Volatile and dislodgeable residues following trichlorfon and isazofos application to turfgrass and implications for human exposure

Crop Science

Volumn 36, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 1446-1454

  Murphy, K C ^a   Cooper, R J ^b   Clark, J M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

^b NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030512523     PISSN: 0011183X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600060004x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (28)

1. Akhtar, M.H. 1982. Fate of trichlorfon in buffer and soluble fraction (105 000g) from cow and chicken liver homogenates. J. Agric. Food Chem. 30:551-554.
2. Cooper, R J., J.J. Jenkins, and A.S. Curtis. 1990. Pendimethalin volatility following application to turfgrass. J. Environ. Qual. 19: 508-513.
3. Cox, C.L., L.L. Timmons, and R.L. Ridlen. 1989. Capillary gas chromatographic analysis of trichlorfon in dosed feed formulations. J. Anal. Toxicol. 13:84-88.
4. Chapman, R.A., and C.M. Cole. 1982. Observation on the influence of water and soil pH on the persistence of insecticides. J. Env. Sci. Health B17(5): 487-504.
5. Fenske, R. 1990. Nonuniform dermal deposition patterns during occupational exposure to pesticides. Arch. Env. Contam. Toxicol. 19:332-337.
6. Glotfelty, D.E., A.W. Taylor, B.C. Turner, and W.H. Zoller. 1984. Volatilization of surface-applied pesticides from fallow soil. J. Agric. Food Chem. 32.638-643.
7. Grover, R., S.R. Shewchuk, A.J. Cessna, and J.H. Hunter. 1985. Fate of 2,4-D Iso-octyl ester after application to a wheat field. J. Environ. Qual. 14:203-210.
8. Hartley, G. 1969. Evaporation of pesticides. p. 115-134. In R. Gould (ed.) Pesticidal formulations research: Physical and colloidal chemical aspects. Adv. Chem. Ser. 86. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.
9. Jenkins, J.J., R.J. Cooper, and A.S. Curtis. 1993. Two small-plot techniques for measuring airborne and dislodgeable residues of pendimethalin following application to turfgrass. p. 28-242. In K D. Racke and A.R. Leslie (ed.) Pesticides in urban environments. ACS Symposium Series 522. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.
10. Knaak, J., and Y Iwata. 1982. The safe levels concept and the rapid field method. p. 23-39. In J. Plimmer J. (ed.) Pesticide residue exposure. ACS Symposium Series 182. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.
11. Kilgore, W., C. Fischer, J. Rivers, J. Wicks, W.E. Winters, and W. Winterlin. 1984. Human exposure of DEF/merphos. Residue Rev. 91:71-77.
12. Majewski, M.S., D.E. Glotfelty, and J.N. Seiber. 1989. A comparison of the aerodynamic and the theoretical-profile-shape methods for measuring pesticide evaporation from Soil. Atmos. Environ. 23: 929-938.
13. Majewski, M.S., M.M. McChesney, and J.N. Seiber. 1991. A field comparison of two methods for measuring DCPA soil evaporation rates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10:301-311.
14. Murphy, K.C. 1994. The determination of volatile and dislodgeable residues from pesticide-treated turfgrass and an assessment of human exposure. Ph.D. Diss. University of Massachusetts, Amherst (Diss. Abstr. DAI-B 55/08 p. 3272).
15. Murphy, K.C., R.J. Cooper, and J.M. Clark. 1996. Volatile and dislodgeable residues following triadimefon and MCPP application to turfgrass and implications for human exposure. Crop Sci. 36: 1455-1461 (this issue).
16. Pesticide manual. 1987. A world compendium 8th ed. p. 1-1077 R. Worthing and S.B. Walker (ed.) The British Crop Protection Council, The Lavertham Press, Laventham, Suffolk, UK.
17. Sears, M.K., C. Bowhey, H. Braun, and G.R. Stephenson. 1987. Dislodgeable residues and persistence of diazinon chlorpyrifos, and isophenfos following their application to turfgrass. Pest. Sci. 20:223-231.
18. Spencer, W.F., and M.M. Cliath. 1977. The solid-air interface: Transfer if organic pollutants between the solid-air interface. p. 107-126. In L. Suffet (ed) Fate of pollutants in air and water environments. John Wiley and Sons, New York
19. Spencer, W.F., and M.M. Cliath. 1990. Movement of pesticides from soil to the atmosphere. p. 1-16. In Kurtz, D.A. (ed.) Long range transport of pesticides. Lewis Publ., Chelsea, MI.
20. Staten, G. 1946. Contamination of cotton fields by 2,4-D or hormone type weed sprays. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 38:536-544.
21. Taylor, A.W., D.E. Glotfelty, B.C. Turner, R.E. Silver, H.P. Freeman, and A. Weiss. 1977. Volatilization of dieldrin and heptachlor residues from field vegetation. J. Agric. Food Chem. 25:542-548.
22. Taylor, A.W. 1978. Podst-application volatilization of pesticides under field conditions. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 28:922-927.
23. Thompson, D.G., G.R. Stephenson, and M.K. Sears. 1984. Persistence, distribution and dislodgeable residues of 2,4-D following its application to turfgrass. Pest. Sci. 15:353-360.
24. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1989. Exposure factors handbook. Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC.
25. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1993 Office of Pesticide Programs Reference Dose Tracking Report. Washington, DC.
26. Wilson, J.D., V.R. Catchpoole, O.T. Denmead, and G.W. Thurtell. 1983 Verification of a simple micrometeorological method for estimating the rate of gaseous mass transfer from the ground to the atmosphere. Agric. Meteorol. 29:183-189
27. Wilson, J.D., G.W. Thurtell, G.E. Kidd, and E.G. Beauchamp. 1982. Estimation of the rate of gaseous mass transfer from a surface source plot to the atmosphere Atmos Environ 6:1861-1867.
28. Zweig, G., J.T. Leffingwell, and W. Popendorf 1985. The relationship between dermal pesticide exposure by fruit harvesters and dislodgeable foliar residues. Environ. Health. B20(1):27-59.