Self-employment and dynamic capitalism

Journal of Labor Research

Volumn 17, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 627-643

  Kirchhoff, Bruce A ^a  

^a NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030523763     PISSN: 01953613     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF02685804     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Andrew S. Grow, "A High-Tech CEO Updates His Views on Managing and Careers," Fortune, September 18, 1995, p. 229.
2. For example, see John K. Galbraith, The New Industrial State (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1967).
3. David L. Birch, "The Job Generation Process," unpublished report prepared by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Program on Neighborhood and Regional Change for the Economic Development Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., 1979.
4. For a thorough description of such programs, see Steven Balkin, Self-Employment for Low-Income People (Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1989).
5. Bruce A. Kirchhoff, Entrepreneurship and Dynamic Capitalism (Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1994), p. 122.
6. Ibid., p. 173.
7. This section is drawn from Ibid., pp. 57-82.
8. U.S. Small Business Administration, The State of Small Business: 1992 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1992), p. 148.
9. Ibid., p. 145.
10. Balkin, Self-Employment for Low-Income People, pp. 17-25.
11. Ibid., pp. 15-16.
12. George Steinmetz and Erik Olin Wright. "The Fall and Rise of the Petty Bourgeoisie: Changing Patterns of Self-Employment in the Postwar United States," American Journal of Sociology 94 (March 1989), pp. 974-80.
13. Ibid., p. 974.
14. In today's, economy, it is probably more appropriate to speak of pure petty bourgeoisie acquiring subcontractors, but that is a subject of another paper.
15. U.S. Small Business Administration, The State of Small Business: 1992, p. 148.
16. This section is drawn from Kirchhoff, Entrepreneurship and Dynamic Capitalism, pp. 171-96.
17. Statistics are from U.S. Small Business Administration, The State of Small Business: 1992, p. 148.
18. For a discussion of survival rates and distortions due to statistical data, see Kirchhoff, Entrepreneurship and Dynamic Capitalism, chapter 8.
19. This section is taken from Ibid., pp. 153-169.
20. Ibid., pp. 99-131.
21. Ibid., p. 167.
22. For example IRS allows corporations to deduct payments for life and health insurance benefits from their earnings prior to paying taxes on earnings. Sole proprietors and partnerships may only deduct one third of their payments for life and health insurance.
23. Steinmetz and Wright, "The Fall and Rise of the Petty Bourgeoisie," p. 989.
24. Ibid., p. 1007.
25. Ibid., pp. 1007-1008.
26. David S. Evans and Linda S. Leighton, "Small-Business Formation by Unemployed Workers, A Report Prepared for the Office of Advocacy," U.S. Small Business Administration, SBA-2102-AER-87, January, 1989.
27. Paul D. Reynolds and Sammis White, 1993, "Wisconsin's Entrepreneurial Climate Study," Milwaukee, Wisc.: Marquette University Center for the Study of Entrepreneurship. A report prepared for the Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority.
28. Paul D. Reynolds, "The National Study of U.S. Business Start Ups: Background and Progress Report," presented at the Conference on Dynamics of Employment and Industry Evolution, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany, January, 1995.
29. Ibid., p. 7
30. For example, see Arnold C. Cooper, William C. Dunkleberg, Carolyn Y. Woo, and William J. Dennis, Jr., New Business in America: The Firms and Their Owners (Washington, D.C.: National Federation of Independent Business, 1990).