Collective identity and informal groups in revolutionary mobilization: East Germany in 1989

Social Forces

Volumn 75, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 91-118

  Pfaff, Steven ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030502664     PISSN: 00377732     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2580758     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Abbott, Andrew. 1992. "From Causes to Events: Notes on Narrative Positivism." Sociological Methods and Research. 20:428-55.
2. Abrams, Dominic, and Michael Hogg. 1990. "An Introduction to Social Identity Approach." Pp. 1-9 in Social Identity Theory, edited by Dominic Abrams and Michael Hogg. Springer.
3. Atkinson, Anthony and John Micklewright. 1992. Economic Transformation and the Distribution of Income. Cambridge University Press.
4. Berking, Helmut. 1994. "Everyday Life Politics in a Small GDR Town." Paper presented at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill "Courage and Conformity" conference, October 1994.
5. Best, Heinrich. 1990. "Nationale Verbundenheit und Entfremdung im zweistaatlichen Deutschland." Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 42/1:1-19.
6. Brewer, Marilynn, and Sherry Schneider. 1990. "Social Identity and Social Dilemmas: A Double-edged Sword." Pp. 169-84 in Social Identity Theory, edited by Dominic Abrams and Michael Hogg. Springer.
7. Boissevain, Jeremy. 1971. "Second Thoughts on Quasi-Groups, Categories and Coalitions." Man 6:468-72.
8. Braun, Norman. 1994. "Das Schwellenmodell und die Leipziger Montagsdemonstrationen." Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 46:482-500.
9. Calhoun, Craig. 1989. "The Beijing Spring, 1989." Dissent Fall 1989.
10. _. 1991. "The Problem of Identity in Collective Action." Pp. 51-75 in Macro-Micro Linkages in Sociology, edited by Jane Huber. Sage.
11. _. 1994. "Social Theory and the Politics of Identity." Pp. 9-36 in Social Theory and the Politics of Identity, edited by Craig Calhoun. Blackwell Press.
12. _. 1995. Critical Social Theory: Culture, History and the Challenge of Difference. Blackwell Press.
13. Chirot, Daniel. 1994. "The East European Revolutions of 1989." Pp. 165-80 in Revolutions: Theoretical, Comparative and Historical Studies, edited by Jack Goldstone. 2d ed. Harcourt Brace.
14. Cohen, Jean. 1985. "Strategy or Identity: New Theoretical Paradigms and Contemporary Social Movements." Social Research 52:663-716.
15. Cohen, Jean, and Anthony Arato. 1992. Civil Society and Political Theory. MIT Press.
16. Collins, Randall. 1993. "Maturation of the State-Centered Theory of Revolutions and Ideology." Sociological Theory 11:117-28.
17. Croan, Melvin. 1992. "Germany and Eastern Europe." Pp. 345-93 in The Columbia History of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century, edited by Joseph Held. Columbia University Press.
18. Csepeli, György, and Antal Örkény. 1992. "From Unjust Equality to Just Inequality." New Hungarian Quarterly 33:71-76.
19. Dalton, Russel, and Manfred Kuechler (eds.). 1990. Challenging the Political Order: New Social and Political Movements in Western Democracies. Polity Press.
20. Denitch, Bogdan. 1994. Ethnic Nationalism: The Tragic Death of Yugoslavia. University of Minnesota Press.
21. Denouex, Guillaume. 1993. Urban Unrest in the Middle East. SUNY Press.
22. Döhnert, Albrecht, and Paulus Rummel. 1990. "Die Leipziger Montagsdemonstrationen." Pp. 147-58 in Leipzig im Oktober: Kirchen und alternativen Gruppen im Umbruch der DDR, edited by Wolfgang-Jürgen Grabner. Wichern.
23. Emirbayer, Mustafa E., and Jeff Goodwin. 1994. "Network Analysis, Culture and the Problems of Agency." American Journal of Sociology 99:1411-54.
24. Foran, John. 1993. "Theories of Revolution Revisited: Toward A Fourth Generation." Sociological Theory 11:1-20.
25. Fulbrook, Mary. 1989. "From Volksgemeinschaft to Divided Nation: German National Identities and Political Cultures Since the Third Reich." Historical Research 62:191-213.
26. _. 1994. "Aspects of Society and Identity in the New Germany." Daedalus 123:211-34.
27. Goldstone, Jack. 1994a. "Why We Could (and Should) Have Foreseen the Revolutions of 1989-1991 in the U.S.S.R. and Eastern Europe." Contention 2:127-52.
28. _. 1994b. "Is Revolution Individually Rational?" Rationality and Society 6:139-66.
29. Goldstone, Jack, and Karl-Dieter Opp. 1994. "Rationality, Revolution and 1989 in Eastern Europe." Rationality and Society 6:5-7.
30. Goodwin, Jeff. 1994. "Toward a New Sociology of Revolutions." Theory and Society 23:731-66.
31. Gould, Roger V. 1991. "Multiple Networks and Mobilization in the Paris Commune." American Sociological Review 56:716-29.
32. _. 1995. Insurgent Identities: Class, Community and Protest in Paris from 1848 to the Commune. University of Chicago Press.
33. Granovetter, Mark. 1973. "The Strength of Weak Ties." American Journal of Sociology 78/6:1360-80.
34. _. 1978. "Threshold Models of Collective Behavior." American Journal of Sociology 83/6:1420-43.
35. Griffin, Larry J. 1992. "Temporality, Events and Explanations in Historical Sociology: An Introduction." Sociological Methods and Research 20:403-27.
36. Hechter, Michael. 1994. "Theoretical Implications of the Demise of State Socialism." Theory and Society 23:155-67.
37. Hirschman, Albert O. 1993. "Exit, Voice, and the Fate of the German Democratic Republic: An Essay in Conceptual History." World Politics 45:173-202.
38. Immerfall, Stefan. 1993. "Social Networks and Cultural Discount Rates: A Cross-National Discussion on the Community Question." Paper presented at the Third European Conference on Social Network Analysis, Munich.
39. Jarausch, Konrad. 1991. "The Failure of East German Antifascism: Some Ironies of History as Politics." German Studies Review 14:85-96.
40. _. 1994. The Rush to German Unity. Oxford.
41. Jenkins, J. Craig. 1983. "Resource Mobilization Theory and the Study of Social Movements." Annual Review of Sociology 9:527-53.
42. Joppke, Christian. 1995. "Intellectuals, Nationalism, and the Exit from Communism: The Case of East Germany." Comparative Studies in Society and History 37:213-41.
43. Klandermans, Bert. 1984. "Mobilization and Participation: Social-Psychological Expansions of Resource Mobilization Theory." American Sociological Review 49:583-600.
44. Klandermans, Bert, and Dirk Oegema. 1987. "Potentials, Networks, Motivations and Barriers: Steps towards Participation in Social Movements." American Sociological Review 52:519-31.
45. Knabe, Hubertus. 1988. "Neue soziale Bewegungen im Sozialismus. Zur Genesis alternativer politischer Orientierungen in der DDR." Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialspsychologie 40/3:551-69.
46. Koch, Willy, and Uwe Mathes. 1993. "Political-Cultural Aspects of the System Transformation." Pp. 137-52 in Political Culture in Germany, edited by Dirk Berg-Schlosser and Rolf Rytlewski. St. Martins.
47. Kuran, Timur. 1991. "Now Out of Never: The Element of Surprise in the East European Revolutions in 1989." World Politics 44/1:7-48.
48. _. 1995. "The Inevitability of Future Revolutionary Surprises." American Journal of Sociology 100/6:1528-51.
49. Krisch, Henry. 1986. "Changing Political Culture and Political Stability in the GDR." Studies in Comparative Communism 29/1:41-53.
50. Le Gloannec, Anne-Marie. 1994. "On German Identity." Daedalus 123/1:129-48.
51. Lipset, Seymor Martin, and Gyorgy Bence. 1994. "Anticipations of the failure of Communism." Theory and Society 23/2:169-210.
52. Ludes, Peter. 1993. "Journalismus als Klassenkampf: Fernsehnachrichten in der DDR." Pp. 43-51 in Von der Nachricht zur News Show. Wilhelm Fink.
53. Marcuse, Peter. 1991. Missing Marx: A Personal and Political Journal of a Year in East Germany, 1989-1990. Monthly Review Press.
54. Martin, Denis-Constant. 1995. "The Choices of Identity." Social Identity 1/1:5-19.
55. Mayer, Adrian C. 1966. "The Significance of Quasi-Groups in the Study of Complex Societies." Pp. 97-122 in The Social Anthropology of Complex Societies, edited by Michael Banton. Tavistock.
56. McAdam, Doug. 1986. "Recruitment to High-Risk Activism: The Case of the Freedom Summer." American Journal of Sociology 92:64-90.
57. McAdam, Doug, John D. McCarthy, and Mayer N. Zald. 1988. "Social Movements." Pp. 695-730 in Handbook of Sociology, edited by Neil J. Smelser. Sage.
58. McCarthy, John D., and Mayer N. Zald. 1977. "Resource Mobilization and Social Movements." American Journal of Sociology 82:1112-41.
59. Moazami, Behrooz. 1995. "Bringing Social History Back In: A Critique of Invariant Models of Revolution." Paper presented at the New School for Social Research Tenth Anniversary Conference on Historical Studies, spring 1995.
60. Neues Forum Leipzig. 1990. Jetzt oder Nie - Demokratie. Leipziger Herbst '89. Bertelsmann.
61. _. 1991. Von Leipzig nach Deutschland. Leipzig: Forum Verlag.
62. Niethammer, Lutz. 1990. "Das Volk der DDR und die Revolution." Pp. 251-79 in Wir Sind das Volk, edited by Charles Schüddekopf. Rowohlt.
63. Oberschall, Anthony. 1973. Social Conflict and Social Movements. Prentice Hall.
64. _. 1994. "Protest Demonstrations and the End of Communist Regimes in 1989." Research in Social Movements, Conflict and Change. Vol. 17, edited by Louis Kriesberg, Michael Dobkowski, and Isidor Walliman. JAI Press.
65. Offe, Claus. 1990. "Reflections on the Institutional Self-Transformation of Movement Politics: A Tentative Stage Model." Pp. 233-50 in Challenging the Political Order, edited by Russel Dalton and Manfred Kuechler. Polity.
66. Opp, Karl-Dieter. 1991. "DDR '89. Zu den Ursachen einer spontanen Revolution." Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 43:302-19.
67. _. 1992. "Spontaneous Revolutions. The Case of East Germany in 1989." Pp. 11-30 in United Germany and the New Europe, edited by Heinz Kurz. Elgar.
68. _. 1994. "Repression and Revolutionary Action: East Germany in 1989." Rationality and Society 6:101-38.
69. Opp, Karl-Dieter, and Christiane Gern. 1993. "Dissident Groups, Personal Networks and Spontaneous Cooperation: The East German Revolution of 1989." American Sociological Review 58:659-80.
70. Opp, Karl-Dieter, Peter Voß, and Christiane Gern. 1993. Die Volkseigene Revolution. Klett-Cotta.
71. Pakulski, Jan. 1993. "Mass Social Movements and Social Class." International Sociology 8/2:131-57.
72. Philipsen, Dirk. 1993. We Were the People: Voices from East Germany's Revolutionary Autumn of 1989. Duke University Press.
73. Plato, Alexander von. 1993. "An Unfamiliar Germany: Some Remarks on the Past and Present Relationships Between East and West Germans." Oral History 21:35-42.
74. Pollack, Detlef. 1990. "Außenseiter oder Represäsentanten? Zur Rolle der politisch alternativen Gruppen." Deutschland Archiv 23:1216-23.
75. Pond, Elizabeth. 1993. Beyond the Wall: Germany's Road to Unification. Brookings Institute.
76. Przeworski, Adam. 1991. Democracy and the Market. Cambridge University Press.
77. _. 1991. "The 'East' Becomes the 'South'? The 'Autumn of the People' and the Future of Eastern Europe." PS: Political Science and Politics 24:20-4.
78. Ragin, Charles. 1989. "New Directions in Comparative Research." In Cross-National Research in Sociology, edited by Melvin L. Kohn. Sage.
79. Rink, Dieter, and Michael Hofmann. 1991. "Oppositionelle Gruppen und alternative Milieus in Leipzig im Prozeß der Umgestaltung in Ostdeutschland." Deutschland Archiv 24/9:940-49.
80. Saleebey, Dennis. 1994. "Culture, Theory and Narrative: The Intersection of Meanings in Practice." Social Work 39:351-9.
81. Schneider, Wolfgang. 1990. Leipziger Demontagebuch. Weimar & Kipenheur.
82. Scott, Alan. 1990. Ideology and the New Social Movements. Unwin Hyman.
83. Scott, James C. 1990. Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. Yale University Press.
84. Skocpol, Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolutions. Cambridge University Press.
85. Smith, Helmut Walser. 1991. "Socialism and Nationalism in the East German Revolution, 1898-1990." East European Politics and Societies 5:234-46.
86. Snow, David A., Louis A. Zurcher, and Sheldon Ekland-Olson. 1980. "Social Networks and Social Movements: A Microstructural Approach to Differential Recruitment." American Sociological Review 45:787-801.
87. Snow, David A., E. Burke Rochford Jr., Steven K. Worden, and Robert D. Benford. 1986. "Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation." American Sociological Review 51:464-81.
88. Somers, Margaret, and Gloria Gibson. 1994. "Reclaiming the Epistemological 'Other': Narrative and the Social Constitution of Identity." Pp. 37-99 in Social Theory and the Politics of Identity, edited by Craig Calhoun. Blackwell Press.
89. Stern, Fritz. 1993. "Freedom and Its Discontents." Foreign Affairs 72:108-25.
90. Tarrow, Sidney. 1988. "National Politics and Collective Action: Recent Theory and Research in Western Europe and the United States." Annual Review of Sociology 14:421-40.
91. _.1991. "Aiming at a Moving Target': Social Science and the Recent Rebellion in Eastern Europe." PS: Political Science and Politics 24:12-20.
92. Taylor, Verta, and Nancy Whittier. 1992. "Collective Identity in Social Movements: Lesbian Feminist Mobilization." Pp. 104-30 in Frontiers in Social Movement Theory, edited by Aldon D. Morris and Carol McClurg Mueller. Yale University Press.
93. Tetzinger, Reiner. 1990. Leipziger Ring. Aufzeichnen eines Montagsdemonstranten Oktober 1989 bis 1. Mai 1990. Luchterhand.
94. Tilly, Charles. 1978. From Mobilization to Revolution. Addison-Wesley.
95. Torpey, John C. 1995. Intellectuals, Socialism and Dissent: The East German Opposition and Its Legacy. University of Minnesota Press.
96. Walter, Franz, Tobias Dürr, and Klaus Schmidtke. 1993. Die SPD in Sachsen und Thüringen zwischen Hochburg und Diaspora. Dietz.
97. Welsh, Helga. 1993. "The Divided Past and the Difficulties of German Unification." German Politics and Society 30:75-86.