Crystal-mush compaction and the origin of pegmatitic segregation sheets in a thick flood-basalt flow in the Mesozoic Hartford Basin, Connecticut

Journal of Petrology

Volumn 37, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 811-836

  Philpotts, Anthony R ^a   Carroll, Maureen ^a   Hill, James M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

Author keywords

Connecticut; Crystal mush compaction; Flood basalt; Segregation sheets; Tholeiitic

Indexed keywords

COMPACTION; CRYSTAL MUSH; FLOOD BASALT; SEGREGATION SHEET; THOLEIITE;

USA, CONNECTICUT, HARTFORD BASIN;

EID: 0030483225     PISSN: 00223530     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/petrology/37.4.811     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Ashby, M. F. & Verrall, R. A., 1977. Micromechanisms of flow and fracture, and their relevance to the rheology of the upper mantle. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A288, 59-95.
2. Barth, G. A., Kleinrock, M. C. & Helz, R. T., 1994. The magma body at Kilauea Iki lava lake: potential insights into mid-ocean ridge magma chambers. Journal of Geophysical Research 99, 7199-7217.
3. Burgers, J. M., 1938. Second Report on Viscosity and Plasticity. New York: Nordemann, pp. 113-184.
4. Campbell, I. H., Roeder, P. L. & Dixon, J. M., 1978. Plagioclase buoyancy in basaltic liquids as determined with a centrifuge furnace. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 67, 369-377.
5. Carman, M. F., Jr., 1994. Mechanisms of differentiation in shallow mafic alkaline intrusions, as illustrated in the Big Bend area, western Texas. Journal of Volcanology and Gothermal Research 61, 1-44.
6. Cornwall, H. R., 1951. Differentiation in lavas of the Keweenawan series and the origin of the copper deposits of Michigan. Geological Society of America Bulletin 62, 159-202.
7. Dixon, S. J. & Rutherford, M. J., 1979. Plagiogranites as late-stage immiscible liquids in ophiolite and mid ocean ridge suites: an experimental study. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 45, 45-60.
8. Dostal, J. & Greenough, J. D., 1992. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the early Mesozoic North Mountain basalts of Nova Scotia, Canada. In: Puffer, J. H. & Ragland, P. C. (eds) Eastern North American Mesozoic Magmatism. Geological Society of America Special Paper 268, 149-160.
9. Emerson, B. K., 1905. Plumose diabase and palagonite from the Holyoke trap sheet. Geological Society of America Bulletin 16, 91-130.
10. Gerlach, D. C., Leeman, W. P. & AvéLallemant, H. G., 1981. Petrology and geochemistry of plagiogranite in the Canyon Mountain Ophiolite, Oregon. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 77, 82-92.
11. Greenough, J. D. & Dostal, J., 1992. Layered rhyolite bands in a thick North Mountain basalt flow: the products of silicate liquid immiscibility? Mineralogical Magazine 56, 309-318.
12. Hart, S. R., Gunn, B. M. & Watkins, N. D., 1971. Intralava variation of alkali elements in Icelandic basalt. American Journal of Science 270, 315-318.
13. Helz, R., 1980. Crystallization history of Kilauea Iki lava lake as seen in drill core recovered in 1967-1979. Bulletin Volcanologique 43, 675-701.
14. Irvine, T. N., 1980. Magmatic infiltration metasomatism, double-diffusive fractional crystallization, and adcumulus growth in the Muskox intrusion and other layered intrusions. In: Hargraves, R. B. (ed.) Physics of Magmatic Processes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, pp. 325-383.
15. Lange, R. & Carmichael, I. S. E., 1987. Thermodynamic properties in silicate liquids with emphasis on density, thermal expansion and compressibility. In: Nicholls, J. & Russell, J. K. (eds) Modern Methods of Igneous Petrology: Understanding Magmatic Processes. Mineralogical Society of America, Reviews in Mineralogy 24, 25-64.
16. Larsen, R. B. & Brooks, C. K., 1994. Origin and evolution of gabbroic pegmatites in the Skaergaard Intrusion, East Greenland. Journal of Petrology 35, 1651-1679.
17. Lindsley, D. H., 1983. Pyroxene thermometry. American Mineralogist 68, 477-193.
18. Lindsley, D. H., Smith, D. & Haggerty, S. E., 1971. Petrography and mineral chemistry of a differentiated flow of Picture Gorge Basalt near Spray, Oregon. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Yearbook 69, 264-285.
19. Long, P. E. & Wood, B. J., 1986. Structures, textures, and cooling histories of Columbia River basalt flows. Geological Society of America Bulletin 97, 1144-1155.
20. Luttrell, G. W., 1989. Stratigraphic nomenclature of the Newark Supergroup of eastern North America. US Geological Survey Bulletin 1572, 136 pp.
21. Marsh, B. D., 1988. Crystal capture, sorting, and retention in convecting magma. Geological Society of America Bulletin 100, 1720-1737.
22. Marsh, B. D. & Wheelock, M. M., 1994. On the mechanics of segregation formation in basaltic sills. EOS, Abstracts Spring 1994 75(16), 363.
23. McKenzie, D., 1984. The generation and compaction of partially molten rock. Journal of Petrology 25, 713-765.
24. McKenzie, D., 1985. The extraction of magma from the crust and mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 74, 81-91.
25. McKenzie, D. & Bickle, M. J., 1988. The volume and composition of melt generated by extension of the lithosphere. Journal of Petrology 29, 625-679.
26. Moore, J. G. & Evans, B. W., 1967. The role of olivine in the crystallization of the prehistoric Makaopuhi tholeiitic lava lake, Hawaii. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 15, 202-223.
27. Morse, S. A., 1986. Convection in aid of adcumulus growth. Journal of Petrology 27, 1183-1214.
28. Philpotts, A. R., 1979. Silicate liquid immiscibility in tholeiitic basalts. Journal of Petrology 20, 99-118.
29. Philpotts, A. R., 1982. Compositions of immiscible liquids in volcanic rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 80, 201-218.
30. Philpotts, A. R. & Doyle, C. D., 1983. Effect of magma oxidation state on the extent of silicate liquid immiscibility in a tholeiitic basalt. American Journal of Science 283, 967-986.
31. Philpotts, A. R. & Reichenbach, I., 1985. Differentiation of Mesozoic basalts of the Hartford Basin, Connecticut. Geological Society of America Bulletin 96, 1131-1139.
32. Puffer, J. H. & Horter, D. L., 1993. Origin of pegmatitic segregation veins within flood basalts. Geological Society of America Bulletin 105, 738-748.
33. Puffer, J. H., Hurtubise, D. O., Geiger, F. J. & Lechler, P., 1981. Chemical composition and stratigraphic correlation of the Mesozoic basalt units of the Newark Basin, New Jersey, and the Hartford Basin, Connecticut. Geological Society of America Bulletin 92, 515-553.
34. Richter, D. H. & Moore, J. G., 1966. Petrology of the Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 537-B, 26 pp.
35. Richter, F. M. & McKenzie, D., 1984. Dynamical models for melt segregation from a deformable matrix. Journal of Geology 92, 729-740.
36. Ryerson, F. J., Weed, H. C. & Piwinskii, A. J., 1988. Rheology of subliquidus magmas 1. Picritic compositions. Journal of Geophysical Research 93, 3421-3436.
37. Shirley, D. N., 1986. Compaction of igneous cumulates. Journal of Geology 94, 795-809.
38. Shirley, D. N., 1987. Differentiation and compaction in the Palisades Sill, New Jersey. Journal of Petrology 28, 835-865.
39. Sinton, J. M. & Detrick, R., 1992. Mid-ocean ridge magma chambers. Journal of Geophysical Research 97, 197-216.
40. Sparks, R. S. J., Huppert, H. E., Kerr, R. C., McKenzie, D. P. & Tait, S. R., 1985. Postcumulus processes in layered intrusions. Geological Magazine 122, 555-568.
41. Stolper, E., Walker, D., Hager, B. H. & Hays, J. F., 1981. Melt segregation from partially molten source regions: the importance of melt density and source region size. Journal of Geophysical Research 86, 6261-6271.
42. Tait, S. & Jaupart, C., 1992. Compositional convection in a reactive crystalline mush and melt differentiation. Journal of Geophysical Research 97, 6735-6756.
43. Walker, D., Stolper, E. M. & Hays, J. F. (1978). A numerical treatment of melt/solid segregation: size of the eucrite parent body and stability of the terrestrial low velocity zone. Journal of Geophysical Research 83, 6005-6013.
44. 5, and other oxides in silicate melts. American Mineralogist 80, 1085-1088.
45. Wheelock, M. M. & Marsh, B. D., 1994. Silicic segregations in basaltic igneous bodies: their nature, occurrence and conditions of formation. EOS, Abstracts Spring 1994 75(16), 365.
46. Wilson, A. D., 1955. A new method for the determination of ferrous iron in rocks and minerals. Great Britain Geological Survey Bulletin 9, 56-58.
47. Wood, D. A., Gibson, I. L. & Thompson, R. N., 1976. Elemental mobility during zeolite fades metamorphism of the Tertiary basalts of eastern Iceland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 55, 241-254.
48. Worster, M. G., Huppert, H. E. & Sparks, R. S. J., 1993. The crystallization of lava lakes. Journal of Geophysical Research 98, 15891-15901.
49. Wright, T. L. & Okamura, R. T., 1977. Cooling and crystallization of tholciitic basalt, 1965 Makaopuhi lava lake, Hawaii. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 1004, 78 pp.