-
1
-
-
4243984115
-
Dioxin risk, special report
-
[1] Dioxin risk, special report. Environ. Sci. Technol., 29 (1995) 24A-35A.
-
(1995)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.29
-
-
-
2
-
-
0025793307
-
Dioxin risks revisited, report
-
[2] Dioxin risks revisited, report. Science, 251 (1991) 624-626.
-
(1991)
Science
, vol.251
, pp. 624-626
-
-
-
3
-
-
0017682932
-
Chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and chlorodibenzofurans are trace components of fly ash and flue gas of some municipal incinerators in the netherlands
-
[3] Olie, K., P.L. Vermeulen and O. Hutzinger. Chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and chlorodibenzofurans are trace components of fly ash and flue gas of some municipal incinerators in the Netherlands. Chemosphere, 6 (1977) 455-459.
-
(1977)
Chemosphere
, vol.6
, pp. 455-459
-
-
Olie, K.1
Vermeulen, P.L.2
Hutzinger, O.3
-
4
-
-
0021403656
-
Analysis of polychlorinated dioxins and furans
-
[4] Rappe, C. Analysis of polychlorinated dioxins and furans. Environ. Sci. Technol., 18 (1984) 78A-90A.
-
(1984)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.18
-
-
Rappe, C.1
-
5
-
-
0022713915
-
Dioxin danger from garbage incineration
-
[5] Karasek, F.W. and O. Hutzinger. Dioxin danger from garbage incineration. Anal. Chem., 58 (1986) 633A-642A.
-
(1986)
Anal. Chem.
, vol.58
-
-
Karasek, F.W.1
Hutzinger, O.2
-
6
-
-
0342496912
-
-
Environment Canada, National Incinerator Testing and Evaluation Programme: Two-stage Combustion. Report EPS 3/UP/1. Sept. 1985.
-
[6] Environment Canada, National Incinerator Testing and Evaluation Programme: Two-stage Combustion. Report EPS 3/UP/1. Sept. 1985.
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
0343366433
-
-
Environment Canada, National Incinerator Testing and Evaluation Programme: Environmental Characterization of Mass Burning Incinerator Technology at Quebec City. Report EPS 3/UP/5, June 1988.
-
[7] Environment Canada, National Incinerator Testing and Evaluation Programme: Environmental Characterization of Mass Burning Incinerator Technology at Quebec City. Report EPS 3/UP/5, June 1988.
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
0026697526
-
Results of the german dioxin measurement programme at msw incinerators
-
[8] Johnke, B. and E. Stelzner. Results of the German dioxin measurement programme at MSW incinerators. Waste Manage. Res., 10 (1992) 345-355.
-
(1992)
Waste Manage. Res.
, vol.10
, pp. 345-355
-
-
Johnke, B.1
Stelzner, E.2
-
9
-
-
0342496908
-
-
Ministry of Housing, Planning and Environment, The Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste in the Netherlands. Report. Feb. 1993.
-
[9] Ministry of Housing, Planning and Environment, The Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste in the Netherlands. Report. Feb. 1993.
-
-
-
-
10
-
-
0028970580
-
On the mechanisms of dioxin formation in combustion processes
-
[10] Huang, H. and A. Buekens. On the mechanisms of dioxin formation in combustion processes. Chemosphere, 31 (1995) 4099-4117.
-
(1995)
Chemosphere
, vol.31
, pp. 4099-4117
-
-
Huang, H.1
Buekens, A.2
-
11
-
-
0028973831
-
Mechanisms of formation and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in heterogeneous systems
-
[11] Addink, R. and K. Olie. Mechanisms of formation and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in heterogeneous systems. Environ. Sci. Technol., 29 (1995) 1425-1435.
-
(1995)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.29
, pp. 1425-1435
-
-
Addink, R.1
Olie, K.2
-
12
-
-
0005269992
-
Chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans in waste combustion: Formation mechanisms and analysis of UK plant measurements
-
Dec. UK
-
[12] Cains, P.W. and P. Dyke. Chlorinated Dibenzodioxins and Dibenzofurans in Waste Combustion: Formation Mechanisms and Analysis of UK Plant Measurements. Report ETSU-R-80, Dec. 1993, UK.
-
(1993)
Report ETSU-R-80
-
-
Cains, P.W.1
Dyke, P.2
-
15
-
-
0025818364
-
Some laboratory experimental designs for obtaining dynamic property data on dioxins
-
[15] Altwicker, E.R. Some laboratory experimental designs for obtaining dynamic property data on dioxins. Sci. Total Environ., 104 (1991) 47-72.
-
(1991)
Sci. Total Environ.
, vol.104
, pp. 47-72
-
-
Altwicker, E.R.1
-
16
-
-
49149146757
-
Chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds in incinerator effluents: A review of measurements and mechanisms of formation
-
[16] Lustenhouwer, J.W.A., K. Olie and O. Hutzinger. Chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and related compounds in incinerator effluents: a review of measurements and mechanisms of formation. Chemosphere, 9 (1980) 501-522.
-
(1980)
Chemosphere
, vol.9
, pp. 501-522
-
-
Lustenhouwer, J.W.A.1
Olie, K.2
Hutzinger, O.3
-
17
-
-
0342496902
-
Mechanisms in the thermal formation of chlorinated compounds including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
-
O. Hutzinger, R.W. Frei, E. Merian and F. Pocchiari (Eds.), Pergamon Press, New York
-
[17] Choudhry, G.G., K. Olie and O. Hutzinger. Mechanisms in the thermal formation of chlorinated compounds including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. In: O. Hutzinger, R.W. Frei, E. Merian and F. Pocchiari (Eds.), Chlorinated Dioxins and Related Compounds. Pergamon Press, New York, 1982, pp. 275-301.
-
(1982)
Chlorinated Dioxins and Related Compounds.
, pp. 275-301
-
-
Choudhry, G.G.1
Olie, K.2
Hutzinger, O.3
-
19
-
-
0019161324
-
Trace chemistries of fire: A source of chlorinated dioxins
-
[19] Bumb, R.R., W.B. Crummett, S.S. Cutie, J.R. Gledhill, R.H. Hummel, R.O. Kagel, L.L. Lamparski, E.V. Luoma, D.L. Miller, T.J. Nestrick, L.A. Shadoff, R.H. Stehl and J.S. Woods. Trace chemistries of fire: a source of chlorinated dioxins. Science, 210 (1980) 385-390.
-
(1980)
Science
, vol.210
, pp. 385-390
-
-
Bumb, R.R.1
Crummett, W.B.2
Cutie, S.S.3
Gledhill, J.R.4
Hummel, R.H.5
Kagel, R.O.6
Lamparski, L.L.7
Luoma, E.V.8
Miller, D.L.9
Nestrick, T.J.10
Shadoff, L.A.11
Stehl, R.H.12
Woods, J.S.13
-
20
-
-
0021175642
-
The trace chemistries of fire: Review and update
-
[20] Crummett, W.B. and D.I. Townsend. The trace chemistries of fire: review and update. Chemosphere, 13 (1984) 777-788.
-
(1984)
Chemosphere
, vol.13
, pp. 777-788
-
-
Crummett, W.B.1
Townsend, D.I.2
-
21
-
-
0028229006
-
Chlorinated dibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran emissions from waste combustion plants in the UK
-
[21] Cains, P.W. and P. Dyke. Chlorinated dibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran emissions from waste combustion plants in the UK. Chemosphere, 28 (1994) 2101-2119.
-
(1994)
Chemosphere
, vol.28
, pp. 2101-2119
-
-
Cains, P.W.1
Dyke, P.2
-
22
-
-
0000482613
-
Formation and sources of PCDD/PCDF
-
[22] Fiedler, H. Formation and sources of PCDD/PCDF. Organohalogen Compd., 11 (1993) 221-228.
-
(1993)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.11
, pp. 221-228
-
-
Fiedler, H.1
-
23
-
-
0342703365
-
Sources of PCDD/PCDF and impact on the environment
-
[23] Fiedler, H. Sources of PCDD/PCDF and impact on the environment. Organohalogen Compd., 20 (1994) 229-237.
-
(1994)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.20
, pp. 229-237
-
-
Fiedler, H.1
-
24
-
-
0021045538
-
Dioxin formation in incinerators
-
[24] Shaub, W.M. and W. Tsang. Dioxin formation in incinerators. Environ. Sci. Technol., 17 (1983) 721-730.
-
(1983)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.17
, pp. 721-730
-
-
Shaub, W.M.1
Tsang, W.2
-
25
-
-
0022904847
-
Thermal behavior of pcdd/ pcdf in fly ash from municipal incinerators
-
[25] Vogg, H. and L. Stieglitz. Thermal behavior of PCDD/ PCDF in fly ash from municipal incinerators. Chemosphere, 15 (1986) 1373-1378.
-
(1986)
Chemosphere
, vol.15
, pp. 1373-1378
-
-
Vogg, H.1
Stieglitz, L.2
-
26
-
-
0023606968
-
On formation conditions of PCDD/PCDF in fly ash from municipal waste incineration
-
[26] Stieglitz, L. and H. Vogg. On formation conditions of PCDD/PCDF in fly ash from municipal waste incineration. Chemosphere, 16 (1987) 1917-1922.
-
(1987)
Chemosphere
, vol.16
, pp. 1917-1922
-
-
Stieglitz, L.1
Vogg, H.2
-
27
-
-
0023523179
-
Recent findings on the formation and decomposition of PCDD/PCDF in municipal solid waste incineration
-
[27] Vogg, H., M. Metzger and L. Stieglitz. Recent findings on the formation and decomposition of PCDD/PCDF in municipal solid waste incineration. Waste Manage. Res., 5 (1987) 285-294.
-
(1987)
Waste Manage. Res.
, vol.5
, pp. 285-294
-
-
Vogg, H.M.1
Stieglitz, L.2
-
29
-
-
0024327781
-
On the de novo synthesis of PCDD/PCDF on fly ash of municipal waste incinerators
-
[29] Stieglitz, L., G. Zwick, J. Beck, W. Roth and H. Vogg. On the de novo synthesis of PCDD/PCDF on fly ash of municipal waste incinerators. Chemosphere, 18 (1989) 1219-1226.
-
(1989)
Chemosphere
, vol.18
, pp. 1219-1226
-
-
Stieglitz, L.1
Zwick, G.2
Beck, J.3
Roth, W.4
Vogg, H.5
-
30
-
-
0024431562
-
Carbonaceous particles in fly ash - A source for the de novo synthesis of organochlorocompounds
-
[30] Stieglitz, L., G. Zwick, J. Beck, H. Bautz and W. Roth. Carbonaceous particles in fly ash - a source for the de novo synthesis of organochlorocompounds. Chemosphere. 19 (1989) 283-290.
-
(1989)
Chemosphere.
, vol.19
, pp. 283-290
-
-
Stieglitz, L.G.1
Beck, J.2
Bautz, H.3
Roth, W.4
-
31
-
-
0001173682
-
The effect of sulfur dioxide on de novo synthesis of PCDD/PCDF on fly ash
-
[31] Stieglitz, L., H. Vogg, H. Bautz, J. Beck and G. Zwick. The effect of sulfur dioxide on de novo synthesis of PCDD/PCDF on fly ash. Organohalogen Compd., 3 (1990) 175-177.
-
(1990)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.3
, pp. 175-177
-
-
Stieglitz, L.1
Vogg, H.2
Bautz, H.3
Beck, J.4
Zwick, G.5
-
32
-
-
0025076032
-
The role of particulate carbon in the de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans in fly ash
-
[32] Stieglitz, L., G. Zwick, J. Beck, H. Bautz and W. Roth. The role of particulate carbon in the de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans in fly ash. Chemosphere, 20 (1990) 1953-1958.
-
(1990)
Chemosphere
, vol.20
, pp. 1953-1958
-
-
Stieglitz, L.1
Zwick, G.2
Beck, J.3
Bautz, H.4
Roth, W.5
-
33
-
-
0026335205
-
On formation conditions of organohalogen compounds from particulate carbon of fly ash
-
[33] Stieglitz, L., H. Vogg, G. Zwick, J. Beck and H. Bautz. On formation conditions of organohalogen compounds from particulate carbon of fly ash. Chemosphere, 23 (1991) 1255-1264.
-
(1991)
Chemosphere
, vol.23
, pp. 1255-1264
-
-
Stieglitz, L.1
Vogg, H.2
Zwick, G.3
Beck, J.4
Bautz, H.5
-
34
-
-
0025800191
-
On the mechanism of formation of polychlorinated aromatic compounds with copper (II) chloride
-
[34] Jay, K. and L. Stieglitz. On the mechanism of formation of polychlorinated aromatic compounds with copper (II) chloride. Chemosphere, 22 (1991) 987-995.
-
(1991)
Chemosphere
, vol.22
, pp. 987-995
-
-
Jay, K.1
Stieglitz, L.2
-
35
-
-
0026756013
-
Formation of organohalogen compounds in fly ash by metal-catalysed oxidation of residual carbon
-
[35] Schwarz, G. and L. Stieglitz. Formation of organohalogen compounds in fly ash by metal-catalysed oxidation of residual carbon. Chemosphere, 25 (1992) 277-282.
-
(1992)
Chemosphere
, vol.25
, pp. 277-282
-
-
Schwarz, G.1
Stieglitz, L.2
-
36
-
-
0027287858
-
Formation of brominated compounds on fly ash
-
[36] Heinbuch, D. and L. Stieglitz. Formation of brominated compounds on fly ash. Chemosphere, 27 (1993) 317-324.
-
(1993)
Chemosphere
, vol.27
, pp. 317-324
-
-
Heinbuch, D.1
Stieglitz, L.2
-
37
-
-
0027264176
-
The oxidative degradation of carbon and its role in the de novo synthesis of organohalogen compounds in fly ash
-
[37] Stieglitz, L., M. Eichberger, J. Schleihauf, G. Zwick and R. Will. The oxidative degradation of carbon and its role in the de novo synthesis of organohalogen compounds in fly ash. Chemosphere, 27 (1993) 343-350.
-
(1993)
Chemosphere
, vol.27
, pp. 343-350
-
-
Stieglitz, L.1
Eichberger, M.2
Schleihauf, J.3
Zwick, G.4
Will, R.5
-
38
-
-
0343365664
-
The influence of different types of activated carbons on the formation of polychlorinated compounds in de novo synthesis
-
[38] Eichberger, M. and L. Stieglitz. The Influence of different types of activated carbons on the formation of polychlorinated compounds in de novo synthesis. Organohalogen Compd., 20 (1994) 385-390.
-
(1994)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.20
, pp. 385-390
-
-
Eichberger, M.1
Stieglitz, L.2
-
39
-
-
0001157725
-
Investigation of chloride transfer and oxidation as processes in the de novo synthesis of PCDd/PCDF on fly ash
-
[39] Stieglitz, L., M. Eichberger, H. Bautz, W. Roth, J. Romer and D. Schild. Investigation of chloride transfer and oxidation as processes in the de novo synthesis of PCDD/PCDF on fly ash. Organohalogen Compd., 20 (1994) 391-396.
-
(1994)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.20
, pp. 391-396
-
-
Stieglitz, L.1
Eichberger, M.2
Bautz, H.3
Roth, W.4
Romer, J.5
Schild, D.6
-
40
-
-
0027183005
-
The relationship between de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and low-temperature carbon gasification in fly ash
-
[40] Milligan. M.S. and E. Altwicker. The relationship between de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and low-temperature carbon gasification in fly ash. Environ. Sci. Technol., 27 (1993) 1595-1601.
-
(1993)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.27
, pp. 1595-1601
-
-
Milligan, M.S.1
Altwicker, E.2
-
41
-
-
0001097474
-
Dioxin formation over fly ash: Oxygen dependence, temperature dependence and phase distribution
-
[41] Altwicker, E.R., Y. Xun and M.S. Milligan. Dioxin formation over fly ash: oxygen dependence, temperature dependence and phase distribution. Organohalogen Compd., 20 (1994) 381-384.
-
(1994)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.20
, pp. 381-384
-
-
Altwicker, E.R.1
Xun, Y.2
Milligan, M.S.3
-
42
-
-
0029030122
-
Mechanistic aspects of the de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans in fly ash from experiments using isotopically labelled reagents
-
[42] Milligan, M.S. and E. Altwicker. Mechanistic aspects of the de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans in fly ash from experiments using isotopically labelled reagents. Environ. Sci. Technol., 29 (1995) 1353-1358.
-
(1995)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.29
, pp. 1353-1358
-
-
Milligan, M.S.1
Altwicker, E.2
-
43
-
-
0026702220
-
Quantitative comparison of de novo and precursor formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans under simulated municipal solid waste incinerator postcombustion conditions
-
[43] Dickson, L.C., D. Lenoir and O. Hutzinger. Quantitative comparison of de novo and precursor formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans under simulated municipal solid waste incinerator postcombustion conditions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 26 (1992) 1822-1828.
-
(1992)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.26
, pp. 1822-1828
-
-
Dickson, L.C.1
Lenoir, D.2
Hutzinger, O.3
-
44
-
-
0028047462
-
Mechanism of formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the catalyzed combustion of carbon
-
[44] Luijk, R., D.M. Akkerman, P. Slot, K. Olie and F. Kapteijn. Mechanism of formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the catalyzed combustion of carbon. Environ. Sci. Technol., 28 (1994) 312-321.
-
(1994)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.28
, pp. 312-321
-
-
Luijk, R.1
Akkerman, D.M.2
Slot, P.3
Olie, K.4
Kapteijn, F.5
-
45
-
-
0025050438
-
Surface catalyzed formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans during municipal waste incineration
-
[45] Addink, R., B. van Bavel, R. Visser, H. Wever, P. Slot and K. Olie. Surface catalyzed formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans during municipal waste incineration. Chemosphere, 20 (1990) 1929-1934.
-
(1990)
Chemosphere
, vol.20
, pp. 1929-1934
-
-
Addink, R.1
Van Bavel, B.2
Visser, R.3
Wever, H.4
Slot, P.5
Olie, K.6
-
46
-
-
0026333498
-
Formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans in the carbon/fly ash system
-
[46] Addink, R., D.J. Drijver and K. Olie. Formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans in the carbon/fly ash system. Chemosphere, 23 (1991) 1205-1211.
-
(1991)
Chemosphere
, vol.23
, pp. 1205-1211
-
-
Addink, R.1
Drijver, D.J.2
Olie, K.3
-
47
-
-
0028973847
-
Role of oxygen in formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans from carbon on fly ash
-
[47] Addink, R. and K. Olie. Role of oxygen in formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans from carbon on fly ash. Environ. Sci. Technol., 29 (1995) 1586-1590.
-
(1995)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.29
, pp. 1586-1590
-
-
Addink, R.1
Olie, K.2
-
48
-
-
0029412093
-
2 on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans in a carbon/fly ash mixture
-
2 on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans in a carbon/fly ash mixture. Environ. Sci. Technol., 29 (1995) 2055-2058.
-
(1995)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.29
, pp. 2055-2058
-
-
Addink, R.1
Bakker, W.C.M.2
Olie, K.3
-
49
-
-
0023449003
-
Catalytic effects of fly ash from waste incineration facilities on the formation and decomposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans
-
[49] Hagenmaier, H., M. Kraft, H. Brunner and R. Haag. Catalytic effects of fly ash from waste incineration facilities on the formation and decomposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. Environ. Sci. Technol., 21 (1987) 1080-1084.
-
(1987)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.21
, pp. 1080-1084
-
-
Hagenmaier, H.1
Kraft, M.2
Brunner, H.3
Haag, R.4
-
51
-
-
0029412092
-
Formation of PCDDs and PCDFs from anthracene and chloroanthracene in a model fly ash system
-
[51] Schoonenboom, M.H. and K. Olie. Formation of PCDDs and PCDFs from anthracene and chloroanthracene in a model fly ash system. Environ. Sci. Technol., 29 (1995) 2005-2009.
-
(1995)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.29
, pp. 2005-2009
-
-
Schoonenboom, M.H.1
Olie, K.2
-
52
-
-
0003574131
-
-
3rd edn. Wiley, New York
-
[52] Long, J.C., R.W. Soffel. E.L. Piper, H.F. Folk, R.M. Bushong and R.H. Wentorf Jr. Carbon, in Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Vol. 4, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York, 1980, pp. 556-697.
-
(1980)
Carbon, in Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology
, vol.4
, pp. 556-697
-
-
Long, J.C.1
Soffel, R.W.2
Piper, E.L.3
Folk, H.F.4
Bushong, R.M.5
Wentorf R.H., Jr.6
-
53
-
-
0041137006
-
-
VCH, Weinhem
-
[53] Vohler, O., H. Von Kienle, M. Voll and P. Klemschmit. Carbon, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Vol. A5. VCH, Weinhem, 1986, pp. 95-160.
-
(1986)
Carbon, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
, vol.A5
, pp. 95-160
-
-
Vohler, O.1
Von Kienle, H.2
Voll, M.3
Klemschmit, P.4
-
55
-
-
85165100574
-
Interfacial chemistry and electrochemistry of carbon surfaces
-
[55] Leon y Leon D., C.A and L.R. Radovic. Interfacial chemistry and electrochemistry of carbon surfaces. Chem. Phys. Carbon, 24 (1994) 213-310.
-
(1994)
Chem. Phys. Carbon
, vol.24
, pp. 213-310
-
-
Leon, D.1
Radovic, C.A.2
Radovic, L.R.3
-
56
-
-
0001295902
-
Surface complexes on carbons
-
[56] Puri, B.R. Surface complexes on carbons. Chem. Phys. Carbon, 6 (1970) 191-282.
-
(1970)
Chem. Phys. Carbon
, vol.6
, pp. 191-282
-
-
Puri, B.R.1
-
58
-
-
0001453164
-
Fundamentals of coal combustion
-
M.A. Elliott (Ed.). Wiley, New York
-
[58] Essenhigh, R.H. Fundamentals of coal combustion. In: M.A. Elliott (Ed.). The Chemistry of Coal Utilization, 2nd Suppl. Wiley, New York, 1981, pp. 1153-1312.
-
(1981)
The Chemistry of Coal Utilization, 2nd Suppl.
, pp. 1153-1312
-
-
Essenhigh, R.H.1
-
60
-
-
0021819201
-
Chemisorption of halogen on carbons - I stepwise chlorination and exchange of C-Cl with C-H bonds
-
[60] Tobias, H. and A. Soffer. Chemisorption of halogen on carbons - I stepwise chlorination and exchange of C-Cl with C-H bonds. Carbon, 23 (1985) 281-289.
-
(1985)
Carbon
, vol.23
, pp. 281-289
-
-
Tobias, H.1
Soffer, A.2
-
61
-
-
0021979808
-
The effects of chlorine pretreatment on the reactivity of graphite in air
-
[61] McKee, D.W. and C.L. Spiro. The effects of chlorine pretreatment on the reactivity of graphite in air. Carbon, 23 (1985) 437-444.
-
(1985)
Carbon
, vol.23
, pp. 437-444
-
-
McKee, D.W.1
Spiro, C.L.2
-
62
-
-
0027701237
-
A new surface complex on carbon: Toward a unified mechanism for carbon gasification reactions
-
[62] Chen, S.G., R.T. Yang, F. Kapteijn and J.A. Moulijn. A new surface complex on carbon: toward a unified mechanism for carbon gasification reactions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 32 (1993) 2835-2840.
-
(1993)
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
, vol.32
, pp. 2835-2840
-
-
Chen, S.G.1
Yang, R.T.2
Kapteijn, F.3
Moulijn, J.A.4
-
63
-
-
0026989482
-
Strongly bonded oxygen in graphite: Detection by high-temperature TPD and characterization
-
[63] Pan, Z. and R.T. Yang. Strongly bonded oxygen in graphite: detection by high-temperature TPD and characterization. Ind Eng. Chem. Res., 31 (1992) 2675-2680.
-
(1992)
Ind Eng. Chem. Res.
, vol.31
, pp. 2675-2680
-
-
Pan, Z.1
Yang, R.T.2
-
64
-
-
0024928126
-
Detection of low temperature carbon gasification using DSC and TGA
-
[64] Ismail, I.M.K. and P.L. Walker Jr. Detection of low temperature carbon gasification using DSC and TGA. Carbon, 27 (1989) 549-559.
-
(1989)
Carbon
, vol.27
, pp. 549-559
-
-
Ismail, I.M.K.1
Walker P.L., Jr.2
-
65
-
-
0022145111
-
Effect of chemisorbed oxygen on char reactivity. A
-
[65] Su, J.-L. and D.D. Perlmutter. Effect of chemisorbed oxygen on char reactivity. AIChE J., 31 (1985) 1725-1727.
-
(1985)
IChe J.
, vol.31
, pp. 1725-1727
-
-
Su, J.-L.1
Perlmutter, D.D.2
-
66
-
-
0001523341
-
Scanning tunneling microscopy studies of carbon-oxygen reactions on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite
-
[66] Chang. H. and A.J. Bard. Scanning tunneling microscopy studies of carbon-oxygen reactions on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 113 (1991) 5588-5596.
-
(1991)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.113
, pp. 5588-5596
-
-
Chang, H.1
Bard, A.J.2
-
67
-
-
84949532150
-
-
4th edn. Wiley, New York.
-
[67] Carbon, in Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Vol. 4, 4th edn. Wiley, New York. 1993, p. 1046.
-
(1993)
Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology
, vol.4
, pp. 1046
-
-
-
69
-
-
0002581812
-
Mechanistic aspects of the reaction between carbon and oxygen
-
[69] Henschke, B., H. Schubert, J. Blocker, F. Atamny and R. Schlogl. Mechanistic aspects of the reaction between carbon and oxygen. Thermochim. Acta, 234 (1994) 53-83.
-
(1994)
Thermochim. Acta
, vol.234
, pp. 53-83
-
-
Henschke, B.H.1
Blocker, J.2
Atamny, F.3
Schlogl, R.4
-
70
-
-
0001333535
-
Reaction of oxygen with graphite: X-ray absorption spectroscopy of carbonaceous materials
-
[70] Atamny, F., J. Blocker, B. Henschke and R. Schlogl, Th. Schedel-Niedrig, M. Keil and A.M. Bradshaw. Reaction of oxygen with graphite: X-ray absorption spectroscopy of carbonaceous materials. J. Phys. Chem., 96 (1992) 4522-4526.
-
(1992)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.96
, pp. 4522-4526
-
-
Atamny, F.1
Blocker, J.2
Henschke, B.3
Schlogl, R.4
Schedel-Niedrig, T.5
Keil, M.6
Bradshaw, A.M.7
-
71
-
-
0025838659
-
An update of the carbon-oxygen reaction
-
[71] Walker. P.L. Jr., R.L. Taylor and J.M. Ranish. An update of the carbon-oxygen reaction. Carbon, 29 (1991) 411-421.
-
(1991)
Carbon
, vol.29
, pp. 411-421
-
-
Walker P.L., Jr.1
Taylor, R.L.2
Ranish, J.M.3
-
72
-
-
0004614888
-
The importance of active surface area in the carbon-oxygen reaction
-
[72] Laine, N.R., F.J. Vastola and P.L. Walker Jr. The importance of active surface area in the carbon-oxygen reaction. J. Phys. Chem., 67 (1963) 2030-2034.
-
(1963)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.67
, pp. 2030-2034
-
-
Laine, N.R.1
Vastola, F.J.2
Walker P.L., Jr.3
-
73
-
-
0000566549
-
Reactive and kinetic properties of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on a graphite surface
-
[73] Marchon, B., W.T. Tysoe, J. Carrazza, H. Heinemann and G.A. Somorjai. Reactive and kinetic properties of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on a graphite surface. J. Phys. Chem., 92 (1989) 5744-5749.
-
(1989)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.92
, pp. 5744-5749
-
-
Marchon, B.1
Tysoe, W.T.2
Carrazza, J.3
Heinemann, H.4
Somorjai, G.A.5
-
74
-
-
0021937204
-
2 oxidation of glassy carbon surfaces
-
2 oxidation of glassy carbon surfaces. Carbon, 23 (1985) 723-729.
-
(1985)
Carbon
, vol.23
, pp. 723-729
-
-
Kelemen, S.R.1
Freund, H.2
-
75
-
-
0022112123
-
Absolute rate of carbon-carbon dioxide reaction
-
[75] Yang, K.L. and R.T. Yang. Absolute rate of carbon-carbon dioxide reaction. AIChE J., 31 (1985) 1313-1321.
-
(1985)
AIChe J.
, vol.31
, pp. 1313-1321
-
-
Yang, K.L.1
Yang, R.T.2
-
76
-
-
0021300469
-
Kinetics of the reaction between steam and the basal plane of graphite
-
[76] Duan, R.-Z. and R.T. Yang. Kinetics of the reaction between steam and the basal plane of graphite. Chem. Eng. Sci., 39 (1984) 795-798.
-
(1984)
Chem. Eng. Sci.
, vol.39
, pp. 795-798
-
-
Duan, R.-Z.1
Yang, R.T.2
-
77
-
-
84984134660
-
Mechanism of carbon gasification - Conformation of etch pits on graphite surface with and without tungsten catalyst
-
[77] Yang, R.T. and C. Wong. Mechanism of carbon gasification - conformation of etch pits on graphite surface with and without tungsten catalyst. AIChE J., 29 (1983) 338-340.
-
(1983)
AIChe J.
, vol.29
, pp. 338-340
-
-
Yang, R.T.1
Wong, C.2
-
78
-
-
36749105712
-
The mode of attack of oxygen atoms on the basal plane of graphite
-
[78] Wong, C., R.T. Yang and B.L. Hatpern. The mode of attack of oxygen atoms on the basal plane of graphite. J. Chem. Phys., 78 (1983) 3325-3328.
-
(1983)
J. Chem. Phys.
, vol.78
, pp. 3325-3328
-
-
Wong, C.1
Yang, R.T.2
Hatpern, B.L.3
-
79
-
-
0001147059
-
Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of basal plane on graphite
-
[79] Yang, R.T. and C. Wong. Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of basal plane on graphite. J. Chem. Phys., 75 (1981) 4471-4476.
-
(1981)
J. Chem. Phys.
, vol.75
, pp. 4471-4476
-
-
Yang, R.T.1
Wong, C.2
-
80
-
-
0000801588
-
Mechanism of single-layer graphite oxidation: Evaluation by microscopy
-
[80] Yang, R.T. and C. Wong. Mechanism of single-layer graphite oxidation: evaluation by microscopy. Science, 214 (1981) 437-438.
-
(1981)
Science
, vol.214
, pp. 437-438
-
-
Yang, R.T.1
Wong, C.2
-
81
-
-
0000509665
-
Catalytic gasification of carbon: Fundamentals and mechanism
-
J. Lahaye and P. Ehrburger (Eds.), Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht
-
[81] Mims, C.A. Catalytic gasification of carbon: fundamentals and mechanism. In: J. Lahaye and P. Ehrburger (Eds.), Fundamental Issues in Control of Carbon Gasification Reactivity. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, 1991, pp. 383-403.
-
(1991)
Fundamental Issues in Control of Carbon Gasification Reactivity.
, pp. 383-403
-
-
Mims, C.A.1
-
82
-
-
0002481126
-
The catalyzed gasification reactions of carbon
-
[82] McKee, D.W. The catalyzed gasification reactions of carbon. Chem. Phys. Carbon, 16 (1981) 1-119.
-
(1981)
Chem. Phys. Carbon
, vol.16
, pp. 1-119
-
-
McKee, D.W.1
-
84
-
-
0343552450
-
Metal oxide as catalysts for the oxidation of graphite
-
[84] McKee, D.W. Metal oxide as catalysts for the oxidation of graphite. Carbon, 8 (1970) 623-635.
-
(1970)
Carbon
, vol.8
, pp. 623-635
-
-
McKee, D.W.1
-
85
-
-
0027261889
-
The catalytic gasification of carbon in incinerator fly ash
-
[85] Milligan, M.S. and E. Altwicker. The catalytic gasification of carbon in incinerator fly ash. Carbon, 31 (1993) 977-986.
-
(1993)
Carbon
, vol.31
, pp. 977-986
-
-
Milligan, M.S.1
Altwicker, E.2
-
86
-
-
0026953575
-
Use of transient kinetics and temperature-programmed desorption to predict char/carbon reactivity: The case of cu-catalyzed gasification of coal char in oxygen
-
[86] Kyotani, T., H. Yamada, H. Yamashita, A. Tomita and L.R. Radovic. Use of transient kinetics and temperature-programmed desorption to predict char/carbon reactivity: the case of Cu-catalyzed gasification of coal char in oxygen. Energy and Fuels, 6 (1992) 865-867.
-
(1992)
Energy and Fuels
, vol.6
, pp. 865-867
-
-
Kyotani, T.1
Yamada, H.2
Yamashita, H.3
Tomita, A.4
Radovic, L.R.5
-
87
-
-
0027290098
-
Influence of char surface chemistry on the reduction of nitric oxide with chars
-
[87] Yamashita, H., A. Tomita, H. Yamada, T. Kyotani and L.R. Radovic. Influence of char surface chemistry on the reduction of nitric oxide with chars. Energy and Fuels, 7 (1993) 85-89.
-
(1993)
Energy and Fuels
, vol.7
, pp. 85-89
-
-
Yamashita, H.1
Tomita, A.2
Yamada, H.3
Kyotani, T.4
Radovic, L.R.5
-
88
-
-
85018784097
-
Effect of thermal and chemical pretreatment on the cu-catalyzed gasification of char in air
-
[88] Leon y Leon D., C.A. and L.R. Radovic. Effect of thermal and chemical pretreatment on the Cu-catalyzed gasification of char in air. Prepr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Fuel Chem., 36 (1991) 967-974.
-
(1991)
Prepr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Fuel Chem.
, vol.36
, pp. 967-974
-
-
Leon, D.1
Radovic, C.A.2
Radovic, L.R.3
-
89
-
-
0041993846
-
Copper-catalysis in the air gasification of cellulosic chars
-
[89] Devi, T.G., M.P. Kannan and G.N. Richards. Copper-catalysis in the air gasification of cellulosic chars. Fuel, 69 (1990) 1440-1447.
-
(1990)
Fuel
, vol.69
, pp. 1440-1447
-
-
Devi, T.G.1
Kannan, M.P.2
Richards, G.N.3
-
90
-
-
0019436740
-
Catalytic gasification of graphite by chromium and copper in oxygen, steam and hydrogen
-
[90] Baker, R.T.K. and J.J. Chludzinski Jr. Catalytic gasification of graphite by chromium and copper in oxygen, steam and hydrogen. Carbon, 19 (1981) 75-82.
-
(1981)
Carbon
, vol.19
, pp. 75-82
-
-
Baker, R.T.K.1
Chludzinski J.J., Jr.2
-
91
-
-
0014759441
-
The copper-catalyzed oxidation of graphite
-
[91] McKee, D.W. The copper-catalyzed oxidation of graphite. Carbon, 8 (1970) 131-139.
-
(1970)
Carbon
, vol.8
, pp. 131-139
-
-
McKee, D.W.1
-
92
-
-
0006149533
-
Spillover in heterogeneous catalysis
-
[92] Conner, W.C. Jr. and J.L. Falconer. Spillover in heterogeneous catalysis. Chem. Rev., 95 (1995) 759-788.
-
(1995)
Chem. Rev.
, vol.95
, pp. 759-788
-
-
Conner W.C., Jr.1
Falconer, J.L.2
-
93
-
-
0342910788
-
-
Ph.D. Thesis, University of Umea, Sweden
-
[93] Fangmark, I. Formation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds During Incineration: An Application of Statistical Experimental Design, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Umea, Sweden, 1993, p. 11.
-
(1993)
Formation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds During Incineration: An Application of Statistical Experimental Design
, pp. 11
-
-
Fangmark, I.1
-
95
-
-
0001436899
-
The halogenation of dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran in a model fly ash system
-
[95] Luijk, R., K. Dorland, P. Smith and H.A.J. Govers. The halogenation of dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran in a model fly ash system. Organohatogen Compd., 8 (1992) 273-276.
-
(1992)
Organohatogen Compd.
, vol.8
, pp. 273-276
-
-
Luijk, R.1
Dorland, K.2
Smith, P.3
Govers, H.A.J.4
-
96
-
-
0342320903
-
The exchange of bromine and chlorine in 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin
-
[96] Luijk, R., J. Jansen and H.A.J. Govers. The exchange of bromine and chlorine in 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin. Organohalogen Compd., 8 (1992) 99-102.
-
(1992)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.8
, pp. 99-102
-
-
Luijk, R.1
Jansen, J.2
Govers, H.A.J.3
-
97
-
-
0030033091
-
Reactions of dibenzofuran and 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on municipal waste incinerator fly ash
-
[97] Addink, R., M. Antonioli, K. Olie and H.A.J. Govers. Reactions of dibenzofuran and 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on municipal waste incinerator fly ash. Environ. Sci. Technol., 30 (1996) 833-836.
-
(1996)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 30 (
, pp. 833-836
-
-
Addink, R.1
Antonioli, M.2
Olie, K.3
Govers, H.A.J.4
-
98
-
-
0028977751
-
Degradation of octachlorodibenzofuran and octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin spiked on fly ash: Kinetics and mechanism
-
[98] Collina, E., M. Lasagni, D. Pitea, F. Keil and L. Stieglitz. Degradation of octachlorodibenzofuran and octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin spiked on fly ash: kinetics and mechanism. Environ. Sci. Technol., 29 (1995) 577-585.
-
(1995)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.29
, pp. 577-585
-
-
Collina, E.1
Lasagni, M.2
Pitea, D.3
Keil, F.4
Stieglitz, L.5
-
99
-
-
0343940898
-
The dechlorination of OCDD and OCDF on an alumina support
-
[99] Schoonenboom, M.H. and K. Olie. The dechlorination of OCDD and OCDF on an alumina support. Organohalogen Compd., 8 (1992) 143-146.
-
(1992)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.8
, pp. 143-146
-
-
Schoonenboom, M.H.1
Olie, K.2
-
100
-
-
0023447208
-
Copper-catalyzed dechlorination/hydrogenation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and other chlorinated aromatic compounds
-
[100] Hagenmaier, H., H. Brunner, R. Haag and M. Kraft. Copper-catalyzed dechlorination/hydrogenation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and other chlorinated aromatic compounds. Environ. Sci. Technol., 21 (1987) 1085-1088.
-
(1987)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.21
, pp. 1085-1088
-
-
Hagenmaier, H.1
Brunner, H.2
Haag, R.3
Kraft, M.4
-
101
-
-
0027246407
-
Thermodynamic data for dioxins from molecular modelling computations: Prediction of equilibrium isomer composition
-
[101] Unsworth, J.F. and H. Dorans. Thermodynamic data for dioxins from molecular modelling computations: prediction of equilibrium isomer composition. Chemosphere, 27 (1993) 351-358.
-
(1993)
Chemosphere
, vol.27
, pp. 351-358
-
-
Unsworth, J.F.1
Dorans, H.2
-
102
-
-
0000713797
-
Dioxin formation and destruction during combustion: Thermodynamic data from molecular modelling computations
-
[102] Unsworth, J.F. Dioxin formation and destruction during combustion: Thermodynamic data from molecular modelling computations. Organohalogen Compd., 8 (1992) 297-300.
-
(1992)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.8
, pp. 297-300
-
-
Unsworth, J.F.1
-
103
-
-
0342496167
-
-
Wiley, New York
-
[103] Paquette, L.A. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Vol. 2. Wiley, New York, 1995, p. 1301, 1326.
-
(1995)
Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis
, vol.2
, pp. 1301
-
-
Paquette, L.A.1
-
104
-
-
0343365646
-
Advanced organic chemistry
-
Wiley, New York
-
[104] Carey, F.A. and R.J. Sundbery. Advanced Organic Chemistry, Part B, Reactions and Synthesis. Wiley, New York, 1990, p. 601.
-
(1990)
Reactions and Synthesis.
, Issue.PART B
, pp. 601
-
-
Carey, F.A.1
Sundbery, R.J.2
-
105
-
-
0003467672
-
-
Wiley, New York
-
[105] March, J. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms and Structures, Wiley, New York, 1992, p. 533, 665.
-
(1992)
Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms and Structures
, pp. 533
-
-
March, J.1
-
106
-
-
0027053492
-
Mechanistic steps in the production of PCDD and PCDF during waste combustion
-
[106] Gullett, B.K., K.R. Bruce, L.O. Beach and A.M. Dragon. Mechanistic steps in the production of PCDD and PCDF during waste combustion. Chemosphere, 25 (1992) 1387-1392.
-
(1992)
Chemosphere
, vol.25
, pp. 1387-1392
-
-
Gullett, B.K.1
Bruce, K.R.2
Beach, L.O.3
Dragon, A.M.4
-
107
-
-
0026587894
-
Thermodynamic study on the reduction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in incinerator exhausts
-
[107] Murabayashi, M. and H. Moesta. Thermodynamic study on the reduction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in incinerator exhausts. Environ. Sci. Technol., 26 (1992) 797-802.
-
(1992)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.26
, pp. 797-802
-
-
Murabayashi, M.1
Moesta, H.2
-
108
-
-
0007985166
-
Dioxin formation from tetrachlorophenol over fly ash under breakthrough conditions
-
[108] Altwicker, E. and M.S. Milligan. Dioxin formation from tetrachlorophenol over fly ash under breakthrough conditions. Organohalogen Compd., 11 (1993) 269-272.
-
(1993)
Organohalogen Compd.
, vol.11
, pp. 269-272
-
-
Altwicker, E.1
Milligan, M.S.2
-
109
-
-
0026869969
-
Behavior of heavy metals in the combustion of urban waste incinerators
-
[109] Fernandez, M.A., L. Martinez, M. Segarra, J.C. Carcla and F. Espiell. Behavior of heavy metals in the combustion of urban waste incinerators. Environ. Sci. Technol., 26 (1992) 1040-1047.
-
(1992)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.26
, pp. 1040-1047
-
-
Fernandez, M.A.1
Martinez, L.2
Segarra, M.3
Carcla, J.C.4
Espiell, F.5
-
110
-
-
0030062989
-
The thermodynamic behavior of metal chlorides and sulfates under the conditions of incineration furnaces
-
[110] Verhulst, D., A. Buekens, P.J. Spencer and G. Eriksson. The thermodynamic behavior of metal chlorides and sulfates under the conditions of incineration furnaces. Environ. Sci. Technol., 30 (1996) 50-56.
-
(1996)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.30
, pp. 50-56
-
-
Verhulst, D.1
Buekens, A.2
Spencer, P.J.3
Eriksson, G.4
|