Archaeological and historical objects under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

Marine Policy

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 291-296

  Hayashi, Moritaka ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 0030511467     PISSN: 0308597X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0308-597X(96)00013-9     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. Entered into force on 16 November 1994. As at 24 April 1996, 87 States are Parties to the Convention.
2. The Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954), the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (1970), and the Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1972), all of which may be considered to apply to the internal waters and the territorial sea of their parties. See L Caflisch, 'Submarine Antiquities and the International Law of the Sea', Netherlands Yearbook of International Law, Vol 13, 1982, p 5. See also P M Migliorino, 'Submarine Antiquities and the Law of the Sea', Marine Policy Reports, Vol 4, 1982, p 4.
3. The Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954), the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (1970), and the Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1972), all of which may be considered to apply to the internal waters and the territorial sea of their parties. See L Caflisch, 'Submarine Antiquities and the International Law of the Sea', Netherlands Yearbook of International Law, Vol 13, 1982, p 5. See also P M Migliorino, 'Submarine Antiquities and the Law of the Sea', Marine Policy Reports, Vol 4, 1982, p 4.
4. UN documents A/AC.138/SC.I/L.16 (2 August 1972) and L.25* (14 August 1973).
5. UN document A/AC.138/SC.I/L21 (28 March 1973).
6. UN document A/CONF.62/WP.8/PART I (7 May 1975), article 19, reproduced in Official Records of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, Vol IV, p 140.
7. UN document A/CONF.62/WP.8/REV.1/ PART I, article 19, ibid, Vol V, p 131.
8. Caflisch, op cit, Ref 2, p 25.
9. See P O'Keefe and J Nafziger, The Draft Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage', Ocean Development and International Law, Vol 25, 1994, p 399, which reproduces the following view of the Committee on Cultural Heritage Law of the International Law Commission: As the maritime regime stands today, a shipwreck under the high seas, . . . is usually considered to be res derelictae. The principle of freedom of the seas is said to control, so that the laws of salvage and finds under the driot d'amirauté . . . generally apply. Although this extension of the freedom-of-the-seas principle is dubious, it must be taken seriously in the absence of any international law to the contrary, other than the 1982 LOS Convention.
10. Commentary to the articles concerning the law of the sea, article 68, paragraph 5. Yearbook of the International Law Commission, Vol II, 1956, p 298.
11. See D P O'Connell, The International Law of the Sea, Oxford, Clarendon Press, Vol II, 1984, p 918.
12. Informal document C.2/Informal Meeting/ 43 (16 August 1979), reproduced in R Platzöder, ed, Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea: Documents, Dobbs Ferry, NY, Oceana, Vol V, 1984, p 50.
13. Informal document C.2/Informal Meeting/ 43/Rev.3 (27 March 1980), ibid, p 51.
14. Informal document GP/4 (27 March 1980), ibid, Vol XII (1987), p 299.
15. Informal document GP/10 (18 August 1980), ibid, p 302.
16. Informal document GP/11 (19 August 1980), ibid, p 303.
17. See Caflisch, op cit, Ref 2, pp 25 and 31.