summary of the librarian's role in scientific communications is found in William D. Garvey, Communication: The Essence of Science (Oxford: Pergamon Pr., 1979), 126. For summaries of research on information/innovation diffusion, see Everett M. Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations, 4th ed. (New York: Free Pr., 1995).
43. Bruce R. Kingma and Gillian M. McCombs, "The Opportunity Costs of Faculty Status for Academic Librarians," College & Research Libraries 56 (May 1995): 258.
44. Robert J. Branham, "Roads Not Taken: Counterplans and Opportunity Costs," Argumentation and Advocacy 25 (spring 1989): 254.
45. See Association of College and Research Libraries, "Statement on the Certification and Licensing of Academic Librarians" (Chicago: ACRL, 1989); and Council of Graduate Schools, A Policy Statement: The Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Washington, D.C.: Council of Graduate Schools, 1990).
46. See Association of College and Research Libraries, "Statement on the Certification and Licensing of Academic Librarians" (Chicago: ACRL, 1989); and Council of Graduate Schools, A Policy Statement: The Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Washington, D.C.: Council of Graduate Schools, 1990).
47. Crowley, "Draft Research Model of the Research University Library," 125-58.
48. For a consideration of failed techni :al solutions in situations requiring changes in values, see Garrett Hardin, "The Tragedy of the Commons," Science 162, no. 3859 (13 Dec. 1968): 1243-48.
49. See Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations, 209; and "The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy," in Merton's Social Theory and Social Structure, 475-90.
50. See Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations, 209; and "The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy," in Merton's Social Theory and Social Structure, 475-90.
51. See Jonathan R. Cole, "Balancing Acts: Dilemmas of Choice Facing Research Universities," Daedalus 122 (fall 1993): 1-36; and Donald Kennedy, "Making Choices in the Research University," Daedalus 122 (fall 1993): 127-56.
52. See Jonathan R. Cole, "Balancing Acts: Dilemmas of Choice Facing Research Universities," Daedalus 122 (fall 1993): 1-36; and Donald Kennedy, "Making Choices in the Research University," Daedalus 122 (fall 1993): 127-56.